复合加载下考虑接触作用的地基承载特性数值分析

港口、海洋工程结构物基础一般处于复合加载状态,其极限承载力通常采用近来引入的极限荷载图进行评价.对位于地基表面的重力式海洋基础,需要考虑基础与地基间的接触特性对极限承载力的影响.以大型通用有限元软件ABAQUS为计算平台,建立了复合加载模式的地基极限承载力数值分析方法;针对饱和黏土地基上的表面基础,利用在ABAQUS平台上开发的接触计算模块,模拟基础与地基间竖向可分离、切向完全粘结的接触作用;进而基于建立的分析方法,进行系统的有限元计算,分析地基的破坏模式随荷载条件的变化,给出地基的极限荷载包络图,并与经典承载力计算公式结果进行对比.研究结果表明,经典承载力计算公式低估了三维荷载条件下的地基极限承载力,有限元计算模型及数值分析方法,可以较好地分析研究地基的失稳机理及承载力特性,并可考虑基础与地基不同的接触条件对破坏模式及组合极限承载力的影响.     

Interactions of nonlinear gravity waves and uniform current in Lagrangian system

The particle trajectory on a weakly nonlinear progressive surface wave obliquely interacting with a uniform current is studied by using an EulerLagrange transformation. The thirdorder asymptotic solution is a periodic bounded function of Lagrangian labels and time, which imply that the entire solution is uniformlyvalid. The explicit parametric solution highlights the trajectory of a water particle and mass transport associated with a particle displacement can now be obtained directly in Lagrangian form. The angular frequency and Lagrangian mean level of the particle motion in Lagrangian form differ from those of the Eulerian. The variations in the water particle orbits resulting from the oblique interaction with a steady uniform current of different magnitudes are also investigated.     

NWA 13943(CK5型)碳质球粒陨石的矿物岩石学和稳定同位素组成研究

CK型陨石是一类高度氧化的碳质球粒陨石, 金属/磁铁矿的比值接近零. 与其它类型的碳质球粒陨石(岩石类型: 1-3)不同, 大多数CK型陨石在母体上经历了强烈的热变质过程(550--1270K), 以4-6型为主. 多项证据表明, CK和CV3型陨石具有成因联系. 但是, 两者在岩相结构和化学组成方面仍存在微小差异. 因此, 精细地区分和比较两者的地球化学特征对于验证CK-CV单一母体假说非常重要. Northwest Africa (NWA) 13943是一块新发现的陨石, 经历过较强烈的热变质作用. 利用扫描电子显微镜和电子探针, 确定了NWA 13943的岩石类型. 并运用质谱分析技术, 重点测定了NWA 13943陨石的全岩氧同位素和铬同位素组成. 综合岩石结构、矿物化学成分、氧同位素异常(△¹⁷O,△代表同位素分馏值)和铬同位素异常(ε⁵⁴Cr, ε表示样品中的同位素比值与标样中的同位素比值的相对偏差的10⁴倍),CK和CV型陨石的母体可能形成于原行星盘中两个相似但不同的化学源区.     

Bble Size Distribution for Waves Propagating over A Submerged Breakwater

Experiments are carried out to study the characteristics of active bubbles entrained by breaking waves as these propagate over an abruptly topographical change or a submerged breakwater. Underwater sounds generated by the entrained air bubbles are detected by a hydrophone connected to a charge amplifier and a data acquisition system. The size distribution of the bubbles is then determined inversely from the received sound frequencies. The sound signals are converted from time domain to time-frequency domain by applying Gabor transform. The number of bubbles with different sizes are counted from the signal peaks in the time-frequency domain. The characteristics of the bubbles are in terms of bubble size spectra, which account for the variation in bubble probability density related to the bubble radius r. The experimental data demonstrate that the bubble probability density function shows a-2.39 power-law scaling with radius for r＞0.8 mm, and a-1.11 power law for r＜0.8 mm.     

