The Characteristic Patterns of Macrofaunal Fouling Assemblages in Nearshore Waters of the South China Sea

The spatio-temporal patterns of macrofaunal fouling assemblages were quantitatively investigated in the nearshore waters of the South China Sea. The work was undertaken by deploying seasonal panels at two sites (H-site, L-site) for one year, and the fouling communities on the panels were examined and analyzed. The results indicated that species composition of assemblages was obviously different between the two sites. At both sites the assemblages were characteristic with solitary dominant species throughout the year, with Amphibalanus reticulates dominating at H-site and Hydroides elegans at L-site. Shannon index and biomass of the assemblages varied with depth and season at both sites. At H-site the total biomass in summer and autumn were significantly higher than those in spring and winter, while at L-site the assemblage biomass also differed significantly among the four seasons, and the greatest biomass occurred at the depth of 2.0 m in winter. The abundance of all seasonal samples in non-metric multidimensional scaling was clustered as one group at L-site and three groups at H-site. The environmental factors were more likely to be related to the variation of fouling assemblages. Furthermore, it also suggests that in tropical seas the integrated adaptability would qualify a species for dominating a fouling assemblage despite its short life cycle, rather than the usually assumed only species with long life span. This study reveals the complexity and characteristic dynamics of macrofaunal fouling assemblages in the tropical habitats, and the results would provide valuable knowledge for biodiversity and antifouling research.     

换道概率对交通系统动能的影响

基于跟车模型的特点,提出了跟车模型的动能变化公式,利用该公式研究换道概率对各车辆动能的影响.数值实验结果表明,换道概率和相对速度对各车辆动能产生较大影响,但换道概率和相对速度会分别降低其动能变化频率和幅度.此外,系统增加的平均动能会随着系统最大换道概率的增加而降低.     

相变前的热力学平衡态对铁电液晶排列的影响

本实验选用ZLI-3654型铁电液晶(FLC)以及SE-3140型取向剂制备FLC器件样品,通过改变FLC相变过程中的降温速率以及相变前的热力学平衡态来研究FLC相变前的热力学平衡态对FLC排列的影响,共进行了十组实验.实验后,将FLC器件静态对比度进行比较,得出手性向列相到近晶A相(N^*-SmA)相变前的热力学平衡态对FLC实现均匀排列起着极其重要的作用的结论.实验结果表明:器件的静态对比度可高达620 ∶1, N^*-SmA相变前的热力学平衡态有利于形成高对比     

基于阈值光电子-光离子符合技术的分子离子光谱和解离动力学研究

对电子和离子同时采用速度聚焦电场收集的阈值光电子-光离子符合成像谱仪能够有效提高电子的收集效率和能量分辨率.利用该符合成像谱仪,开展了Xe/Ar/Ne 惰性混合气体及NO 分子的阈值光电子谱、阈值光电子-光离子符合质谱和质量选择的符合光谱等实验研究,精确测量了NO 分子的电离势,并且获得了NO⁺离子振动态分辨的X¹Σ⁺,c³Π和B¹Π态光谱.还进一步研究了NO^{+ 相似文献}   

Improved understanding of petroleum migration history in the Hongche fault zone,northwestern Junggar Basin (northwest China): Constrained by vein-calcite fluid inclusions and trace elements

Calcite veins and cements occur widely in Carboniferous and Permian reservoirs of the Hongche fault zone, northwestern Junggar Basin in northwest China. The calcites were investigated by fluid inclusion and trace-element analyses, providing an improved understanding of the petroleum migration history. It is indicated that the Hongche fault behaved as a migration pathway before the Early Cretaceous, allowing two oil charges to migrate into the hanging-wall, fault-core and footwall reservoirs across the fault. Since the Late Cretaceous, the Hongche fault has been sealed. As a consequence, meteoric water flowed down only into the hanging-wall and fault-core reservoirs. The meteoric-water incursion is likely an important cause for degradation of reservoir oils. In contrast, the footwall reservoirs received gas charge (the third hydrocarbon event) following the Late Cretaceous. This helps explain the distribution of petroleum across the fault. This study provides an example of how a fault may evolve as pathway and seal over time, and how reservoir diagenetic minerals can provide clues to complex petroleum migration histories.     

河嘉203H含硫水平气井测试工艺实践

河嘉203H井是川东北河坝构造嘉二高压含硫气藏部署的第一口水平井,具有埋藏深、储层压力高、腐蚀分压高、地层易漏失、水平井压井堵漏难度大的特点,通过开展工具优选、管柱结构优化设计、流程优选,并对替浆、放喷油嘴控制及压井等主要工序的施工工艺参数进行研究,形成了河坝嘉二含硫气藏水平井测试工艺技术体系,并在河嘉203H井获得成功应用。     

对虾传染性肌肉坏死病研究进展

对虾传染性肌肉坏死病(infectious myonecrosis,IMN)最初于2002年8月爆发于巴西Piaui州的凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)养殖场,并很快在巴西东北沿岸蔓延开来,目前已传至亚洲.2004年,经美国亚利桑那大学(University of Arizona)水产病害实验室研究,该病为一种新的对虾疾病,根据其症状,暂定名为传染性肌肉坏死病.     

Application of matter-element model in soil nutrient evaluation of ecological fragile region

On the basis of the soil environment investigation in Da'an City, Jilin Province, China, 40 soil samples from main land use types were obtained and tested by standard method. Soil organic matter (SOM), total N (TN), total P (TP), total K (TK), available N (AN), available P (AP) and available K (AK) were chosen as the evaluation factors. A regional soil nutrient evaluation model was developed based on the matter-element model. The results show that the soil samples with nutrient grade Ⅱ-Ⅴ respectively account for 10%, 30%, 32.5% and 27.5%, and those with grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ account for 60% in all samples. The relationship between soil nutrients and land types indicates that the nutrients of farmland are relatively good, with 41.7% of soil samples with the nutrient grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ. The nutrients of saline-alkali land and sandy land are the worst, with 100% of soil samples with the nutrient grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ. And the ratios of soil samples grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ in grassland and wasteland are respectively 62.5 % and 54.55%. Generally speaking, the soil nutrients status in Da'an City is poor, 60% of soil samples are in poor and extremely poor conditions, indicating that the soil has been severely eroded. Being a relatively superior evaluation method with more accurate resuits and spatial distribution consistency, matter-element analysis is more suitable for regional soil nutrient evaluation than previous models.     

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赣西北地区P波S波随频率衰减关系研究

利用2009-01—2013-05月发生在赣西北地区的233次M L≥1.0地震数字波形资料,采用尾波归一化方法计算了阳新台、九江台、修水台、高安台、宜春台的P波S波的衰减,结果显示,除修水台最佳流逝时间约为60 s外,其他四个台站的最佳流逝时间为30 s左右;九江-瑞昌震区内平均P波和S波的Q值分别为:Q P(f)=(15.97±1.87)f(1.66±0.06)和Q S(f)=(25.27±1.90)f(1.15±0.04)。