Rupture model of the 2013 M_W 6.6 Lushan (China) earthquake constrained by a new GPS data set and its effects on potential seismic hazard

Vertical records are critically important when determining the rupture model of an earthquake, especially a thrust earthquake. Due to the relatively low fitness level of near-field vertical displacements, the precision of previous rupture models is relatively low, and the seismic hazard evaluated thereafter should be further updated. In this study, we applied three-component displacement records from GPS stations in and around the source region of the 2013 MW6.6 Lushan earthquake to re-investigate the rupture model.To improve the resolution of the rupture model, records from both continuous and campaign GPS stations were gathered, and secular deformations of the GPS movements were removed from the records of the campaign stations to ensure their reliability. The rupture model was derived by the steepest descent method(SDM), which is based on a layered velocity structure. The peak slip value was about 0.75 m, with a seismic moment release of 9.89 × 10~(18) N·m, which was equivalent to an M_W6.6 event. The inferred fault geometry coincided well with the aftershock distribution of the Lushan earthquake. Unlike previous rupture models, a secondary slip asperity existed at a shallow depth and even touched the ground surface. Based on the distribution of the co-seismic ruptures of the Lushan and Wenchuan earthquakes, post-seismic relaxation of the Wenchuan earthquake, and tectonic loading process, we proposed that the seismic hazard is quite high and still needs special attention in the seismic gap between the two earthquakes.     

江西相山酸性火山-侵入杂岩精确年代学与演化序列研究

相山火山盆地主体岩石为一套由熔结凝灰岩、流纹英安岩、流纹英安斑岩、碎斑熔岩、粗斑花岗斑岩及似斑状花岗岩组成的酸性火山-侵入杂岩体, 构成了两个完整的喷发-溢流(侵出)-侵入的岩浆活动亚旋回。本文在野外地质调查的基础上, 采用SIMS、LA-ICP-MS技术对主要岩类进行了高精度的锆石U-Pb年代学研究, 并建立了火山-侵入杂岩体的演化序列。结果表明, 打鼓顶组熔结凝灰岩代表了相山火山-侵入活动的最早期产物, 其锆石U-Pb年龄为140.7±2.7 Ma、140.1±1.8 Ma和138.2±1.6 Ma, 第一亚旋回主体流纹英安岩的锆石U-Pb年龄135.0±1.8 Ma。鹅湖岭组熔结凝灰岩代表了火山-侵入活动的第二亚旋回的开始, 其U-Pb年龄为135.6±1.2 Ma, 第二亚旋回主体碎斑熔岩的锆石U-Pb年龄133.6±1.3 Ma, 沙洲单元的粗斑花岗斑岩和似斑状花岗岩属于该亚旋回最晚期的侵入岩, 其锆石U-Pb年龄代表了相山火山-侵入活动的结束时间(分别为133.4±1.2 Ma和133.9±1.1 Ma)。相山早白垩世火山-侵入活动延续时间较短, 整体上呈现一个连续的过程, 初始时间在141 Ma附近, 结束时间在132 Ma左右。概言之, 第一亚旋回(141~135 Ma)以形成熔结凝灰岩、流纹英安岩和流纹英安斑岩为主, 第二亚旋回(135~132 Ma)以熔结凝灰岩、碎斑熔岩、粗斑花岗斑岩和似斑状花岗岩为主。岩石地球化学和野外地质特征也与两个亚旋回火山-侵入岩浆活动相吻合。     

山东招掖金矿带原生金矿化地球化学特征的数学地质研究

本文主要是应用数学地质方法研究山东招掖金矿带原生金矿化地球化学特征,从而确定金矿化的最佳地球化学标志组合,并建立原生金矿化模式及金矿体原生晕的判别模式.     

Assessment and zonation of storm surge hazards in the coastal areas of China

Natural Hazards - Coastal inundation due to storm tides is computed using ADvanced CIRCulation (ADCIRC) model along the east coast of India. Inland inundation due to storm tides is calculated every...     

An experimental approach for determination of the Weibull homogeneity index of rock or rock-like materials

Acta Geotechnica - The spatial variation of the physical–mechanical properties of rock or rock-like materials is an intrinsic characteristic of the materials induced by multiscale material...     

非点源污染的流域分配方法研究

农业非点源污染的流域分配研究对于提高环境质量具有重要的现实意义。根据遥感技术得到的土地利用类型、河网、道路、圩区等信息,结合地理信息系统（GIS）的空间分析功能,对非点源污染负荷进行了定量计算及可视化分析,在此基础上,得到各主要河段的污染分配量,这可为寻求流域内合理的土地利用模式和农业非点源污染排放总量的控制方法提供决策依据。     

T形截面柱的非线性分析

编制了适用于任意截面的钢筋混凝土压弯构件截面的弯矩—曲率非线性分析程序。在此基础上,计算了考虑非线性变形的异形柱弯矩—曲率关系,并研究了翼缘、轴压比等因素对异形柱强度和延性的影响,可作为异形柱研究的参考依据。     

A quantitative risk analysis model for cascade reservoirs overtopping: principle and application

Natural Hazards - Quantitative and effective flood control operation of cascade reservoirs under emergency conditions can guarantee the safety of dams, reduce the social loss caused by flood...     

Cryospheric Changes and Their Impacts on Water Resources in the Belt and Road Regions

“Belt and Road” regions include Asia, Europe and eastern and northern Africa, with a wide spatial distribution. The cryosphere is undergoing rapid changes in the Belt and Road regions with global warming, and has an important impact on water resources, ecosystems and Arctic waterways in these regions. This article reviewed recent cryospheric changes and associated impacts on water resources in the Belt and Road regions during the last decades. The main cognitions are as follows: \mathrm{①} Most glaciers are shrinking and glacier mass balances are most negative, but there are regional differences in the changes of glaciers. \mathrm{②} Global temperature rise has resulted in permafrost degradation, including a rise in permafrost temperature and decreasing permafrost thickness as well as an increase in active layer thickness. \mathrm{③} There is a significant decrease in snow cover extent and an increase in snow depth. Snow cover duration has shortened, the onset of snow cover has delayed, and the end of snow cover has advanced. However, there are still obvious regional differences in the changes of snow cover. \mathrm{④} Arctic sea ice has declined precipitously in both extent and thickness in summer, and multi-year sea ice has decreased,indicating the precipitous retreat of sea ice. The freeze-up date of some lakes has been delayed, the break-up date has advanced, and the ice cover duration of river/lake ice has significantly shortened. \mathrm{⑤} Glacial runoff has increased significantly in China. Snowmelt and permafrost degradation have also increased the basin runoff, which indicates the important impact of cryospheric changes on runoff. This study will provide a baseline and important scientific support for addressing climate change and regional sustainable development.     

虚拟仿真技术在地质学中的应用

得益于计算机技术、人工智能技术、多媒体技术、传感器技术等的迅速发展,虚拟仿真在科学领域已经得到了广泛的应用并具有巨大的市场需求。在地质学中,国内外高校已经将虚拟仿真技术应用到教学中,使其打破了传统教学的时空限制。但目前虚拟仿真在该领域的应用还存在场景内容欠缺,交互感不足,细节展示不够等问题。为能够进一步拓展虚拟仿真技术在地质学中的应用思路,文章对虚拟仿真技术在多个科学学科中的应用情况进行研究,介绍了面向地学的综合型、国际化的沉浸式虚拟仿真实验室实例。综合型的地学虚拟仿真实验室的建立,将深度融合地学与虚拟仿真技术,为多学科交叉融合、国际化教学等未来的教学发展方向提供更有效的平台。