Notes on the Triassic Formations and Faunas of the Yuan-an District,Western Hupeh

INTRODUCTION More than a decade has elapsed since the illuminating study of J.S.Lee and Y.T.Chao~1 on the geology of the Yangtze Gorges.The puplica-tion of C.Y.Hsieh and Y.T.Chao's Memoir~2 dated only two years later.So the necessity of restudying this critical region in the light of the     

Mesozoic Orogenic Movements in the Finghsiang Coalfield, Kiangsi

The Pinghsiang coalfield of Kiangsi province has been repeatedlyvisited by Chinese as well as by foreign geologists most of whom howeverspent much of their time in determining the economic value of the coalfieldand consequently very little attention was paid to the stratigraphic and     

Multi-model MJO forecasting during DYNAMO/CINDY period

The present study assesses the forecast skill of the Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO) observed during the period of DYNAMO (Dynamics of the MJO)/CINDY (Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability in Year 2011) field campaign in the GFS (NCEP Global Forecast System), CFSv2 (NCEP Climate Forecast System version 2) and UH (University of Hawaii) models, and revealed their strength and weakness in forecasting initiation and propagation of the MJO. Overall, the models forecast better the successive MJO which follows the preceding event than that with no preceding event (primary MJO). The common modeling problems include too slow eastward propagation, the Maritime Continent barrier and weak intensity. The forecasting skills of MJO major modes reach 13, 25 and 28 days, respectively, in the GFS atmosphere-only model, the CFSv2 and UH coupled models. An equal-weighted multi-model ensemble with the CFSv2 and UH models reaches 36 days. Air–sea coupling plays an important role for initiation and propagation of the MJO and largely accounts for the skill difference between the GFS and CFSv2. A series of forecasting experiments by forcing UH model with persistent, forecasted and observed daily SST further demonstrate that: (1) air–sea coupling extends MJO skill by about 1 week; (2) atmosphere-only forecasts driven by forecasted daily SST have a similar skill as the coupled forecasts, which suggests that if the high-resolution GFS is forced with CFSv2 forecasted daily SST, its forecast skill can be much higher than its current level as forced with persistent SST; (3) atmosphere-only forecasts driven by observed daily SST reaches beyond 40 days. It is also found that the MJO–TC (Tropical Cyclone) interactions have been much better represented in the UH and CFSv2 models than that in the GFS model. Both the CFSv2 and UH coupled models reasonably well capture the development of westerly wind bursts associated with November 2011 MJO and the cyclogenesis of TC05A in the Indian Ocean with a lead time of 2 weeks. However, the high-resolution GFS atmosphere-only model fails to reproduce the November MJO and the genesis of TC05A at 2 weeks’ lead. This result highlights the necessity to get MJO right in order to ensure skillful extended-range TC forecasting.     

地幔热柱动力学研究的新进展

由于地幔热柱对我们了解地球动力学和地幔动力学过程具有非常重要的科学意义，因此受到国际地学界的广泛关注，近年来，随着一系列国际研究计划的展开和实施，热柱动力学的研究取得了很大的研究。本文拟合“国际热柱－岩石圈相互作用研讨会”的讨论内容，对热柱领域已取得的进展和存在的问题作一简要的回顾，以期待进我国热柱动力学研究的发展有所埤益。     

地震发生时间的概率预报（一）

概率预报的基本思想是利用地震历史中表现出来的统计规律去推测未来。在一定概率意义下,给出下次地震可能发生的时间界限,或是在指定时间内,给出地震发生的概率,对于研究地震区域划分,提供抗震烈度等问题都是有一定意义的。这里仅从地震序列本身提取预报信息,没有考虑发震时间与各种前兆观测的关系,也没有考虑时间与地点和强度的相关。     

南海海盆东北部内孤立波的地震海洋学研究

以往利用地震海洋学方法发现的内孤立波大多在东沙岛附近,本文在南海海盆东北部首次利用地震海洋学方法发现了海盆中的内孤立波.通过叠前偏移观察该内孤立波细结构的变化,发现内孤立波波形在采集时间段内整体较稳定,内孤立波浅层反射相对深层变化较大.通过改进前人的方法,利用共偏移距道集叠前偏移剖面计算内孤立波视相速度.该方法比直接使用共偏移距道集拟合的共中心点-炮点对曲线线性更好,其计算的内孤立波视相速度为0.82m·s~(-1),内孤立波视传播方向为从NW向SE(172°N方向,0°指向北).