塔里木盆地中央隆起带下奥陶统构造调整定量研究及其对油气成藏的影响

构造调整对油气藏起着重要的控制作用。采用定量方法研究构造调整强度及其对油气形成与调整的影响是对成藏研究定量化的有益探索。下奥陶统地层是塔里木中央隆起带的重要储层,具有统一的原始构造和沉积环境,而后期构造调整相差巨大,最终形成了塔中和巴楚地区在成藏及含油气性上的巨大差别,塔中为加里东晚期形成的古隆起,后期构造稳定,变动小;巴楚隆起经历了多期的构造变革和改造,一直到喜山期才最终定型。构造调整控制了烃源岩的发育和油气运移的方向,制约着油气藏的形成与改造,并最终决定了油气藏在时空上的分布。塔中隆起从加里东期开始到喜山期发生继承性成藏,油气兼聚,圈闭的发育制约油气藏的发现;巴楚则多为晚期成藏,聚气为主,喜山期形成的气藏是巴楚地区勘探的首选目标。     

Glacier changes from 1975 to 2016 in the Aksu River Basin,Central Tianshan Mountains

Journal of Geographical Sciences - In this study, we analyzed glacier changes in the Aksu River Basin during the period 1975–2016, based on Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+/OLI imagery analysis and the...     

Improving the Definition and Algorithms of China’s Coastline Considering the Diversity of Tidal Characteristics

Two commonly used definitions of coastline are compared and analyzed in this article. To build a more perfect digital tide-coordinated coastline model in China, we should first solve the problems of the existing definition and unclear algorithms of China’s coastline. On the basis of defining the coastline in China as the intersection of coastal land and the mean high water spring (MHWS), it should be further revised, and defined either as an intersection of coastal land and the MHWS or as a mean higher high water level (MHHWL) considering the diversity of tidal characteristics in China Sea areas. Since MHWS is related to the extreme of the lunar phase and MHHWL is related to the extreme of the angle of the lunar declination elevation, the algorithms to obtain them are more complicated than that of mean high water (MHW) used in the United States. We should consider the specific law of tidal movement in different tide types of the predominantly semidiurnal or diurnal sea areas in China when studying the precise algorithms for MHWS and MHHWL. Several experiments show that the difference between the two types of calculations of coastal height, such as water level observations and tidal predictions, is within centimeter level. The research results of this article have a certain reference value for countries with similar coastline features as in China.     

The Interaction of Population,Industry and Land in Process of Urbanization in China: A Case Study in Jilin Province

Urbanization is a complex process that covers a wide range of topics, of which population, industry and land urbanization are three important aspects. Jilin Province is an important agricultural province in China. The contradiction between population, industry and land urbanization is especially prominent here, and its coupling development is of great practical significance. In this paper, the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province in 1990, 2000 and 2010 is measured by coupling mode. The spatial pattern of the coupling degree is analyzed by trend surface analysis and global and local spatial autocorrelation. The influence factors and their spatial differentiation are discussed using multiple linear regression (MLR) model and geographic weighted regression (GWR) model. The results show that: 1) the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province is at a low level. Judging from the change of time scale, the urbanization of most research units is becoming more and more coordinated. From the comparison of spatial scales, there is significant spatial difference in the research units of different administrative levels. 2) Judging from the global change trend, the coupling degree of population-industry-land urbanization in the central region is higher than that in western and eastern regions. The coordination of urbanization in the central region is relatively good, and the distribution of the cold and hot spots is basically the same as that overall. 3) The spatial pattern of the coupling degree is related to the cold and hot spot distribution of the influence coefficient of urban population density and per capita urban construction land. The variation of the coupling degree spatial pattern is synchronous with the spatial change of the urban population density influence coefficient. 4) The degree of agglomeration of the urban population is the main factor promoting the coupling pattern of population-industry-land urbanization in Jilin Province, and the extent of its influence is gradually increasing. In addition, the level of city administrative, the efficiency of urban expansion and the capacity of market consumption also have an important influence on the coupling pattern.     

