基于瓦片数据结构的大规模地形构建与显示

地形漫游在仿真、模拟、虚拟现实、游戏等领域都有广泛的应用，但其大规模地形实时动态绘制的速度和质量一直是一个难点。文章主要分析了地形场景数据管理与实时调度、视相关多层次细节模型与可见性判断以及分层数据组织与瓦片数据绘制等关键问题。在研究多种层次算法的基础上，提出了一种实时高帧率绘制大规模地形的瓦片重组数据结构的方法，并改进了视景体裁切重组地形数据的方法。实验结果表明该方法在保持地形逼真的情况下，有很好的绘制网格帧率和实时动态交互的效果。     

面向摄影测量的数字图像融合系统的设计与应用

为了解决摄影测量生产中,单一遥感图像的信息不足,综合应用多源遥感图像,有效提高图像的空间分辨率和光谱分辨率,以满足境内困难地区和境外目标的军用地形图测绘生产的需要,本文讨论了面向摄影测量的数字图像融合系统的设计思路,并介绍了应用该系统生成的融合图像在摄影测量生产中的应用情况。     

判识天然气成因的轻烃指标探讨

对我国4个盆地典型煤型气和油型气的209个样品轻烃组成和53个样品轻烃单体碳同位素进行了分析,提出或完善了我国煤型气和油型气的鉴别指标.在天然气轻烃单体碳同位素指标系列中,煤型气具有δ13C苯>-24‰,δ13C甲苯>-23‰,δ13C环己烷>-24‰,δ13C甲基环己烷>-24‰的分布特点,油型气具有δ13C苯<-24‰,δ13C甲苯<-24‰,δ13C环己烷<-24‰和δ13C甲基环己烷<-24‰的分布特点.在正庚烷(nC7)、甲基环己烷(MCH)、二甲基环戊烷(ΣDMCP)等C7轻烃化合物组成中,nC7相对含量和MCH相对含量受影响因素少,能够较好地反映天然气的成因类型.因此,提出nC7相对含量大于30%,MCH相对含量小于70%,为油型气;nC7相对含量小于35%,MCH相对含量大于50%,为煤型气;在C5-7脂肪族组成中,C5-7正构烷烃含量大于30%的区域为油型气,而C5-7正构烷烃含量小于30%的区域为煤型气.这些指标范围具有相对较好的适用性,可作为鉴别煤型气和油型气的重要指标.     

烟囱模型动力试验研究

烟囱结构的地震反应及其破坏机理是地震工程界长期讨论的问题，对高耸烟囱结构的模型试验研究是研究此工程问题的重要方法，作者通过对45m和180m高大烟囱结构的动力模型试验，对烟囱结构的地震反应及其破坏机理进行了模型试验研究，得出了有意义的结论，为这一问题的理论研究提供了有力的依据。     

谈《枣庄市地震志》的编写

介绍了《枣庄市地震志》编写中存真求实、广征博采,在系统追溯历史地震对枣庄市影响的同时,全面记述枣庄市地震地质环境和全市地震事业兴起和发展的过程。就地震志篇目和人物章节的设置、资料收集、历史地震资料的完善以及矿震研究等方面,认为市级地震志的编修应突出地方地震工作特色和时代特征。     

鄂尔多斯盆地东北部砂岩漂白现象与天然气逸散的关系

漂白砂岩是证明油气是否曾经存在及其逸散规模的重要证据,对其研究具有重要的理论和实际意义.鄂尔多斯盆地东北部漂白现象主要分布在中生代地层中.通过对延安组漂白砂岩的岩石学特征、主量元素、稀土元素及微量元素分析研究以及与邻近砂岩的对比,初步确定该区漂白砂岩形成于酸性还原环境.岩石学特征主要表现为以自生高岭石胶结为主,含铁矿物边部颜色较中心浅;主量分析结果证实漂白砂岩的Al2O3含量较高,Fe3 /Fe2 比值较低,其总铁含量明显低于白色微红砂岩;稀土元素分析结果显示,漂白砂岩ΣREE较其他砂岩低,且显示Eu亏损和Ce相对富集;微量元素结果显示漂白砂岩Co含量相对较高,Sr相对亏损,Zr和Hf相对较富,与绿色蚀变砂岩值接近,略低于砂岩矿石.同时,盆地北部油砂样品地球化学特征表明,油砂是盆地中部气田石炭—二叠系的较高成熟度的煤成气逸散到地表形成的.砂岩中碳酸盐胶结物C,O同位素值较轻,分别为-11.729‰～-10.210‰和-14.104‰～-12.481‰,指示碳酸盐成因与有机质有关.综合研究表明,鄂尔多斯盆地北东部中生界砂岩漂白现象指示了天然气的逸散作用,其为上古生界天然气还原作用的结果.     

