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561.
562.
裂谷盆地生油层中火山岩及其矿物与有机质的相互作用——油气生成的催化和加氢作用研究进展及展望 总被引:40,自引:0,他引:40
我国裂谷盆地生油层中常有火山岩发育。在研究它们共生模式的基础上,利用地球化学和模拟实验等手段探索埋藏成岩期火山矿物与有机质的相互作用。初步成果表明,一些火山矿物对有机质生烃具有催化和加氢作用,可以使生油岩在较低温度和压力条件下生成较多的油气。但是不同火山矿物对油气生成的催化加氢效果及其动力学特征、这种成因类型的油气识别方法、成藏模式等,还需深入研究。因此,本研究对于丰富油气成因理论、提供新的找油领域具有重要意义。 相似文献
563.
Dynamics of the three-dimensional structure of the wind-driven Deacon cell in a β-plane channel are discussed in a homogeneous model in the presence of a sufficiently high ridge. The emphasis is on the water mass balance: how the northward surface Ekman drift is returned. It is demonstrated that a sufficiently high ridge can break up the geostrophic constraint and a net geostrophic volume flux across the open latitude band is allowed. It is found that: (1) the Deacon cell is a fundamentally three-dimensional structure, (2) wind forcing can drive an inter-basin water mass exchange in the Southern Ocean, and (3) zonal through-channel transport in the circumpolar ocean varies at different longitudes. 相似文献
564.
应用地震波速CT和吸收CT相结合的方法对山东省招远市界河金矿隐伏采空区进行了联合探测研究.波速CT是利用地震波走时资料反演地质体内部波速结构;吸收CT是通过能量变化观测反演吸收系数分布.地震波速对岩性敏感,吸收系数与岩石的完整性关系更密切在界河金矿采空区探测中利用地震波速和吸收系数为层析物理量,在巷道和地表间进行透射观测,以优于2m的分辨率清楚地揭示了测区内采空区和断裂破碎带的分布,探测结果已被后期的采掘所证实.探测的成功为解决同类问题提供了一种可行的方案,对促进工程地球物理探测技术的发展也有重要意义. 相似文献
565.
566.
José M. Marques Paula M. M. Carreira Luís Aires-Barros Rui C. Graça 《Environmental Geology》2000,40(1-2):53-63
At the northern part of the Portuguese mainland, the upflow zone of several hot and cold HCO3/Na/CO2-rich mineral waters is mainly associated with important NNE–SSW faults. Several geochemical studies have been carried out
on thermal and non-thermal hydromineral manifestations that occur along or near these long tectonic alignments. The slight
chemical differences that exist between these meteoric hot and cold HCO3/Na/CO2-rich mineral waters seem to be mainly caused by CO2. δ13C(TIDC) values observed in these groundwaters range between –6.00 and –1.00‰ versus V-PDB (V denotes Vienna, the site of the International
Atomic Energy Agency; PDB originates from the CaCO3 of the rostrum of a Cretaceous belemnite, Belemnitella americana, collected in the Peedee formation of South Carolina, USA) indicating a deep-seated (mantle) origin for most of the CO2. Nevertheless, in the case of the heavier δ13C(TIDC) values, the contribution of metamorphic CO2 or the dissolution of carbonate rock levels at depth cannot be excluded. Concerning the hot waters, the lack of a positive
18O-shift should be attributed to water-rock interaction in a low temperature environment, rather than to the isotopic influence
of CO2 on the δ18O-value of the waters.
Received: 9 August 1999 · Accepted: 8 March 2000 相似文献
567.