河西务断裂活动性的综合探测研究

河西务断裂为河西务构造带的东缘断裂,总体走向北东,倾向南东,向北延伸与廊固凹陷内的横向断层（桐柏断裂）小角度相接,向南延伸与牛东断裂相接,为廊固凹陷与武清凹陷的分界断裂,隐伏于冀中凹陷覆盖层之下。本文通过浅层地震勘探和钻孔联合剖面探测,结合年代样品测试,对河西务断裂的活动性和滑动速率进行了综合研究,揭示断裂上断点埋深约150m或以浅,第四系底界面的垂直错距为20—45m,断裂的最新活动时代为晚更新世早期,晚更新世以来的平均垂直滑动速率为0.03mm/a,中更新世晚期以来的平均垂直滑动速率为0.11mm/a。     

涉县地震活动特征及其构造背景

本文采用地质地貌调查、地震活动性分析和地质测年等方法,研究了涉县地区地震和构造的活动特征,并归纳总结涉县6. 0级地震发生的构造条件,即:(1)震中位于大型地震带与地震亚带交汇区,现今地震活动性仍然较高;(2)震区附近发育1条规模较大、活动性较高的控制山盆界限断裂-涉县断裂;(3)震中位于孤立的涉县断陷盆地区边缘,山盆新构造运动差异。     

An optimized method to transform the Cartesian to geodetic coordinates on a triaxial ellipsoid

Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica - A general triaxial ellipsoid is suitable to represent the reference surface of the celestial bodies. The transformation from the Cartesian to geodetic coordinates...     

近三百年来洪泽湖演变过程及其原因分析

洪泽湖是淮河水系中最重要的湖泊之一,是我国的第四大淡水湖,它在防洪、灌溉、航运、跨流域调水以及水资源与水环境保护等方面发挥着重要作用.过去300年来,由于黄淮关系的演变和人类活动的影响,洪泽湖水域面积发生剧烈变化.研究湖泊水域空间变化有助于认识流域环境变化与人类活动影响.本文利用18世纪初以来的古地图、历史文献资料及1981-2016年期间的7期遥感影像数据,采用遥感和地理信息系统技术相结合的方法,分析了近300年来洪泽湖水域时空演变过程及其原因.研究结果表明：过去300年来,洪泽湖面积总体呈减少趋势,年际缩减速率为0.17%,且湖域范围总体表现为由四周向中心缩小的趋势,其中西南湖域的形态变化最为显著.具体而言,清中期以前,黄河多次夺泗入淮,洪泽湖面积变化受黄淮关系、高家堰等水利枢纽的修建以及降水等因素影响.至清末,洪泽湖面积由3078.78 km²下降至2335.73 km²,共减少743.05 km²,其空间形态也发生了剧烈变化,该时期黄河改道、降水以及人口增长导致的湖滨围垦是影响洪泽湖演变的主要原因.建国以来（1949-2016年）,洪泽湖面积进一步缩小,由1757.60 km²下降至1488.43 km²,共减少了269.17 km²,其中1995-2000年间湖泊面积下降最为显著,共减少了281.43 km²,湖泊动态变化度达到2.78%,该时期自然因素对湖泊水域面积的影响减弱,而人口增长、围垦及水利工程的修建等人类活动逐渐成为影响洪泽湖演化的主导因素.     

2016年尚义M_S 4.0地震震害特征及发震构造分析

阐述张家口市尚义M_S 4.0地震构造背景、地震活动特征,总结地震应急调查成果,介绍极震区震感现象和分布范围。通过对地震现场调查点和电话调查点的烈度评定,确定极震区的影响烈度为Ⅴ度,圈定地震等烈度分布区域,同时修正观测仪器震中位置。结合本次地震的宏观烈度分布、震源机制和震区卫星影像的线性构造解释等资料,讨论本次地震的孕震构造和发震断层。     

东昆仑南带中元古代晚期-新元古代早期叠层石组合的发现

东昆仑南带加嗡门地区碳酸盐岩地层中发现的中元古代晚期-新元古代早期叠层石组合以大型锥叠层石及其相关的分子Conophyton garganicus var. inkeni,C. cf. ressoti Menchikov, Jacutophyton f. 和Conicodomenia cf. longotenuia等最丰富, 并与Baicalia共生, 故可视之为Conophyton-Baicalia组合.这叠层石组合可以与天山、华北等地蓟县系中部-青白口系中部叠层石组合对比,尤其酷似于天山地区蓟县系的爱尔基干组合和华北蓟县系的闪坡岭叠层石组合,而显著有别于华南地块.它还可以与南乌拉尔、西伯利亚、北美、北非和阿拉斯加半岛等地区的中里菲界上部--上里菲界下部层位中的叠层石组合对比.加嗡门叠层石组合的时限为距今1 300～850 Ma,大致为蓟县纪中期-青白口纪中期或中里菲晚期-晚里菲早期.东昆仑南带存在前寒武纪微地块,当时此微地块的古地理和古环境与天山、华北、西伯利亚和阿拉斯加半岛等地区的前寒武纪地块相似,均位于低纬度区,其上均广泛发育适宜叠层石繁育的温暖陆表海,它们可能共同处于罗迪尼亚超大陆的低纬度大陆边缘部位,与华南地块的不同.这对本区和东昆仑地层和大地构造研究,以及对罗迪尼亚超大陆重建提供了新的古生物约束.