舟山大陆引水工程定海马目泵站防雷系统探讨

舟山市大陆引水工程马目泵站是整个工程中大陆与舟山的重要连接点,由于该泵站地处空旷的海边凹型坡地,原有的防雷系统不能有效地保护泵站,曾有遭雷击的历史,本文着重从防雷设计原理入手,根据现代全方位防雷理论体系,就如何更科学、有效、全面的对马目泵站防雷装置系统的安装设计进行了探讨。主要从电源系统、线路、LCU信号系统、直击雷防护系统和等电位接地系统等方面进行了分析,这对整个引水工程的防雷工作的实施无疑将会有一个重要的指导作用。     

A demographic approach to monitoring the health of coral reefs

Inshore coral reefs adjacent to the wet tropics in North Queensland, Australia, are regularly exposed to flood plumes from coastal river systems. Changes in the nature of these plumes have been linked to the declining health of coral reefs in the region. The effect of flood plumes on the health of inshore corals was investigated by quantifying aspects of the demography of populations of corymbose and digitate Acropora at three groups of Island reefs along a gradient of exposure and decreasing water quality (High Island >Frankland's >Fitzroy). The size-structures of colonies, the rates of sexual recruitment, and the growth and survival of juveniles, all varied among the Island reefs. Juvenile and adult sized colonies were far more abundant at the Fitzroy Island reefs, than at the High or Frankland Island reefs that were more exposed to flood plumes. Additionally, there were up to eight times as many sexual recruits at the Fitzroy Island reefs, compared with the High Island reefs. However, the rates of growth and survival of the juvenile sized corals at the Fitzroy Island reefs were lower than at the more exposed reefs. The comparatively low abundance of adult corals at the exposed reefs is most likely due to their histories of disturbance from crown-of-thorns and coral bleaching, but the lack of subsequent recovery due to their low levels of larval recruitment. If a stock-recruitment relationship is typical for these groups of reefs, then the low rates of recruitment may be linked to the low density of adult colonies. Alternately, direct or indirect effects of chronic exposure to poor water quality may have resulted in less suitable substrata for larval settlement. We discuss these results and provide examples of how information about population structure and dynamics can be used in simple matrix models to quantify the current and future health of populations of corals under various scenarios.     

Risks posed by trace organic contaminants in coastal sediments in the Pearl River Delta, China

Local marine environments in China's Pearl River Delta (PRD), the most rapidly developing region in one of the world's fastest growing economies, have been experiencing significant environmental stress during the past decades. This investigation was conducted to determine the status and trends of persistence organic pollutants (POPs) such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine (OC) pesticides and dioxin-related compounds in marine sediments collected from sixteen coastal stations in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) in March 2003. Elevated concentrations of PAHs (94-4300 ng/g), PCBs (6.0-290 ng/g), PHCs (14-150 microg/g), and DDTs (1.4-600 ng/g) were detected in sediment samples. In addition, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-like activities in the sediment samples were estimated to range from 0.3 to 440 pg TCDD-EQ/g. Sediments collected from Xiashan contained the greatest concentrations of trace organic contaminations amongst all the sampling stations in the present study. The degree of trace organic contamination was, in general, more severe at stations situated along the west shores of the PRD than their counterparts in the east. A preliminary assessment was performed to examine the probable risks to the marine ecosystem due to POPs. The results showed that OC pesticide contamination in the PRD was particularly serious and might pose a threat to the health of the marine inhabitants.     

板块构造与成矿作用

岛(山)弧火山岩与成矿作用图4表示东太平洋的板块边界,叫山弧.图5是西太平洋敛合的板块边界,叫岛弧,它有弧后盆地. 岛弧火山岩可分为三个系列:(1)拉斑玄武质系列(TH);(2)钙碱性系列(CA);(3)碱性系列(A).西太平洋的情况很复杂,有些地区只有TH,有的