Algorithm of Calculation of Lyapounov Coefficients for Analysis of Chemical Autooscillations, as Applied to Calcite Crystallization Model

The numerical algorithm of calculation of Lyapounov coefficients (L _k) of any order is developed. The apparatus of analytical calculations is not used in this algorithm. The proposed algorithm is of use for usual computer languages and allows us to find the numerical value of L _k for any k and to make complete qualitative analyses of dynamic models on the plane.     

南京栖霞山铅锌矿区铅同位素示踪

南京栖霞山铅锌矿已开采50余年,环境问题日益突出。为了了解污染来源和污染传播方式,采集了该地水、土、植物、大气沉降、燃油灰尘、矿石、人血和生物等多种样品进行重金属元素含量和铅同位素示踪分析。结果表明矿区重金属污染严重,且污染随着靠近矿区而逐渐加重,重金属元素Pb、As、Cd、Cu、Zn之间相关性明显,初步反映了污染与矿山有关;同位素分析显示,矿区大气沉降样品、大部分植物样品、部分土壤和部分生物样品铅同位素组成与矿石铅同位素组成相似,证实了污染源为矿山。另外,大气沉降与植物样品铅含量高且它们的铅同位素组成相当,反映了大气沉降是污染传播方式之一。     

Tectonic Units Division of Crystalline Basement in the Tarim Basin, NW China

<正>By the geological investigation for crystalline basement outcrops in Northeast and northwest margins of Tarim Basin,we provide essential constrains interpreting the structure,petrology and age of the pre-Sinian basement.On the basis of interpretation for aeromagnetic anomalies,     

京西北地区地应变观测与小震震源机制解一致性研究

以京西北地区作为研究区域,采用应变参数方法解算定点地应变观测数据,将所得应变参数时间序列作为研究对象,利用该结果与研究区内同期小震震源机制解进行一致性分析,研究得出呈拉张性质的定点观测最大主应变方位与震源机制解最大拉张变形方向（T轴）水平投影具有良好的对应性,整体以NNW—NE向为主,且自西向东排布的测点最大主应变方位与震源机制解最大拉张变形方向均表现为逐渐东向偏移的趋势,与华北平原块体北部发生顺时针旋转活动的特征相吻合,结果进一步检验了地应变观测反映区域应变场信息的能力。     

滇西“三江”地区临沧花岗岩基中三叠世碱长花岗岩的发现及其意义

在野外调研的基础上,对滇西“三江”地区临沧花岗岩基中勐库碱长花岗岩体的年代学、岩石学和地球化学开展了较系统的研究。结果显示,勐库岩体的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年龄为236.2±3.7 Ma,表明岩体应形成于中三叠世,而非前人认为的新生代。全岩主、微量元素,Sr同位素和锆石微量元素特征显示岩体属于S型花岗岩系列,来自于与临沧花岗岩基相类似的地壳沉积物源区的部分熔融,并经历了高程度的结晶分异作用。以勐库岩体为代表的碱长花岗岩与临沧花岗岩基形成时代一致,表明碱长花岗岩应为临沧花岗岩基的重要组成部分。除已报道的黑云母二长花岗岩类和黑云母花岗闪长岩类外,临沧花岗岩基还应包括较广泛分布的碱长花岗岩类。本文同时揭示,由于临沧花岗岩基中以勐库岩体为代表的碱长花岗岩并非早前认为的新生代岩体,“三江”南段特别是临沧地块前人划分的新生代岩体分布范围和规模可能需要重估。     

Development mechanism for the landslide at Xinlu Village,Chongqing, China

Due to the continuous and intense rainfall from June 26 to 28, 2016, Xinlu Village in Ganshui Town, Qijiang District, Chongqing, experienced a unitary-slip landslide at approximately UTC+8 19:30 on June 28. This landslide disrupted the Chuan-Qian railway and damaged four residential buildings. To analyze and rehabilitate the landslide, the engineering geology, hydrological conditions, and deformation instability mechanism of this landslide were investigated and comprehensively analyzed based on an in situ survey, geophysical drilling, and a laboratory quick-shearing test. The results show that the landslide is a typical gradual progressive landslide.     

