答《关于深海锰结核中“纳米级超微生物化石”的思考和建议》一文

本文详细讨论了东太平洋深海锰矿结核中新发现的中华微放线菌和太平洋螺球孢菌究竟是不是超微结构，首先，它们是笔者根据形态，结构和元素成分作为超微生物化石进行鉴定的，其次，透射电子显微镜中可以清楚地区分出完整的微生物结构，包括菌丝，孢子，孢囊和菌落等，它们之间的尺寸比例也是适当的，此外，透射电子显微像还揭示，深海锰质叠层石的纹层就是这些超微生物韵律性生长的结果，与滨海叠层中的纹层十分相似，笔者认为，已知微生物的最小尺寸不能作为否定新发现的超微生物化石的依据。本文还讨论了超微生物化石的术语问题。     

基于GIS的城市雨水管网优化设计模型研究

研究了ＧＩＳ技术在城市雨水管网设计中的应用问题，建立了雨水管网设计的相关模型，重点分析了两类直接影响雨水管网工程的计算模型——水力优化计算与指标再优化模型     

地形校正中央区求积公式

利用非奇变换首先将地形校正奇异积分非奇异，其次利用ＮｅｗｔｏｎＣｏｔｅｓ积分，本文推导了几组适用于地形校正中央区积分的求积公式。     

GIS环境下污水管网设计流量的快速计算

针对ＧＩＳ环境下污水管网设计问题，提出了一种快速计算管段设计流量的方法——递归方法。分析了递归的原理、链式表的建立以及递归算法的具体实现等，并以实例阐述了递归计算的各个步骤     

近地面层中湍流热通量和长波辐射通量相互作用的数值研究

本文详细讨论了在稳定层结条件下,近地面层内有各种典型的气象要素分布及下垫面状况时,长波辐射通量与湍流热通量之间的相互关系问题.结果表明:长波辐射通量对近地面层的热力结构有相当大的影响,它常常减弱了常值湍流热通量层的厚度.在弱风和层结稳定度较大的情况下,“常值湍流热通量层”将很薄,有时甚至难以存在.     

Recurrence anomaly of ground water behavior before strong earthquakes in North China

By analyzing the relationship between ground water behavior and strong seismic activity during the past more than 20 years in North China, we have found similar water level descending variation of a part of wells in the short-term stage before several strong earthquakes. The characteristics of anomaly are: at the beginning, water level dropped abruptly or accelerated to drop; then it turned to slow rising with a smaller amplitude than that of descending; earthquakes occurred during the slow-rising process of water level, and at that time or before earthquake occurrence, water level rose with a large amplitude. Among more than 100 wells in North China, the descending anomalies were not recorded for many times, but similar variation processes of water level were noted at different wells before several strong earthquakes, which proves that seismic precursory anomalies of ground water are of certain recurrence features, occurring repeatedly before different strong earthquakes. Therefore, it is necessary to study the genesis of this type of anomaly and its relationship with strong seismic activity. Foundation item: Key project of Ministry of Science and Technology during the Tenth Five-year Plan (2001BA601B 01-01-01).     

用于JATC的GPS CV时间比对中的数据处理

GPS CV(共视)时间传递技术将在重建的我国的综合原子时(JATC)系统中起重要作用。介绍了GPSCV时间比对中共视数据的选取和消除观测数据中的随机噪声的方法，对GPS共视时间比对中的电离层时延改正和几何时延改正方法作了阐述，给出了对NTSC(中国科学院国家授时中心)与CRL(日本通信研究所，现已更名为国家信息和通信技术研究院(NICT))两个时间实验室之间的共视比对数据的计算结果。     

南极半岛地区气温与南极海冰涛动、ENSO的联系

使用南极半岛Orcadas等台站的气温多年观测资料 ,分析了南极半岛气温和周围海冰以及ENSO的初步联系。结果表明 ,南极半岛地区的气温变化可以反映南极海冰涛动的变化特征 :气温距平和南极半岛附近海冰距平存在密切的负相关 ,和罗斯海外围区域的海冰距平存在正相关关系 ,能够较好地反映出南极半岛气温与南极海冰涛动以及ENSO之间的紧密联系。当南极半岛地区气温偏低 (高 )时 ,南极半岛周围海冰偏多 (少 ) ,罗斯海外围海冰偏少 (多 ) ,赤道中东太平洋海温偏高 (低 ) ,可能出现ElNino(LaNina)。另外 ,南极半岛当年 1 0月的气温距平对预测次年 1月的Nino3区海温异常具有重要参考价值     

Measurements Of Turbulence Transfer In The Near-Surface Layer Over The Southeastern Tibetan Plateau

Turbulent flux measurements at Qamdo site over the Tibetan Plateau during TIPEX from May 18 to June 30, 1998 are presented. Sensible heat dominated,accounting for about 66% of the available energy (the sum of net radiation and soil heat flux) prior to the monsoon(dry period), reducing to about 31%, with latent heat increased to about 56% of available energy,in the monsoon season (wet period). Surface energy budget closure on average was about 0.80 (0.85)prior to the monsoon and 0.89 (0.76) during the monsoon using eddy correlation (profile) methods. The sum of latent and sensible heat fluxes calculated from the flux-profilemethod was smaller by about 15% than that from eddy correlation. Martano's method is used toestimate the surface aerodynamic roughness length z₀ and zero plane displacement d from singlelevel sonic anemometer data, giving d = 0.12 m and z₀ = 0.08 m. The overall neutral dragcoefficient (C_DN) and scalar coefficient (C_HN) were found to be C_DN = 0.0055and C_HN = 0.0059 in the southeastern area of Tibet. Their variations with the mean wind speed at 10 m are discussed.     

遗传BP网络在地震和爆破识别中的应用

将遗传算法(GA)和反向传播算法(BP算法)相结合成为GA-BP算法，以此建立了遗传BP神经网络．并将以BP算法为基础的BP神经网络及以GA-BP算法为基础的遗传BP神经网络用于对地震和爆破的识别中．得到的结果表明:遗传BP网络比BP网络对事件的识别能力略好些．