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181.
T. Wang H. Guo D. R. Blake Y. H. Kwok I. J. Simpson Y. S. Li 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2005,52(3):295-317
We present a 16-month record of ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), total reactive nitrogen (NOy), sulphur dioxide (SO2), methane (CH4), C2 – C8 non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), C1 – C2 halocarbons, and dimethyl sulfide (DMS) measured at a southern China coastal site. The study aimed to establish/update seasonal
profiles of chemically active trace gases and pollution tracers in subtropical Asia and to characterize the composition of
the `background' atmosphere over the South China Sea (SCS) and of pollution outflow from the industrialized Pearl River Delta
(PRD) region and southern China. Most of the measured trace gases of anthropogenic origin exhibited a winter maximum and a
summer minimum, while O3 showed a maximum in autumn which is in contrast to the seasonal behavior of O3 in rural eastern China and in many mid-latitude remote locations in the western Pacific. The data were segregated into two
groups representing the SCS background air and the outflow of regional continental pollution (PRD plus southern China), based
on CO mixing ratios and meteorological conditions. NMHCs and halocarbon data were further analyzed to examine the relationships
between their variability and atmospheric lifetime and to elucidate the extent of atmospheric processing in the sampled air
parcels. The trace gas variability (S) versus lifetime (τ) relationship, defined by the power law, Slnx = Aτ− b, (where X is the trace gas mixing ratio) gives a fit parameter A of 1.39 and exponent b of 0.42 for SCS air, and A of 2.86 and b of 0.31 for the regional continental air masses. An examination of ln[n-butane]/ln[ethane] versus ln[propane]/ln[ethane] indicates that their relative abundance was dominated by mixing as opposed
to photochemistry in both SCS and regional outflow air masses. The very low ratios of ethyne/CO, propane/ethane and toluene/benzene
suggest that the SCS air mass has undergone intense atmospheric processing since these gases were released into the atmosphere.
Compared to the results from other polluted rural sites and from urban areas, the large values of these species in the outflow
of PRD/southern China suggest source(s) emitting higher levels of ethyne, benzene, and toluene, relative to light alkanes.
These chemical characteristics could be unique indicators of anthropogenic emissions from southern China. 相似文献
182.
Vertical migration of municipal wastewater in deep injection well systems,South Florida,USA 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
Deep well injection is widely used in South Florida, USA for wastewater disposal largely because of the presence of an injection zone (“boulder zone” of Floridan Aquifer System) that is capable of accepting very large quantities of fluids, in some wells over 75,000 m3/day. The greatest potential risk to public health associated with deep injection wells in South Florida is vertical migration of wastewater, containing pathogenic microorganisms and pollutants, into brackish-water aquifer zones that are being used for alternative water-supply projects such as aquifer storage and recovery. Upwards migration of municipal wastewater has occurred in a minority of South Florida injection systems. The results of solute-transport modeling using the SEAWAT program indicate that the measured vertical hydraulic conductivities of the rock matrix would allow for only minimal vertical migration. Fracturing at some sites increased the equivalent average vertical hydraulic conductivity of confining zone strata by approximately four orders of magnitude and allowed for vertical migration rates of up 80 m/year. Even where vertical migration was rapid, the documented transit times are likely long enough for the inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms. 相似文献
183.
根据中国地震局地球物理研究所中国数字地震台网数据管理中心 (CDSN DMC)从美国地震学合作研究会数据管理中心 (IRIS DMC)得到的资料 ,2 0 0 0年 9月全球范围内共发生 M≥ 5 .0地震 81次 (见表 1 ) ,发生在厄瓜多尔沿海的 M6 .6地震为 9月的最大地震。 9月发生的 81次 M≥5 .0地震中有 49次发生在东半球 ,32次发生在西半球。1 0月全球范围内共发生 M≥ 5 .0地震 1 1 9次 (见表 2 ) ,其中 7级以上地震 1次 ,即 1 0月 6日日本本州南部 7.0级地震。在 1 0月发生的 1 1 9次 M≥ 5 .0地震中有 76次发生在东半球 ,43次发生在西半球。东半… 相似文献
184.
In our work,ocean ridge granite,i.e., Oytan plagiogranite massif,was discovered in western Qinghai-Xizang plateau.It intruded into the basic lava of the Oytag ophiolite suite and it was formed a little later than the (ultra)mafic rocks of the Oytag ophiolite suite.The Oytang plagiogranite possesses the geochemical characteristics of mantle-source granite and was formed in the “supre-subduction zone”(SSZ)ocean ridge environment,like the ocean ridge granite of Troodos,Cypus. 相似文献
185.
金刚石中的高钾高氯包体和地幔交代作用 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
在山东产出的两颗八面体金刚石中发现高钾高氯包体(K 48~58wt%,Cl 37~48wt%)。与之伴生的有碳质物和硅酸盐矿物包体。高钾高氯包体及其共生组合代表了金刚石生长初期阶段陷获的上地幔液相物质。这些液相物质富H_2O、K、Cl和碳质,并联系着地幔交代作用,其中碳质物可能是金刚石生长的碳源。 相似文献
186.
187.
X射线荧光光谱法测定叶腊石中的铝铁钾钠 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用同一矿区已知成分含量的叶腊石配制标样系列,克服了粉末法测定叶腊石中Al2O3,Fe2O3,K2O,Na2O的矿物和粒度效应。分析结果准确度满足出口材料的检测要求。 相似文献
188.
地球系统科学与数字地球 总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17
数字地球将为地球系统科学研究带来研究方法,研究手段和信息获取渠道的革命,因对地观测和数据资源共享技术的发展将使传统的野外地学作业逐步走向现代化,从而使地球系统科学的建立真正成为可能。 相似文献
189.
190.
The upper spontaneous potential produced by oil and gas accumulation is of a stable potential field, and its intensity is directly proportional to the content of the source and inversely proportional to the radius apart from the source. Theoretical research and practical results show that anomalies of spontaneous potential can indicate oil-bearing sandstone bodies and locate the areas of oil and gas accumulation. In oil areas which have fewer reservoir beds, the petroleum reservoir thickness can be predicted by determining the linear relationship between potential intensity and apparent equivalent thickness. In the Weixing (卫星) oilfield, which is devoid of sufficient reservoir beds, its apparent equivalent thickness can be predicted by the linear equation h= -0.19x+0.74. On the basis of geological research, we use the spontaneous potential method to predict the equivalent thickness, helping in the selection of the most appropriate drill sites to enhance the probability of successful well boring so as to serve the next round development of the oilfield. 相似文献