The soil freeze–thaw controls the hydrological and carbon cycling and thus affects water and energy exchanges at land surface. This article reported a newly developed algorithm for distinguishing the freeze/thaw status of surface soil. The algorithm was based on information from Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer Enhanced (AMSR‐E) which records brightness temperature (Tb) in the afternoon and after midnight. The criteria and discriminant functions were obtained from both radiometer observations and model simulations. First of all, the microwave radiation from freeze–thaw soil was examined by carrying out experimental measurements at 18·7 and 36·5 GHz using a Truck‐mounted Multi‐frequency Microwave Radiometer (TMMR) in the Heihe River of China. The experimental results showed that the soil moisture is a key component that differentiates the microwave radiation behaviours during the freeze–thaw process, and the differences in soil temperature and emissivity between frozen and thawed soils were found to be the most important criteria. Secondly, a combined model was developed to consider the impacts of complex ground surface conditions on the discrimination. The model simulations quite followed the trend of in situ observations with an overall relation coefficient (R) of approximately 0·88. Finally, the ratio of Tb18·7H (horizontally polarized Tb at 18·7 GHz) to Tb36·5V was considered primarily as the quasi‐emissivity, which is more reasonable and explicit in measuring the microwave radiation changes in soil freezing and thawing than the spectral gradient. By combining Tb36·5V to indicate the soil temperature variety, a Fisher linear discrimination analysis was used to establish the discriminant functions. After being corrected by TMMR measurements, the new discriminant algorithm had an overall accuracy of 86% when validated by 4‐cm soil temperature. The multi‐year discriminant results also provided a good agreement with the classification map of frozen ground in China. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
568.
Sérgio P. Ávila Patrícia Madeira C. Marques da Silva Mário Cachão Bernard Landau Rui Quartau A. M. de Frias Martins 《第四纪科学杂志》2008,23(8):777-785
The Pleistocene (Eemian) outcrops of Lagoinhas and Prainha, located at Santa Maria Island (Azores), were investigated and their fossil mollusc content reported. These studies revealed that the last glaciation affected two groups of molluscs: the ‘warm‐guest’ gastropods with West African or Caribbean affinities (e.g. Conus spp., Cantharus variegatus, Bulla amygdala, Trachypollia nodulosa) and shallow bivalve species mainly associated with sandy habitats (Ensis minor, Lucinella divaricata, and probably Laevicardium crassum). In this paper we focus on this group of bivalves, which has since locally disappeared from the Azores. We relate the local disappearance of these bivalves in the Azores with the lack of sand in the shelf. The specific characteristics of the Santa Maria shelf combined with the sea‐level drop during the Weichselian prevented deposition of the lowstand deposits and permitted erosion of the previous ones, leaving the shelf without a sediment cover. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
569.
Guimei WAN Liangjie TANG Wenzheng JIN . Basin Reservoir Research Centre China University of Petroleum Beijing China. Key Laboratory for Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mechanism of Ministry of Education China University of Petroleum Ministry of Education Beijing China 《东北亚地学研究》2007,10(2):156-165
Compared Kuqa foreland basin with Persian Gulf Basin in development of salt layers, salt tectonics, and the relation between salt tectonics and hydrocarbon, it is concluded that the salt diapirs are relative to hydrocarbon. Searching salt diapirs and related traps in Kuqa foreland basin is important. The forming mechanism of salt tectonic in Kuqa foreland basin is different from that of Hormuz Series, but similar to that of Lower Fars Series/Gachsaran Formation. Inspired by the role of salt tectonics of Lower Fars Series/Gachsaran Formation in hydrocarbon accumulation, the authors considered that the exploration below salt layer should be enforced, and the traps below salt layer in the southern part of the Kuqa foreland basin would be found where salt layer is thicker. On the contrary, the traps should be found both above and below the salt layer in front of the northern mountain where salt layer is thin. The Triassic and Jurassic source rocks are rich in this area with great exploration prospective. 相似文献
570.
After the earthquake (Ms = 6.1) occurred in Luquan county of Yunnan province on April 18, 1985, the relationship between major
earthquakes and astronomical time-latitude residuals (ATLR) of a photoelectric astrolabe in Yunnan Observatory was analyzed.
ATLR are the rest after deducting the effects of Earth’s whole motion from the observations of time and latitude. It was found
that there appeared the anomalies of the ATLR before earthquakes which happened in and around Yunnan, a seismic active region.
The reason of the anomalies is possibly from change of the plumb line due to the motion of the groundmass before earthquakes.
Afterwards, using studies of the anomalous characters and laws of ATLR, we tried to provide the warning information prior
to the occurrence of a few major earthquakes in the region. The significant synchronous anomalies of ATLR of the observatory
appeared before the earthquake of magnitude 6.2 in Dayao county of Yunnan province, on July 21, 2003. It has been again verified
that the anomalies possibly provide the prediction information for strong earthquakes around the observatory. 相似文献