Estimating areal production of intertidal microphytobenthos based on spatio-temporal community dynamics and laboratory measurements

In situ Microphytobenthic community dynamics were combined with laboratory measurement of predominant species by fluorescence methods to estimate the areal primary production. Field investigation of community dynamics of microphytobenthos (MPB) was conducted from August 2006 to August 2007 in intertidal flats of the Nakdong River estuary, Korea. MPB Biomass varied between 0.47 and 16.58 μg cm^?3 in the surface 1 cm sediment, with two dominant diatom species, Amphora coffeaeformis and Navicula sp., occupying average 77.2 ± 14.9% of total number of MPB cells. The biomass was higher in the slightly muddy sand sites than that in the sand site, and showed different pattern of seasonal variation. The profile of vertical distribution of biomass was an exponential decrease trend with depth in sediments. The biomass proportions in the uppermost 3 mm were 57.6% and 37.8% with and without the presence of biofilm, respectively. The two dominant species were cultured in laboratory, and their photosynthetic parameters, rETR_max (relative maximum electron transport rate), α (light utilization coefficient) and E _k (light saturation parameter) were derived from rETR (relative ETR)-irradiance curves by Imaging- PAM (pulse amplitude modulated) fluorometry. The rETR-irradiance curves showed no significant difference of photosynthetic activities between the two species. The areal potential production ranged from 0.74 to 2.22 g C m^?2 d^?1.     

高分辨SAR-GEC影像严密成像几何模型及其应用研究

提出并构建SAR影像GEC(Geocoded Ellipsoid Corrected)产品严密成像几何模型,并在此基础上研究用RPC模型替代SAR影像GEC产品严密成像几何模型的町行性以及基于RPC模型的GEC产品的定向和纠正.最后用TerraSAR-X影像验证其理论和算法,得到如下结论:针对高分辨SAR影像GEC级别产晶的严密成像几何模型能用于SAR影像的定向以及正射纠正.     

Tetraploid induction by inhibiting mitosis I in scallopChlamys farreri

Tetraploid induction was carried out by inhibiting mitosis I in fertilized eggs ofChlamys farreri. Mitosis I was blocked with cold shock (5–7°C), Cytochalasin B (0.75 mg/L) and 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) (60–75 mg/L) when 60% fertilized eggs released polar body II at 20°C. At 4-cells embryo stage, the ploidy was determined by counting chromosome number. In control groups, most embryos were diploids (72.22%) and aneuploids (24.78%). In Cytochalasin B, cold shock and 6-DMAP treated groups, tetraploids were respectively 10.51%, 4.08%, and 13.34%; aneuploids were 43.10%, 35.93% and 29.16%, and triploids were 7.84%, 8.52% and 18.33%. At D-larva stage, ploidy was determined by flow cytometry (FCM). The ploidy analysis of day 2 larvae showed diploids in control group and also in three treated groups. Juvenile scallops (0.2–0.3cm) which were harvested in two control groups and two CB treated groups were all diploids through checking ploidy individually by FCM. Contribution No. 3648 from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Contribution No. 238 from the Experimental Marine Biology Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Project funded by grant (No. 819-01-07) from the Chinese Science and Technology Ministry and also by “Hundred Talents Plan” grant from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.     

Pollution trend in the tumen river and its influence on regional development

１ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＳｅｖｅｒｅｗａｔｅｒｐｏｌｕｔｉｏｎａｎｄｗａｔｅｒｒｅｓｏｕｒｃｅｓｓｈｏｒｔａｇｅｓｈａｖｅｂｅｃｏｍｅｔｗｏｋｅｙｏｂｓｔｒｕｃｔｉｏｎｓｔｏｒｅａｌｉｚｅｓｕｓｔａｉｎａｂｌｅｕｔｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎｏｆｗａｔｅ...     

倾斜平面二维渗流与隧道涌水量计算基本理论

倾斜平面内的渗流问题在倾斜岩层与裂隙岩层地区,特别是在这类岩层地区开凿隧道、巷道等地下工程时是常见的。但是,这类问题的系统基本理论则很少见到,特别是将这类问题与隧道涌水量计算相联系的理论则更罕见。就此问题,给出了这类渗流问题的坐标系的选取与各种基本方程、定解条件、数学模型、隧道在倾斜剖面中的形体变态理论和两类隧道单宽涌水量的转化等较系统、较完整的一套基本理论。这些理论对实际工程和理论发展都有重要意义。     

马超营断裂带区域地球化学特征

该文探讨了马超营断裂带内各地层的成矿元素丰度特征,阐述了该带内成矿元素的分布特征及分布规律,总结了Ａｕ及有关元素Ａｇ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｏ、Ｃｏ、Ｎｉ、Ｍｎ、Ｂａ、Ｓｒ、Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ｂｉ等异常的特征及其分布规律。研究成果表明：马超营断裂带的韧性—韧脆性剪切带是本区Ａｕ及与其相关的Ａｇ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ等成矿元素异常规模、形态和空间分布的控制因素。     

加强科研前期管理提高科研立项申报质量

针对成都气象学院近年来科研项目申报中存在的问题,提出了选题必须遵循的基本原则,填写申报书和加强申报工作管理的各环节。这对提高项目科学水平和获准率具有一定作用。     

风尘堆积常见的同沉积和沉积后改造特征及其环境意义

黄土堆积作为气下沉积,任何一个深度都曾经暴露于地表,因而必然受到相关地表过程的作用.由于这些过程均发生于特定的环境条件下,形成的特征多数具有明确的环境意义;而黄土在沉积后也可能受到各种地质过程的改造,从而对研究中常用的气候代用指标有一定影响.文章基于野外、微形态等分析,结合前人成果,对我国北方新近纪风尘堆积中常见的同沉积和沉积后改造特征、形成过程及环境意义进行研究.由于一些特征在黄土堆积中具有普遍性,可作为识别风成堆积的标志和环境事件研究的指标,并有助于全面理解常用的替代指标的环境意义.     

天水-秦安一带中新世黄土堆积区沉积-地貌演化

前人的构造地质学研究,将天水-秦安一带的中新世黄土分布区划归两个不同的构造单元.文章基于野外调查和已有年代地层学工作,结合前人成果,对该区新生代沉积-地貌演化历史进行研究,并划分为以下主要阶段:1)古近纪初南部秦岭山地的剥蚀,使本区在原有基岩准平原地形的基础上,形成以冲洪积平原为主的地形.古近纪末-新近纪初的构造活动使冲洪积平原解体,在秦安地区形成基岩台地与沉陷盆地相间、天水-西和地区形成拉分盆地与隆起山地交错的地貌景观,这些高地为中新世黄土堆积提供了地形基础.2)中新世从22Ma到11Ma,基岩台地和相对平缓的高地上堆积典型黄土-古土壤序列,盆地内则主要发育次生黄土等洼地沉积,表明研究区类似于今天的黄土高原.3)中新世晚期约11Ma起发生的一次侵蚀事件,使研究区的一些小盆地内发育河流相和间歇性浅湖相沉积,秦安一带的黄土堆积也遭到侵蚀,形成的洼地内发育黄土状土或洼地静水沉积,其中包含较多哺乳动物化石,而大范围的相对平坦高地上一直继续发育黄土-古土壤序列.这次侵蚀对本区内甘肃群的沉积多样性有重要贡献,但一直没有深水湖泊发育的条件.4)发生于3.5Ma以后的另一次重大侵蚀,奠定了该区今天狭窄长墚地形的基础,是第四纪黄土堆积在本区保存较差的主要原因.     

Comparison of different land-surface perturbation methods in short-range ensemble forecasts

为了比较不同陆面扰动方法对短时集合预报的影响,本研究设计了陆面模式扰动实验(LSMPE),初始土壤湿度扰动实验(ISMPE),陆面-大气耦合系数扰动实验(LCCPE)以及大气扰动对照实验(GEFSPE).结果表明,在三组陆面扰动实验中,LSMPE能代表最大的不确定性且误差最小;ISMPE的离散度要比LCCPE稍大,但是...