天津市地震前兆台网的运行监控与维护管理

介绍天津市地震前兆台网的基本概况以及前兆台网部的职责任务;阐述仪器设备运行监控、观测数据质量监控的方式与方法;总结在仪器设备、技术系统维护过程中解决的一些关键技术问题;最后提出了关于仪器和软件系统的一些问题与建议。     

Rehabilitation and Sustainable Use Pattern of Rocky-desertified Land in Southwest China＇s Poverty-stricken Karst Mountainous Areas ——A Case Study in Benggu Township, Xichou County, Yunnan, China

The rocky desert in a karst area directly causes the lack of soil, water and forest, hence leading to the poverty there. In 1990, the villagers from the Muzhe Village in Benggu Township, Xichou County, Yunnan declared a war against rocky desert in an attempt to ask the fields for more yields. They invented a distinctive land rehabilitation and sustainable use pattern called ＂transforming heaven and earth＂ that had been practiced in Southwest China＇s karst areas. The key mechanism of the pattern was to develop terraced fields with well conserved soil, water and fertility by exploding rocks in the fields, building stone walls, gathering more soil, and improving soil quality and productivity for the fields in combination with building of irrigation facilities and roads, as well as with forestation and agriculture structure adjustment. The purpose of the pattern was to alleviate poverty in the karst areas by improving soil productivity and promoting agricultural development. A typical area was studied with the help of Participatory Rural Appraisal （PRA） and the pattern was carried out there for fifteen years, have produced excellent ecological benefits and good economic benefits. Its application in the area approved that it was a sustainable land use pattern for rocky desert areas.     

两种方法提取肠浒苔挥发油成分的比较研究

本研究分别采用水蒸气蒸馏法(SD)和溶剂提取法(SE)提取肠浒苔(Ulva intestinalis)的挥发油,通过GC-MS技术对其进行化学成分分析,以峰面积归一法对各成分进行相对定量.结果显示,SD法对肠浒苔挥发油的提取率(0. 038%)低于SE法(0. 800%). SD法所获得的肠浒苔挥发油共鉴定出46种成分,占挥发油总成分的81. 63%,SE法所获得的挥发油共鉴定出30种成分,占挥发油总成分的94. 89%,两者相同成分21种,主要成分均为烃类和醛类物质. SD样品中十五醛的相对含量最高(18. 12%),SE样品中8-十八烷烯的相对含量最高(51. 49%).     

凸起凹陷构造控矿及找矿探讨——以泰安市区为例

在泰安市所辖6个县市区范围内,分布着以铁、金等为主的金属矿产和以煤、石膏等为主的非金属矿产。两类矿产分别赋存于呈近SN向相间排列的5个凸起和5个凹陷构造中,铁、金等矿赋存于凸起,煤、石膏等矿赋存于凹陷。对凸起构造特征分析认为,南北方向相邻的凸起、凹陷构造本是一体,凹陷深部与凸起有相似的地质条件,相似类比理论为地质找矿工作提供了空间,应树立综合找矿和缺位找矿的思想,整合矿业权,实行整装统筹勘查。     

柳珊瑚分子系统发育学的研究进展

珊瑚分子系统发育学研究始于90年代初,用于柳珊瑚分子系统学研究的主要分子标记是线粒体DNA和核糖体RNA。本文在重点介绍了柳珊瑚种群遗传多样性和柳珊瑚种上阶元系统发育学两方面的研究进展和所取得研究成果的同时,也讨论了珊瑚虫纲的系统发生关系。最后在简单引述了柳珊瑚分子系统发育学同传统形态分类学方法之间关系的同时,也对柳珊瑚分子系统发育学今后的重点研究方向做了预测。     

中国海岸风成沙ESR测年的研究

介绍ＥＳＲ测年的基本原理，并讨论风成沙Ｇｅ心测年的可行性、风成沙Ｅ＇心的特征、测年误差及可靠性等问题。１９９２－１９９３年在渤、黄、东、南海沿岸采集的１００余个风成沙样品ＥＳＲ测年实验表明，绝大部分海岸风成沙的年龄为１－７万年。     

