Estimated mass and stiffness matrices of shear building from modal test data

A method that estimates mass and stiffness matrices of shear building from modal test data is presented in this paper. The method depends on only measurable points that are less in number than the total structural degrees of freedom, and on the first two orders of structural mode measured. So it is applicable to most of the general test. Based on this method modal data of unmeasurable points are estimated, then global mass and stiffness matrices of structure are obtained by using the first two orders of modal data. Taking advantage of iteration the optimum global mass and stiffness matrices are gained. Finally, an example is studied in this paper. Its result shows that this method is reliable. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

南洞庭湖湿地景观文化的结构与特征研究

洞庭湖是我国传统的风景名胜区,也是世界上唯一一个由三个国际重要湿地组成的湖泊。作为洞庭湖的最重要组成部分,南洞庭湖国际重要湿地蕴藏着独特的景观文化资源,在长江文明、中华文明乃至世界文明的发展中占有重要地位。根据1999～2005年的调查结果,系统地分析了南洞庭湖湿地景观文化资源的结构特征：①物质文化（稻耕文化、船文化、建筑文化、生产文化、工程文化等）;②精神文化（端午节、民俗艺术、湖乡忌禁、饮食文化、抗洪抢险、植物文化等）;③制度文化（傩文化、楚文化、历史遗迹、湿地文物等）;阐述了湿地文化的起源及地位,重点研究了15种景观文化内容。研究结果表明,南洞庭湖景观文化的本质特征（湿地文化与水文化）具有国际重要湿地背景,典型的湘楚文化特点,突出的湿地特色,独特的世界遗产特点,同时具有高度的真实性及完整性。     

西津水库网箱养殖区浮游植物特征及水质营养状态

于2006年10月至2008年7月对西津水库米埠坑网箱养殖区浮游植物进行两个年度共8次调查。第1年发现浮游植物6门53属,冬季出现种属最多,达到43属,春、夏季最少,为35属,浮游植物年平均数量为35.18×104 L-1,平均生物量为1.07 mg·L-1。第2年度采集到浮游植物6门47属,以春季出现种属最多,达到40属,夏季最少,为29属,第2年浮游植物年平均数量低于第1年,为19.77×104 L-1,生物量高于第1年,达到1.22 mg·L-1。综合营养指数评价结果显示,米埠坑网箱养殖区处于中营养水平,有向富营养化过渡的趋势。     

Crustal thickness estimation beneath the southern central Andes at 30°S and 36°S from S wave receiver function analysis

We have used the S wave receiver function (SRF) technique to investigate the crustal thickness beneath two seismic profiles from the CHARGE project in the southern central Andes. A previous study employing the P wave receiver function method has observed the Moho interface beneath much of the profiles. They found, however, that the amplitude of the P to S conversion was diminished in the western part of the profiles and have attributed it to a reduction of the impedance contrast at the Moho due to lower crustal ecologitization. With SRF, we have successfully detected S to P converted waves from the Moho as well as possible conversions from other lithospheric boundaries. The continental South American crust reaches its maximum thickness of ∼70 km (along 30°S between 70°W and 68.5°W) beneath the Principal Cordillera and the Famatina system and becomes thinner towards the Sierras Pampeanas with a thickness of ∼40 km. Negative phases, possibly related to the base of the continental and oceanic lithosphere, can be recognized in the summation traces at different depths. By comparing our results with data obtained from previous investigations, we are able to further constrain the thickness of the crust and lithosphere beneath the central Andes.     

城市用地功能精细化识别方法：时序动态图嵌入深度学习模型

多源大数据融合背景下的城市功能区识别是复杂非线性系统的模式识别问题,如何有效地从大规模的轨迹数据中提取出多粒度连续性时变和多尺度空间相互作用的信息是进行城市区域功能识别的关键。本研究设计实现了一种基于时序动态图嵌入的深度学习模型,在融合滴滴出行及兴趣点数据（Point of Interest, POI）基础上,提取城市区域存在的时间和空间上的隐式特征,结合聚类分析实现城市用地功能的语义识别。结果表明,成都市中心的用地功能趋向复合多样化的发展,且用地属性随时间发生作用范围和用地类型的变化,呈现出功能随着城市群体活动而变化的时空规律。与相关文献的对比实验表明,本文提出方法在更细粒度的时间段下进行功能区识别,得到的同一类功能区域内集聚度更高,能够更好的捕获复合型区域在不同时间模式下呈现出的用地功能变化。本研究为城市用地功能识别研究提供了新的技术方法,为城市规划研究人员全面理解城区结构属性提供了有效手段,对推动城市空间得到更合理高效的利用具有一定的价值。     

