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301.
302.
P. A. BLAND M. R. LEE A. S. SEXTON I. A. FRANCHI A. E. T. FALLICK M. F. MILLER J. M. CADOGAN F. J. BERRY C. T. PILLINGER 《Meteoritics & planetary science》2000,35(6):1387-1395
Abstract— Primitive meteorites exhibit certain features that are consistent with aqueous and thermal alteration on asteroids, but O‐isotopic analyses show only a modest heavy‐isotope shift, interpreted as indicating modification in the nebula. To understand the isotopic effects of asteroidal alteration, we take the L‐group ordinary chondrites weathered in Antarctica as an analogue. The data show that alteration is a two‐stage process, with an initial phase producing only a negligible isotopic effect. Although surprising, a possible explanation is found when we consider the alteration of terrestrial silicates. Numerous studies report pervasive development of channels a few to a few tens of nanometer wide in the incipient alteration of silicates. We observe a similar texture. Alteration involves a restructuring of clay minerals along these narrow channels, in which access of water is restricted. The clay shows a topotactic relationship to the primary grain, which suggests either epitaxial growth of the clay using the silicate as a substrate or inheritance of the original O structure by the clay. Our data suggests the latter: with extensive inheritance of structural polymers by the weathering product, the bulk O‐isotopic composition is comparatively unaffected. This offers an explanation for the lack of an isotopic effect in the weathering of the L chondrites. If substantial modification of chondritic materials may occur without a pronounced isotopic effect, it also reconciles existing O analyses of CV chondrites with an asteroidal model of aqueous alteration. 相似文献
303.
Abstract— Microtektites from two deep‐sea cores in the South China Sea and the West Philippine Sea are identified as belonging to the Australasian tektite strewn field based on the morphology, chronostratigraphic occurrence, and geographical location of these microtektites. The higher concentrations of microtektites (>1000/cm2) in the marginal seas of the western Pacific, with the peak concentration in the South China Sea, support the hypothesis of a large impact crater in Indochina. These two new occurrences lead to a more precise dating of the impact event at 793 ka, whereas the size of the Australasian source crater on the Indochina Peninsula is estimated to be 90–116 km. 相似文献
304.
Xin JIA Harry F.LEE Mengchun CUI Guoquan CHENG Yang ZHAO Hong DING Ricci P.H.YUE Huayu LU 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2019,(2)
The people of the Tibetan Plateau have received extensive attention from scholars because of their unique adaptability to the low temperature and anoxic environments. However, the Tibetan communities and their habitats in the low-altitude regions of the plateau have rarely been studied in a scientific manner. Based on the extraction of geographic information of 197 towns in the Hehuang Valley and on variance analysis, this study examines the habitats and subsistence strategies of the Tibetans and other major ethnic groups in the low-latitude region of the Tibetan Plateau. Our statistical results show that the annual average temperature of Tibetan habitats in the Hehuang Valley is relatively high. The relatively warm environment of the valley allows the Tibetans in that area to cultivate wheat and barley and raise cattle and sheep—a subsistence strategy significantly different from that of other Tibetans in the high-altitude regions in the Tibetan Plateau. In addition, the Tibetan communities in the Hehuang Valley include similar agri-pastoral ethnic groups (including Hui and Salar), both of which adopt similar subsistence strategies. The agricultural ethnic groups (Han and Tu) live in a relatively cool and humid environment facilitating agricultural production, while the agri-pastoral ethnic groups (Tibetan, Hui, and Salar) inhabit relatively warm and arid environment in the valley. Due to the lack of agricultural activities, agri-pastoral groups must also engage in animal husbandry to supplement their diet. In the Ando Tibetan region, the subsistence strategies of the ethnic groups are closely related to their physical environment.Those ethnic groups communicate among themselves, integrate, and influence each other, resulting in a diversified culture. This study proves that the habitat variation at a regional scale corresponds significantly to the variation of subsistence strategies. Our findings may further refine knowledge about the human-environmental relationships of Tibetans and lead future research towards using quantitative methods to analyse the intersection of physical environment and ethnic groups' distribution. 相似文献
305.
306.
Experiments are carried out to study the characteristics of active bubbles entrained by breaking waves as these propagate over an abruptly topographical change or a submerged breakwater. Underwater sounds generated by the entrained air bubbles are detected by a hydrophone connected to a charge amplifier and a data acquisition system. The size distribution of the bubbles is then determined inversely from the received sound frequencies. The sound signals are converted from time domain to time-frequency domain by applying Gabor transform. The number of bubbles with different sizes are counted from the signal peaks in the time-frequency domain. The characteristics of the bubbles are in terms of bubble size spectra, which account for the variation in bubble probability density related to the bubble radius r. The experimental data demonstrate that the bubble probability density function shows a-2.39 power-law scaling with radius for r>0.8 mm, and a-1.11 power law for r<0.8 mm. 相似文献
307.
