Impact of land–sea thermal contrast on interdecadal variation in circulation and blocking

The impact of asymmetric thermal forcing associated with land–sea distribution on interdecadal variation in large-scale circulation and blocking was investigated using observations and the coupled model intercomparison project outputs. A land–sea index (LSI) was defined to measure asymmetric zonal thermal forcing; the index changed from a negative to a positive anomaly in the 1980s. In the positive phase of the LSI, the 500 hPa geopotential height decreased in the polar regions and increased in the mid-latitudes. The tropospheric planetary wave activity also became weaker and exerted less easterly forcing on the westerly wind. These circulation changes were favorable for westerly wind acceleration and reduced blocking. In the Atlantic, the duration of blocking decreased by 38 % during the positive LSI phase compared with that during the negative phase; in Europe, the number of blocking persisting for longer than 10 days during the positive LSI phase was only half of the number during the negative phase. The observed surface air temperature anomaly followed a distinctive “cold ocean/warm land” (COWL) pattern, which provided an environment that reduced, or destroyed, the resonance forcing of topography and was unfavorable for the development and persistence of blocking. In turn, the responses of the westerly and blocking could further enhance continental warming, which would strengthen the “cold ocean/warm land” pattern. This positive feedback amplified regional warming in the context of overall global warming.     

基于模糊综合评判和GIS技术的矿山地质环境影响评价

蒲白矿产资源集中开采区分布于渭北黑腰带地区的蒲城和白水县,煤炭、石灰岩、铝土矿和粘土等多种矿产的持续开发,产生了各类的矿山地质环境问题,其中煤矿采空区塌陷及裂缝最为突出。选取了地形相对高差、岩土体特征、开采方式、有效深厚比、采空区面积比、矿山地质灾害发育密度、地下水位、压占破坏土地资源等11个指标作为评价因子,构建了矿山地质环境影响评价指标体系。采用模糊综合评判法对研究区矿山地质环境影响进行评价,并结合GIS空间分析技术划分为矿山地质环境影响严重区12个,较严重区4个,较轻区2个。评价结果与实际调查情况较为相近,较客观的反映了采矿活动对矿山地质环境的影响,并结合区内实际提出了矿山地质环境恢复治理措施建议,为矿山地质环境保护与恢复治理提供了依据。     

重庆涪陵页岩气勘查开发区环境地质调查进展

紧密结合国家非常规能源勘探开发的重大战略,聚焦重庆涪陵页岩气勘查开发区环境地质调查工作,总结了研究区岩溶发育特征与分布规律,评价了涪陵页岩气开发区区域水资源量和地下水质量。在此基础上,收集分析国内外资料,梳理了页岩气勘查开发所引发的6类环境(地质)问题及勘查、钻井、压裂、开采、闭井等5个阶段需关注的地质环境问题或风险等,其中涪陵页岩气勘查开发区主要诱发水土污染、地质灾害和大气污染等环境(地质)问题; 基本识别了2种地下水污染模式、3种污染类型及可能的地下水污染风险途径; 初步确定了涪陵页岩气勘查开发区污染指示性特征因子,并形成了页岩气勘查开发区地质环境影响评价指标体系,可指导页岩气勘查开发的环境地质调查。该研究为页岩气国家新型清洁能源的绿色开发和开发区生态文明建设提供支撑。     

The Quantitative Assessment System for Brine Resource Industry Based on Sustainable Development Theory:a Case Study on Xitai-Jinaier Lake,Qinghai,China

正Salt lake resource is one of preponderant and strategic mineral resources in China.Some important chemical elements contained in brine are highly significant to both agriculture security and national security.Given the     

滇黔静止锋减弱北抬期间环流特征分析

采用2010—2021年深秋初冬时节（11—12月）ECMWF细网格2 m温度预报资料,以及实况地面气压场、综合观测资料、卫星资料与NCEP/NCAR提供的FNL再分析资料,对滇黔静止锋减弱北抬期间贵州境内84个国家观测站72 h内逐日最高温、最低温进行检验评估。结果发现,滇黔静止锋活动期间相对于平均状态,其预报准确率均显著降低而平均均方根误差明显增加,其中2014年ECMWF预报准确率不足20%,几乎丧失预报能力。为此,以2014年发生的19次滇黔静止锋减弱北抬个例进行合成分析,发现各层环流和要素场特征较平均状态均发生了明显变化。主要表现为：200 hPa上,静止锋摆动期间较平均状态急流入口有所东移,其南北界区域总体变窄,急流中心平均强度由65.0 m/s下降到60.0 m/s;500 hPa上,中高纬两槽一脊形势变得更加不明显,冷空气势力减弱,环流纬向度增大;要素场上,相对平均状态,0℃线均位于600 hPa附近,中低层气温呈现明显增温状态,700~850 hPa逆温状态变弱甚至消散,在低层风场上表现为南风增强、涡度增大。因此,当滇黔静止锋发生减弱北抬时,其环流和要素场特征相对平均状态均发生强度和位置上的变化,在预报工作中,可以此特征判断静止锋是否减弱北抬,更好地进行地方预报与服务。     

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贵州铜仁地区锰矿定量预测与评价

应用地质、化探、物探、遥感等手段和资料进行多元信息成矿预测已成为找矿工作的重要方法。以贵州铜仁地区锰矿为研究对象,基于研究区与成矿相关的多元信息,建立区域找矿模型;运用GIS技术对多元信息进行综合处理并提取有利成矿信息,形成找矿标志专题图层,构成找矿预测指标集;利用证据权重法建立锰矿综合预测模型,结合研究区成矿地质条件、已知锰矿床（点）等因素,确定找矿有利地区,并圈定7个远景区,为发现大规模锰矿产地提供参考。     

Numerical simulation of the Rongcharong paleolandslide river-blocking event: implication for the longevity of the landslide dam

Landslides - Numerous paleolandslide dams are distributed along the upper reaches of the Jinsha River under the special geological setting of the Tibetan Plateau. A field investigation revealed...     

首批国际地质科学联合会地质遗产地名录的诞生和意义

2022年10月25至28日,国际地质科学联合会在西班牙Zumaia召开的“庆祝国际地质科学联合会成立60周年大会”上,正式向全球公布了国际地质科学联合会国际地球遗产委员会承担的国际地学计划（IGCP）731项目的成果之一：首批100个国际地质科学联合会地质遗产地名录,并发布了“国际地质科学联合会Zumaia宣言”,呼吁国际社会重视和关注地质遗产地的科学研究和保护管理,引起国际地学界和公众极大的关注。基于全程参与该项工作,本文系统介绍国际地质科学联合会地质遗产地名录的由来、发展、遴选程序和过程、地质遗产地的定义和标准,指出建立地质遗产地名录对科学研究和可持续发展的意义,并对今后地质遗产地发展前景进行展望,供读者参考。     

Numerical simulation of the Qulong Paleolandslide Dam event in the late pleistocene using the finite volume type shallow water model

Natural Hazards - The Qulong paleolandslide dam event lies in the Benzilan-Batang zone of the upper Jinsha River. The Jinsha River is one of the most extensive water resources in southwest China....