基于氧化逆境标志物的北部湾潮间带沉积物有机污染程度综合评价

利用综合生物标志物响应(IBR)指数对北部湾潮间带沉积环境中多氯联苯(PCBs)、石油烃(TPH)、壬基酚(NP) 和苯并芘(B[a]P)的综合污染水平进行评价。在9个站位采集波纹巴非蛤(Paphia undulata)和沉积物样品,测定沉积物和生物软组织中有机污染物含量,同时对鳃、内脏中与细胞防御系统有关的各7种标志物(包括还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等)进行分析。利用相关性分析法筛选出对1~2种有机污染物响应敏感的生物标志物共8种,分别为内脏中的GPx、GSH、GSSG、CAT和鳃中的GPx、GSH、GSSG、CAT。以筛选的8种生物标志物为基础, 9个站位IBR指数范围为0.27~1.48,其中站位S2(湛江市乐民镇码头)、站位S9(湛江市江洪码头)的IBR较小,显示污染程度最轻;站位S4(防城港西湾)、站位S3(钦州湾老人沙浅滩) IBR较高,显示生物体因有机污染产生氧化逆境。不同站位的IBR值与污染源分布、化学污染物分析结果基本一致,表明该方法可用于北部湾潮间带沉积物有机污染程度的综合评价。     

V7版和V8版TOMS大气臭氧资料比较分析

目前使用的TOMS(Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer)大气臭氧资料大多为V7版本和V8版本,文章利用1978年11月至2001年12月的版本7和版本8算法反演得到的TOMS臭氧资料,比较分析了两个版本资料之间差异的时空分布特性。结果表明,TOMS公布的V8版本资料与V7版本资料虽然有较好的相关性,但是在数值上存在明显的时空分布差异,尤其在极区更为明显。     

《天文学名词》数据库新版网站设计与实现

<天文学名词>数据库网站是天文学名词审定委员会开展名词审定工作和为广大用户提供名词查询检索以及其它相关服务的网络平台.随着名词审定工作的不断推进和广大用户对名词数据库功能需求的不断增加,原有的网络平台从功能和信息量上都无法满足当前的需求.<天文学名词>数据库新版网站借助成熟的数据库和网络技术,围绕名词的征集、审定、发布、查询检索等环节,充分实现了广大用户和天文学名词审定委员会所需要的功能.提供了更加丰富的信息.介绍了新版数据库及网站的设计原则、实现方法,并从功能需求出发着重介绍后台数据库和用户界面的设计与实现.<天文学名词>数据库网站是一个典型的由数据库驱动的简单网络应用系统,本文所涉及的工作和介绍的经验将为类似应用系统的开发提供切实可行的参考.     

认识我们的父亲——边效曾——谨以此文纪念我们的父亲边效曾逝世20周年

<正>为《二十世纪中国知名科学家学术成就概览》能源与矿业工程学卷撰写入传者———边效曾的过程,是进一步认识我们的父亲的过程,我们深深的感到他是一个勤奋的人,是一个在地质工作中努力实践"认识论"的人,是一个思维活跃、不断学习的人。他所倡导的基础地质与找矿理论研究相结合的理念,是值得我们在不同的工作岗位上借鉴和学习的。今年10     

Features of different types of seismic events in China’s Capital Region

Seismic records produced by different seismic sources vary. In this study, we compared the waveform records and time-frequency characteristics of tectonic earthquakes, artificial explosions, and mine collapses in China’s Capital Region. The results show that tectonic earthquakes are characterized by stronger S-wave energy than P-wave energy, obvious high-frequency components, and wide frequency bands of P and S waves. Artificial explosions are characterized by greater P-wave amplitude than S-wave amplitude and near-station surface wave development. Mine collapses are characterized by lower overall frequency, more obvious surface waves, and longer duration. We extracted quantitative discriminants based on the analysis of different event records, with 31 feature values in 7 categories (P/S maximum amplitude ratio, high/low frequency energy ratio, P/S spectral ratio, corner frequency, duration, the second-order moment of spectrum, and energy strongest point). A comparison of the ability of these feature values to recognize distinct events showed that the 6–17 Hz P/S spectral ratio was able to completely distinguish artificial explosions from the other two types of events. The S-wave corner frequency performed relatively well in identifying all three types of events, with an accuracy of over 90%. Additionally, a support vector machine was used to comprehensively distinguish multiple features, with an accuracy for all three types of events reaching up to 100%.     

非定常过程对大气边界层的内参数与风廓线的影响(二)

本文用大气边界层运动方程的数值积分研究了当边界层顶风向不变但风速变化时对大气边界层的内参数u_*/A(u_*为摩擦速度,A为上界风速)和α角(地面风与上界风向的交角)的影响。设上界处风速随时间指数增加及减少,最后趋于定常。在大气正、斜压时,u_*/A及α角的时间变化均是振幅衰减的振荡,最后趋于定常时相应的值。在时间变化过程中的任一时刻,内参数值与当上界条件取该时刻上界风时的定常解结果有一定的差别,严格说,定常时的内参数值并不能直接用于当上界风非定常时。本文还考虑了上界风速非定常对风廓线的影响。     

The Cretaceous volcanic succession around the Songliao Basin,NE China: relationship between volcanism and sedimentation

With volume ratio of 8:1:1.5 amongst acidic, intermediate and basaltic rocks, the Cretaceous volcanics around the Songliao Basin are a series of high‐K or medium‐K, peraluminous or metaluminous, calc‐alkaline rocks, lacking typical basalts and peralkaline members of typical rift‐related types. Their eruption ages range between 133 and 127 Ma, 124 and 122 Ma and 117 and 113 Ma respectively. They are high in total (Rare earth element) REE contents (96.1–326 ppm), enriched in LREE and depleted in HREE (LREE/HREE = 4.6–13.8), with negative Eu and Ce anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.04–0.88; Ce/Ce* = 0.60–0.97). They have enriched large‐ion lithophile elements (e.g. K, Ba, Th) and depleted high field strength elements (e.g. Nb, Ti and Y), suggesting a subduction‐related tectonic setting. The volcanic activities migrated from south to north, forming a successively northward‐stepping volcanic series and showing a feature significantly different from the overlying sedimentary sequence striking northeast. Thus, an overlap basin model was proposed. Accompanied by opening of the basin, the volcanogenic succession was formed at the block‐faulting stage (131–113 Ma) owing to the closure of the Mongolia–Okhotsk ocean in the Jurassic and early Cretaceous, while the overlying sedimentary sequence was unconformably deposited at the spreading stage (Albian–Maastrichtian) owing to the oblique subduction of the Pacific plate under the Eurasian plate. The volcanic succession constitutes the lower unit of basin filling and is the forerunner of further basin spreading. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.