PARK Mirye PARK So Yun HWANG Jinik JUNG Seung Won LEE Juyun CHANG Man LEE Taek-Kyun 《海洋学报(英文版)》2018,37(5):107-112
Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that function as primary producers in aquatic ecosystems. Some species of microalgae undergo rapid growth and cause harmful blooms in marine ecosystems. Heterocapsa triquetra is one of the most common bloom-forming species in estuarine and coastal waters worldwide. Although this species does not produce toxins, unlike some other Heterocapsa species, the high density of its blooms can cause significant ecological damage. We developed a H. triquetra species-specific nuclease protection assay sandwich hybridization (NPA-SH) probe that targets the large subunit of ribosomal RNA (LSU rRNA). We tested probe specificity and sensitivity with five other dinoflagellates that also cause red tides. Our assay detected H. triquetra at a concentration of 1.5×104 cells/mL, more sensitive than required for a red-tide guidance warning by the Korea Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries in 2015 (3.0×104 cells/mL). We also used the NPA-SH assay to monitor H. triquetra in the Tongyeong region of the southern sea area of Korea during 2014. This method could detect H. triquetra cells within 3 h. Our assay is useful for monitoring H. triquetra under field conditions. 相似文献
308.
CCSD主孔高Ti榴辉岩非耦合的高Ti、低Nb(Zr)特征:对玄武质岩浆房中磁铁矿分离结晶作用的指示 总被引:7,自引:7,他引:7
利用XRF和HR-ICP-MS对中国大陆科学钻探工程(CCSD)主孔<700m深度高Ti榴辉岩进行了准确分析研究。结果表明高Ti榴辉岩以TFeO和Eu异常之间的相关性及非耦合的高TiO2(2.4-5.7%)、低Nb(<5.5μg/g)和Zr(<98μg/g)为特征。而且,这些榴辉岩的TiO2、V和TFeO之间正相关。高场强元素(Ti、Nb、Zr等)在不同矿物和玄武岩/安山岩熔体之间的分配系数研究表明,高Ti和低Nb、Zr之间的非耦合变化必须有磁铁矿结晶作用的参与才能够出现。斜长石的密度(p=2.61-2.76g/cm3)低于正常玄武岩熔体(p=2.8-3.0g/cm3),因此玄武岩岩浆房中结晶出的斜长石在岩浆演化早期不会和熔体分离而形成堆晶岩。磁铁矿的密度(p=5.1-5.2g/cm3)远远高于玄武岩熔体。磁铁矿的结晶分离会显著降低玄武岩熔体的局部密度而诱发斜长石晶体分离下沉并形成富集斜长石的高Fe堆晶岩。这种机制很好地解释了高Ti榴辉岩所具有的TFeO和Eu异常之间的相关性及非耦合的高TiO2(2.4-5.7%)、低Nb(<5.5μg/g)和Zr(<98μg/g)特征。本文研究表明在CCSD中的高Ti榴辉岩原岩应是由同一玄武岩岩浆房中富磁铁矿结晶作用形成的堆晶岩。高Ti榴辉岩的Ti矿化本质上源于磁铁矿结晶作用,而与其经历的超高压变质作用无关。 相似文献
309.
A 24-h simulation with the Advanced Regional Prediction System (ARPS) nonhydrostatic model is performed for the heavy snowfall event of 3–4 February 1998 along the eastern coast of Korean Peninsula; the results are used to understand the snowfall process, including why the precipitation maxima formed along the Yeongdong coastal region rather than over the mountain slope and ridge top during. The numerical simulation with a 4-km horizontal grid spacing and 43 levels reproduces very well the narrow snowband located off the eastern Korean coast, away from, instead of over, the Yeongdong coastal mountain range. The general evolution of the snowband agrees quite well with radar observations, while the water-equivalent precipitation amount agrees reasonably well with radar precipitation estimate. The simulation results clearly show that the snow band developed due to the lifting by a coastal front that developed because of the damming of cold air against the eastern slope of the coastal mountain range. The damming was enhanced by the advection of cold air by a low-level mountain-parallel jet from the north, formed due to geostrophic adjustment as the on-shore upslope air was decelerated by the mountain blocking. As the onshore flow weakened later due to synoptic-scale flow pattern change, the cold front propagated off shore and the precipitation dissipated. 相似文献
310.
Cheng LIU Yun HE Joseph Hun-Wei LEE Zhao-Yin WANG Dr. Asso. Prof. International Research Training Center on Erosion Sedimentation Beijing China & Anhui Institu 《国际泥沙研究》2002,17(2)
1 INTRODUCTION Shanghai, Chinas largest metropolitan area with a population of about 14 million, is situated at the mouth of the Yangtze River, and bordered with the East China Sea to the east, Hangzhou Bay to the south, and the provinces of Zhejiang and Jiangsu to the west. It is a region with intensive distribution of rivers and lakes. The good geographic location and natural conditions have provided the city with superiority in its social and economic center and port city of the co… 相似文献