射电脉冲星的偏振特性与逆康普顿散射（ICS）模型

大量射电脉冲星的偏振观测－包括红偏振和圆偏振，个别脉冲的生直偏振模式，累积脉冲的消偏振现象等－为辐射区的物理状态和辐射提供了非常确切的观测事实，但现有理论对大从观测事实尚无法给出完整的说明，综述了脉冲星的偏振观测特征，并利用逆康谱顿散射模型对这些特性进行了解释。     

Habitable zones and UV habitable zones around host stars

Ultraviolet radiation is a double-edged sword to life. If it is too strong, the terrestrial biological systems will be damaged. And if it is too weak, the synthesis of many biochemical compounds cannot go along. We try to obtain the continuous ultraviolet habitable zones, and compare the ultraviolet habitable zones with the habitable zones of host stars. Using the boundary ultraviolet radiation of ultraviolet habitable zone, we calculate the ultraviolet habitable zones of host stars with masses from 0.08 to 4.00 M _⊙. For the host stars with effective temperatures lower than 4,600 K, the ultraviolet habitable zones are closer than the habitable zones. For the host stars with effective temperatures higher than 7,137 K, the ultraviolet habitable zones are farther than the habitable zones. For a hot subdwarf as a host star, the distance of the ultraviolet habitable zone is about ten times more than that of the habitable zone, which is not suitable for the existence of life.     

Coupled convection and tidal dissipation in Europa’s ice shell

We performed 2D numerical simulations of oscillatory tidal flexing to study the interrelationship between tidal dissipation (calculated using the Maxwell model) and a heterogeneous temperature structure in Europa’s ice shell. Our 2D simulations show that, if the temperature is spatially uniform, the tidal dissipation rate peaks when the Maxwell time is close to the tidal period, consistent with previous studies. The tidal dissipation rate in a convective plume encased in a different background temperature depends on both the plume and background temperature. At a fixed background temperature, the dissipation increases strongly with plume temperature at low temperatures, peaks, and then decreases with temperature near the melting point when a melting-temperature viscosity of 10¹³ Pa s is used; however, the peak occurs at significantly higher temperature in this heterogeneous case than in a homogeneous medium for equivalent rheology. For constant plume temperature, the dissipation rate in a plume decreases as the surrounding temperature increases; plumes that are warmer than their surroundings can exhibit enhanced heating not only relative to their surroundings but relative to the Maxwell-model prediction for a homogeneous medium at the plume temperature. These results have important implications for thermal feedbacks in Europa’s ice shell.To self-consistently determine how convection interacts with tidal heating that is correctly calculated from the time-evolving heterogeneous temperature field, we coupled viscoelastic simulations of oscillatory tidal flexing (using Tekton) to long-term simulations of the convective evolution (using ConMan). Our simulations show that the tidal dissipation rate resulting from heterogeneous temperature can have a strong impact on thermal convection in Europa’s ice shell. Temperatures within upwelling plumes are greatly enhanced and can reach the melting temperature under plausible tidal-flexing amplitude for Europa. A pre-existing fracture zone (at least 6 km deep) promotes the concentration of tidal dissipation (up to ∼20 times more than that in the surroundings), leading to lithospheric thinning. This supports the idea that spatially variable tidal dissipation could lead locally to high temperatures, partial melting, and play an important role in the formation of ridges, chaos, or other features.     

浅析企业经济责任审计的难点与对策

领导干部任期经济责任审计,是审计机关接受干部管理部门委托,依据国家法律、法规,对党政机关、人民团体、事业单位的党政领导干部或企业领导人员任职期间经济责任履行情况进行的监督、评价和鉴证的活动。1986年底,审计署指定下发了《关于开展厂长离任审计工作几个问题的通知》,对厂长(经理)离任审计的范围、内容、程序和要求作了原则规定,为全面开展企业经济责任审计奠定了基础。实践证明,这项工作的开展,对加快企业经济体制改革、维护财经纪律、保证财产安全、强化干部监督、促进廉政建设等都起到了重要作用。同时,经济责任审计也存在一些…     

四川省小麦条锈病春季流行的农业气候风险区划

针对当前从气象风险角度开展小麦条锈病与气象关系研究甚少的状况,从农业气象灾害风险分析理论出发,采用相关分析、层次分析和极差正规化等方法,建立了包含气候条件和寄主存在数量两个环境因子的四川省小麦条锈病春季流行农业气候风险模型,并划分了高、中、低风险等级的指标.在此基础上,利用GIS技术对四川省小麦条锈病春季流行的农业气候风险进行了区划.结果表明,四川省的川西高原地区、川西南山地和盆地西南部是小麦条锈病春季流行低风险区,盆地大部地区是中、高风险的集中区.区划结果为进一步做好四川省小麦条锈病的分区预报和综合防治方面提供科学依据.     

GPS气象预报的可行性分析

基于中国区域5个IGS跟踪站的实测GPS数据,利用Bernese 4.2软件反演了部分典型测站上空的可降水量,并分析了该降水量变化与降雨之间的关系,探讨了将GPS应用于气象预报的可行性.     

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Identification of paralytic shellfish toxin-producing microalgae using machine learning and deep learning methods

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) microalgae, as one of the harmful algal blooms, causes great damage to the offshore fishery, marine culture, and marine...     

岩溶水型水源地保护区划分方法研究——以济南市曹楼水源地为例

对地下水水源地进行保护区划分将提高地下水的安全保障程度。岩溶水型水源地由于含水层的非均质、各向异性的特点,难以合理准确的划分水源地保护区。以济南市曹楼水源地为研究对象,在充分收集和分析水源地水文水质、地形地貌等资料的基础上,采用组合法划定水源地保护区,结合地形地质条件对保护区范围进行修正,保护水源地免受污染。利用组合法划分的水源地保护区加强了对上游补给区,尤其是地下水主径流带的保护,划分结果更符合实际。利用该方法能提高对水源地主要补给区的保护,保障地下水的可持续开发利用,为水源地的保护提供科学的依据和参考。