The roles of different mechanisms related to the tide-induced fronts in the Yellow Sea in summer

In summer, the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mass （YSCWM） is a stable water mass of low temperature lying at the bottom of the central Yellow Sea （YS）. It is fringed by some typical tidal fronts, which separate deep, stratified water on the offshore side from the well-mixed, shallow water on the inshore side. Three striking fronts--Subei Bank Front （SBF）, Shandong Peninsula Front （SPF）, and Mokpo Front （MKF; a front off the southwestern tip of the Korean Peninsula）--have been iden- tified by various studies from both satellite observations and model results. Tide plays an important role in the formation and maintenance of these fronts. However, it is still a matter of debate as to the roles these two kinds of mechanisms of upwelling and tidal mixing play, and how importance they are in the maintenance processes of the above three fronts. Basing a nested high-resolution model HYCOM （the Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model）, this study focuses on the different mechanisms of tidal effects on the thermal fronts in the YS in summertime. Through comparative experiments with and without tidal forcing, the results indicate that the MKF is mainly driven by tide-induced upwelling. For the SPF, tidal mixing is the dominant factor, when lower cold water is stirred upwards along the sloping topography of the western YS. Meanwhile, the combined effect of upwelling and tidal mixing is the main cause of the formation of the SBF. Diagnostic analysis of thermal balance shows that horizontal nonlinear advection induced by strong tidal currents also contributes to the thermal balance of frontal areas.     

青岛近海物理-生物地球化学过程及其生态响应

近些年来,夏季黄海浒苔大规模暴发,并在青岛近岸海域大面积聚集,引起了广泛的关注。本文基于在夏季和冬季所获得的多学科调查资料,重点研究了青岛近海的水文-生物地球化学过程及其生态影响,阐明了该海域物理-化学-生物等多参数之间的耦合响应。研究显示,夏季黄海冷水团的边界可扩展至青岛近岸海域,并在局部涌升至上层水体,形成沿岸上升流;该上升流可对上层营养盐产生一定的补充,进而促进浮游植物的繁殖,并于底层海域对应形成溶解氧（DO）和pH的低值。夏季青岛近海的上升流可能还有利于随南风漂移至此的浒苔的生长,并在一定程度上引起浒苔的局地旺发;同时,夏季该海域特定的锋面系统对浒苔聚集的影响也不容忽视。冬季黄海暖流在苏北浅滩外侧向山东半岛南部海域延伸,扩展至青岛近海的暖水舌与近岸低温水之间的锋面特征明显,而且在向岸暖水与近岸冷水间还对应形成了明显的营养盐和叶绿素（Chl-a）锋面。该项研究从多学科交叉的视角,增进了对青岛近海物理、化学和生物过程之间耦合关系的认识。     

基于三维荧光光谱-平行因子技术联用的浮游藻化学分类学技术研究

An in vivo three-dimensional fluorescence method for the determination of algae community structure was developed by parallel factor analysis(PARAFAC) and CHEMTAX. The PARAFAC model was applied to fluorescence excitation-emission matrix(EEM) of 60 algae species belonging to five divisions and 11 fluorescent components were identified according to the residual sum of squares and specificity of the composition profiles of fluorescent. By the 11 fluorescent components, the algae species at different growth stages were classified correctly at the division level using Bayesian discriminant analysis(BDA). Then the reference fluorescent component ratio matrix was constructed for CHEMTAX, and the EEM–PARAFAC–CHEMTAX method was developed to differentiate algae taxonomic groups. The correct discrimination ratios(CDRs) when the fluorometric method was used for single-species samples were 100% at the division level, except for Bacillariophyta with a CDR of 95.6%. The CDRs for the mixtures were above 94.0% for the dominant algae species and above 87.0% for the subdominant algae species. However, the CDRs of the subdominant algae species were too low to be unreliable when the relative abundance estimated was less than 15.0%. The fluorometric method was tested using the samples from the Jiaozhou Bay and the mesocosm experiments in the Xiaomai Island Bay in August 2007. The discrimination results of the dominant algae groups agreed with microscopy cell counts, as well as the subdominant algae groups of which the estimated relative abundance was above 15.0%. This technique would be of great aid when low-cost and rapid analysis is needed for samples in a large batch. The fluorometric technique has the ability to correctly identify dominant species with proper abundance both in vivo and in situ.     

Matter-wave interference in an axial triple-well optical dipole trap

This paper proposes a scheme of axial triple-well optical dipole trap by employing a simple optical system composed of a circular cosine grating and a lens. Three optical wells separated averagely by ～37 μm were created when illuminating by a YAG laser with power 1 mW. These wells with average trapping depth ～0.5 μK and volume ～74 μm³ are suitable to trap and manipulate an atomic Bose--Einstein condensation (BEC). Due to a controllable grating implemented by a spatial light modulator, an evolution between a triple-well trap and a single-well one is achievable by adjusting the height of potential barrier between adjacent wells. Based on this novel triple-well potentials, the loading and splitting of BEC, as well as the interference between three freely expanding BECs, are also numerically stimulated within the framework of mean-field treatment. By fitting three cosine functions with three Gaussian envelopes to interference fringe, the information of relative phases among three condensates is extracted.