淮北平原小麦和大豆生长条件下潜水蒸发实验模拟

利用五道沟水文实验站62套原状土蒸渗仪1991～2015年长系列实验资料,采用非线性拟合方法,模拟了砂姜黑土和黄潮土冬小麦和夏大豆各生育期潜水蒸发随埋深变化的规律。通过多种线型拟合,砂姜黑土两种作物潜水蒸发量随埋深的增大而递减,均呈指数函数关系;黄潮土小麦在返青前和大豆出苗-分枝期,潜水蒸发量随埋深的增大而递减,呈指数函数关系,小麦返青期以后和大豆分枝期后,潜水蒸发量在0.5～0.8m埋深区间达到最大值,在0.5～0.8m区间以浅随埋深增大而增大,在0.5～0.8m区间以深随埋深增大而减小,呈复合函数关系。     

渝东南深部地热温度解析

热储温度是划分地热系统成因类型和评价地热资源潜力的重要参数。文章在采集分析渝东南13个地热水样的基础上,利用无蒸汽损失石英和有蒸汽损失石英温标法、玉髓法a和玉髓法b,修正的SiO2温标法,K-Mg、Na-Li、Na-K、Na-K-Ca等阳离子温标法计算渝东南深部热储温度,并利用Na-K-Mg三角图解法和矿物饱和指数法检验所用方法的可靠性,结果表明:研究区利用SiO2(无蒸汽损失)温标法和修正后的SiO2温标法计算所得出的热储平均温度更适用,各地热水点热储温度范围在62.78~124.81℃,平均热储温度88.98℃。      

四川盆地北部早白垩世剑门关组泥质岩地球化学特征及其地质意义

早白垩世剑门关组是研究四川盆地北部沉积环境演化的良好地层,对该地层开展系统的地球化学研究,对探讨四川盆地北部早白垩世剑门关组物源区性质、构造背景、古风化作用及古环境具有重要意义。系统分析了剑门关组泥质岩主量、微量和稀土元素地球化学特征,发现早白垩世剑门关组泥质岩富CaO、MgO,贫Al_2O_3、Fe_2O_3、K_2O、Na_2O、TiO_2、P_2O_5、MnO,富Cr、Cs、V,贫Sr、Nb、U、Hf,稀土元素总量为(164.96～234.35)×10^-6,轻、重稀土元素比值为11.77～15.87,轻、重稀土元素分馏程度高,轻稀土元素相对富集,具弱的正Eu异常。综合分析认为:剑门关组为同一物源的近物源再旋回沉积岩;源岩为沉积岩,可能富含斜长石、重晶石等富Eu矿物;源岩在沉积前经历了中等程度的化学风化作用,并发生了钾交代作用;剑门关组沉积期为温暖、湿润的气候,物源区具有由活动大陆边缘向大陆岛弧转化的特征。     

川西北马脑壳金矿床流体相分离作用及其成矿意义

马脑壳金矿床是近年来在川西北地区发现的一大型微细浸染型矿床。本文通过对流体包裹体系统研究，指出了石英-(白钨矿)-辉锑矿脉型金矿化阶段成矿流体曾发生过较强的相分离作用，并运用热力学原理探讨了流体相分离机制下金的沉淀成矿机理，提出了微细浸染型金矿床形成过程中流体相分离作用与成矿的关系。     

Spatial distribution of sandy desertification change in the west of Jilin Province

The sandy land of the western part of Jilin Province is located in the ecotone of semi-humid and semi-arid area in the temperate zone of China. The sandy desertification has widely spread in the region because of the vulnerable natural conditions and the unreasonable human activity; as a result of this, the precious land resources and the economic development in the area have been seriously impacted. In this paper, the sandy land ecologic environment geographic information system is established based on the multi-spectral, multi-temporal Landsat TM images and field investigation. The comprehensive indexes of sandy desertification extent assessment which include vegetation degradation, wind erosion extent and soil depth are presented to classify the sandy land in western Jilin into three levels--slight, moderate and severe sandy desertification with the support of GIS platform. The results demonstrate that the sandy desertification has been partly controlled in the past twenty years, except some small sites. However, this doesn't necessarily mean that there is nothing for more concern. The two main causes of sandy desertification have not been eliminated yet, one is its natural factor, especially the physical and chemical characters of sandy soil and dry climate; another is the immoderate economic activity of human being that has highly accelerated the sandy desertification process.     

古交镇矾石沟崩塌分析

地质灾害的形成严重制约了地方经济的发展，灾害形成机理研究可为其治理提供可靠的科学依据，阐述矾石沟崩塌灾害特点，探讨其形成机理及防治措施。     

巴东长江大桥地质环境与岩土工程问题研究

巴东长江大桥是连接209国道的特大型公路大桥，地处长江三峡地质条件最复杂的地区，桥位区滑坡崩塌较发育。为确保大桥安全稳定并为设计提供科学依据，采用结构面网络模拟技术进行了岩体结构模拟，应用弹塑性有限元法及块体极限平衡法，对桥位存在的桥台斜坡和桥墩基础地基稳定性等岩土工程问题进行了系统的分析论述。同时，对断裂破碎岩体及风化岩体、滑坡对大桥的影响进行了分析。在此基础上提出了桥墩基础形式、桩基深度、持力层及承载力和桥台斜坡治理的建议。     

Preface to Special Topic on Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Measurement and Application in China

正China initiated a national carbon trading market in December 2017.Commitments and actions to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions require consistent,reliable and timely information on GHG emissions.GHG monitoring and modeling studies provide GHG emission estimates to evaluate and guide progress towards emission reductions.GHG monitoring has mainly focused on global-scale background networks over the last few decades,while recent efforts have been made on regional and urban scales,such as projects in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei city cluster,in Paris,Washington-Baltimore,Indi-     

胜利油田埕北30潜山裂缝系统的地应力有限元法分析

埕北30潜山带以古生界的碳酸盐岩和太古界的变质岩为主要储层，构造裂缝是主要的油气储集空间，尤其是对于太古界的变质岩来说，裂缝发育是研究区内油气聚集的主要标志，该文采用有限元方法对埕北古生界顶面的古构造应力场进行了反演，按应力性质进行了区带划分，预测了储层有利区块，预测结果应用于井位部署，取得了很好的效果。