环境约束下中国城市土地利用效率演变特征分析

在经济高质量发展和区域协调发展的背景下,考虑非期望性产出(环境污染),本文利用SBM-undesirable模型测算了中国275个地级市2003–2016年的城市土地利用效率,并通过核密度估计、空间自相关分析探索了城市土地利用效率的时空演变规律。结果表明:(1)2003–2016年间,中国城市土地利用效率整体呈波动上升趋势,但仍处于较低水平,城市土地利用效率均值呈现东、西、中逐渐降低的分布格局;(2)在全国和东中西三大区域,区域差异均不断增大,全国尺度上和东部地区效率值出现了极化趋势;(3)城市土地利用效率呈现较弱的空间正相关,但空间集聚程度不断增强。高-高集聚型区域多分布在东南沿海地区,且不断向中部地区延伸;高-低极化型区域多为中西部地区的省会城市,低-高凹陷型区域零星分布于高值聚集区周边,部分在研究期内转为高值聚集区域;低-低均质型区域主要分布在中西部及东北地区。研究结果认为应加强对城市存量土地的内涵挖潜,强化区域合作机制,因地制宜制定提升土地利用效率的政策是促进城市土地集约节约利用和区域协调发展的有效路径。     

Protecting Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS) by Industrial Integration Development (IID): Practices from China

With Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) increasing in number around the world, their conservation has become a new international research theme. From the perspective of combining theoretical analyses and practical case applications, this study examines the Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (IAHS) conservation pathways and operation mechanisms through industrial integration development (IID). First, the theoretical framework of IID in IAHS sites was constructed according to the requirements of IAHS conservation, which include analyses of the connotation and basic principles of IID, the necessity of IID for IAHS sites, the resource conditions, and the IID pathways. And then based on the theoretical framework, the IID of Longji Terraces in Guangxi, Honghe Hani Rice Terraces System in Yunnan (HHRTS), Aohan Dryland Farming System in Inner Mongolia (ADFS), and Huzhou Mulberry-dyke & Fish-pond System (HMFS) in Zhejiang are analyzed systematically. The main finding is that IID is an effective pathway for IAHS conservation. However, the IID in IAHS sites must stress the ecological and cultural values of the resources; IID should be based on local resource advantages; and IID should attach importance to the combination of different policies and coordination between different stakeholders.     

Petrogenesis and tectonic setting of granite porphyry in Keyouzhongqi area,Inner Mongolia

The authors studied the geochemistry,zircon U-Pb ages,Hf isotope of the granite porphyry and its petrogenesis and tectonic setting in the studied area． The zircon U-Pb dating indicates the formation of the gran- ite porphyry is in Early Cretaceous (125． 1 ±1． 5 Ma)． The granite porphyry has high-SiO2and alkali-rich fea- tures,which belongs to high-K calc-alkaline series rocks (A/CNK = 0． 95%--1． 25%)． The analyses of trace elements show the characteristics of a swallow-shaped ＲEE distribution pattern with enrichment in LＲEEs and most of LILEs and HFSEs,depletion in Ba,Sr,Nb,P and Ti,and especially strong depletion in Eu,which indicates the granite porphyry belongs to the aluminous A-type granite． Their εHf(t)range from 5． 94 to 8． 80 with Hf two-stage model ages (TDM2) of 620 Ma to 803 Ma． Combining with the regional tectonic background, we conclude that the source of the rocks is the new crust materials accreted from depleted mantle in Neoprotero- zoic and is the product of partial melting of middle and lower crustal rocks,which may be suffered from the dual impact of the subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific Ocean and the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean．     

太阳大气中氢原子的赖曼谱线

氢是太阳大气中最主要的元素。氢原子的赖曼(Lyman)谱线,尤其是赖曼阿尔法(Ly-α)谱线的辐射,是太阳色球和低过渡区能量损失的主要形式。在太阳的赖曼α像中,网络组织的辐射比较强,而辐射最强的地方是活动区。由于存在辐射转移效应,在宁静区,低阶赖曼谱线的谱形中央一般会形成一个凹陷,而在中央两侧则形成两个峰,两峰往往呈现出一定的不对称性。数值模拟和观测研究表明,赖曼谱线双峰的不对称性与高层大气中各种系统性流动有关。在太阳活动区,赖曼谱形在谱斑区与在宁静区类似;而在黑子区,赖曼谱形几乎没有中央凹陷。赖曼谱形也可用于诊断日珥、耀斑和日冕物质抛射等结构和现象的等离子体特性。该文回顾了赖曼谱线的观测历史,阐明了观测与模拟结果所揭示的物理过程,并结合笔者的认识进行了相应的评论。     

钟房环境自动监测系统的研制

介绍了一种自行研制的钟房环境自动监测系统，该系统由温度、湿度、电压、烟雾等的传感器、信号调理、数据采集和报警等部分组成。长期试运行的结果表明系统达到了预期设计要求。