中等排放情景下中国未来不同强度降雨对总降雨贡献的区域差异（2006―2100年）

采用RCP6.0中等排放情景下2006―2100年WRF 30 km×30 km日值降雨数据,根据中国气象局颁布的降雨强度等级划分标准,探究了中国不同强度降雨及其对总降雨贡献的变化趋势的空间差异特征。结果表明：1）在雨量上,中等排放情景下2006―2100年中国不同强度降雨呈现出不同的空间分异格局。小雨和中雨自东北向西南呈“高―低―高”的三块式空间分布特征;大雨、暴雨、大暴雨和总暴雨均呈“东南高,西北低”的分异格局;特大暴雨仅东南沿海的部分地区分布较多;总降雨呈“南方高,北方次之,西北低”的空间分异格局。2）在雨量贡献率上,强降雨对总降雨的贡献率普遍存在“东南高,西北低”特征,而弱降雨对总降雨的贡献率恰恰相反;不同强度暴雨对总暴雨的贡献率也有类似分布特征。3）在雨量变化趋势上,中国不同强度降雨变化趋势呈现出不同的空间分异格局,但强降雨呈增加趋势的区域显著多于呈减少趋势的区域。4）在雨量贡献率变化趋势上,强（弱）降雨对总降雨的贡献率呈增加（减少）趋势的区域占主导,强降雨对总降雨的贡献率呈增加趋势的地区明显多于弱降雨。5）在不同强度暴雨对总暴雨贡献率的变化趋势上,大暴雨和特大暴雨对总暴雨的贡献率呈增加趋势的区域明显多于暴雨。预估结果表明,中国东部降雨在朝着极端化方向发展。     

Unraveling the multi-scalar residential segregation and socio-spatial differentiation in China: A comparative study based on Nanjing and Hangzhou

Residential segregation is a dual process of socio-spatial differentiation in residents and spatio-temporal heterogeneity in dwelling.However,most of the existing studies are es-tablished from the single perspective of urban residents based on demographic data,which is difficult to reveal the dynamics and complex spatial reconstruction within and between cities.With the characteristics of both stability and timeliness,the rapidly changing housing market is one of the processes and results of socio-spatial reconfiguration,and it is undoubtedly a better lens to observe residential segregation.This paper adopts methods such as multi-group segregation index,multi-scalar segregation profiles,and decomposition of segregation index,with Nanjing and Hangzhou as case cities,and establishes multi-scalar segregation profiles and comparative models based on three geographical scales of census tract,block and grid,and different residential types.A quantitative study was conducted on the degree and pattern of multi-scalar residential segregation in Nanjing and Hangzhou from 2009 to 2018.The pa-per found that the spatial segregation index is an improvement of the non-spatial segregation index.There are differences between Nanjing and Hangzhou in the evolution process of residential segregation.Nanjing has a higher degree of spatial differentiation as a whole,among which spatial components have a more significant impact.     

深水声学拖曳系统

介绍了我国自主设计和研制的深水声学拖曳系统,它的最大工作水深4000m,安装有高分辨率测深侧扫声纳,可在近海底工作获得高分辨率的海底地形地貌和温盐深等数据.它的测深覆盖范围600m,侧扫覆盖范围800m,垂直航迹分辨率5cm,最小可检测高度10cm,测深分辨率高于目前的多波束测深系统.该系统已进行了湖试和海上锚泊试验.该系统的研制成功将对开展大陆架勘查,探测和开发国际海底资源发挥重要作用,拖曳系统中高分辨率测深侧扫声纳还可装船安装,在大陆架水域进行高分辨率海底地形地貌测绘.     

产新琼四糖的海洋微泡菌属AG1热稳定性β-琼胶酶的过量表达与鉴定

从微泡菌属AG1（Microbulbifer sp. AG1）克隆得到1302 bp大小的琼胶酶基因,该基因编码产物为一个成熟蛋白（413个氨基酸残基）外加一个信号肽（20个残基）。将不含信号肽片段的琼胶酶在E. coli BL21 （DE3）中进行了异源表达和纯化。使用琼脂糖作为底物,该重组琼胶酶的最适反应温度和pH分别为60℃和7.5。该重组酶表现出优良的热稳定性,在50℃和60℃下处理1 h,重组琼胶酶仍能分别保持67%和19%的残余酶活力。除了SDS,重组琼胶酶对于其他测试的抑制剂、去垢剂和尿素变性剂有着较好的抗性。利用薄层色谱和以对硝基苯-α/β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷为底物的酶活力分析结果表明,该重组琼胶酶为β型琼胶酶,它水解琼脂糖的主要终产物为新琼四糖,而且不同聚合度的酶解产物具有抗氧化活性。