北京十三陵元古宙大红峪组含事件信息的沉积岩研究

北京十三陵元古宙大红峪组在不足４ｋｍ的距离内岩相急剧变化,实为国内外罕见。从东至西,泰陵剖面由灰色角砾硅化岩＋黑色粉砂凝灰页岩＋黄色含长石石英砂岩组成,山顶部面由不纯砂岩＋泥质白云岩组成,德胜口剖面由泥质白云岩＋石英砂岩＋层凝灰岩组成。本文仅对泰陵剖面大红峪组的三种岩石进行系统研究。宏观、微观特征、地球化学和同位素地球化学分析数据表明：泰陵剖面大红峪组的灰色角砾硅化岩和黑色粉砂凝灰页岩是受火山－地     

Cretaceous–Tertiary geology of the Gangdese Arc in the Linzhou area, southern Tibet

Knowledge of the Cretaceous–Tertiary history of upper crustal shortening and magmatism in Tibet is fundamental to placing constraints on when and how the Tibetan plateau formed. In the Lhasa terrane of southern Tibet, the widely exposed angular unconformity beneath uppermost Cretaceous–lower Tertiary volcanic-bearing strata of the Linzizong Formation provides an excellent geologic and time marker to distinguish between deformation that occurred before vs. during the Indo-Asian collision. In the Linzhou area, located  30 km north of the city of Lhasa, a > 3-km-thick section of the Linzizong Formation lies unconformably on Cretaceous and older rocks that were shortened by both northward- and southward-verging structures during the Late Cretaceous. The Linzizong Formation dips northward in the footwall of a north-dipping thrust system that involves Triassic–Jurassic strata and a granite intrusion in the hanging wall. U–Pb zircon geochronologic studies show that the Linzizong Formation ranges in age from 69 Ma to at least 47 Ma and that the hanging wall granite intrusion crystallized at  52 Ma, coeval with dike emplacement into footwall Cretaceous strata. ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar thermochronologic studies suggest slow cooling of the granite between 49 and 42 Ma, followed by an episode of accelerated cooling to upper crustal levels beginning at  42 Ma. The onset of rapid cooling was coeval with the cessation of voluminous arc magmatism in southern Tibet and is interpreted be a consequence of either (1) Tertiary thrusting in this region or (2) regional rock uplift and erosion following removal of overthickened Gangdese arc lower crust and upper mantle or break-off of the Neo-Tethyan oceanic slab.     

豫西一次强对流天气成因分析

利用常规气象资料和多普勒雷达资料,从天气形势、物理量场和雷达回波演变特征等方面对2010年9月4日豫西的一次强对流天气过程成因进行诊断.结果表明:这次强对流天气发生在低压环流前部,弱冷空气的侵入对不稳定能量释放起触发作用,速度场的辐合为中气旋的产生提供了有力的动力支持,大气的不稳定和低层充沛的水汽条件有利于超级单体风暴的形成和发展,中气旋是此次强对流天气过程的直接影响系统.     

异常气温作用于水稻一维能量模型的数值分析

应用动力学方程建立四川内江市水稻的生长模型,通过FORCAL和MATLAB对方程参数拟合,并进行数值分析和定性分析,为水稻产量预报和气温对水稻生物量的影响评估提供科学依据。在传统的一维能量模型基础上,将水稻对外界能量的摄取能力与水稻生长季中的气温变化规律联系起来,得到水稻的生长曲线x（t）,并通过相平面轨迹得到x—T曲线,定性分析水稻的临界气温和最快生长率出现时间。通过低温对水稻分蘖期和高温对生殖生长期影响的比较,得出如下结论：水稻后期受高温影响比前期受低温影响严重。     

基于GeoStudio的边坡稳定性分析及支护方案选择的理论探讨

本文选择大连市中山区长利巷地区的边坡,通过现场采取岩土样,进行室内试验得出各地层力学物理参数,对边坡进行稳定性分析。针对目前所拥有的模拟软件与方法,分析并筛选出适合该边坡的模拟软件。利用GeoStudio软件建模、模拟,使用Morgenstern-Price方法进行计算,通过分析得到计算结果,该边坡的安全安全系数为1. 127,认为其属于不稳定边坡。对于不稳定边坡,本文对主流的边坡支护方法进行分析筛选,拟采用扶壁式挡土墙支护方案对其进行预防。根据规范设计挡土墙尺寸,并对该挡土墙进行抗倾覆抗滑移验算,得出的验算安全系数满足规范要求,由此可得知该支护方案方法合理,技术可行。     

基于TRMM 3B43产品的1998-2016年黄淮海平原降水时空特征研究

以黄淮海平原为研究区,基于59个气象站点的逐月降水数据,采用相关系数(R)、相对误差(BIAS)和均方根误差(RMSE)对TRMM 3B43降水产品的精度进行系统评估,揭示黄淮海平原降水的时空变化规律.研究表明:①TRMM 3B43产品对研究区内大部分气象站点存在轻微高估现象,总体上TRMM产品和站点数据在黄淮海平原的...     

Magnetic-field variations in the active region NOAA 10486 and their relationship to X-ray flares and coronal mass ejections

SOHO/MDI magnetograms are used to analyze the time variations in the magnetic parameters of the active region (AR) NOAA 10486, which was part of a large activity complex that passed over the solar disk from October 26 to 31, 2003, during solar cycle 23. The results are compared with X-ray flares in the AR and the parameters of coronal mass ejections associated with the AR. The time variations in the distributions of themagnetic-field strengths associated with the total magnetic flux (Fa), the flux imbalance between the northern and southern polarities (Im), the complexity of the field, as a measure of the mutual overlapping of the opposite polarities (Co), and the tilt angle of the magnetic axis (An) are considered. The time variations in the free energy accumulated in current sheets of ARs were traced using a parameter introduced for this purpose (Sh). The following results were obtained. First, the parameters Fa, Im, Co, An, and Sh quantitatively describe the current state of the AR and can be used to trace and analyze the dynamical evolution of its magnetic field. Second, variations in the magnetic-field-strength distributions and the mean values of Fa, Im, Co, An, and Sh are associated with flares and coronal mass ejections, and the variations have considerable amplitudes. Third, the parameter Sh characterizing the degree to which the magnetic field is non-potential in regions adjacent to the main neutral line increases before eruptive events, and is thus particular interest for monitoring the states of ARs in real time. Fourth, the magnetic field of the AR manifests a sort of quasi-elasticity, so that the field structure is restored after active events, on average, within 1–3 h.     

震中迁移与前兆穴位

1985年5月,在昆明举行了西南地震工作二十周年纪念大会。作者在会上宣读了震中迁移与前兆穴位的论文。本文就是在这篇论文的基础上写出的。我们发现在过去震中迁移的始发点上的前兆手段一旦观测到短临异常,则台址附近有震或历史上震中迁移所至之处有震(误差约60公里)。另外过去地震幕的开幕点上的前兆也具有类似的情况。我们称震中迁移始发点为震迁穴,称开幕点为开幕穴。为了理解上述现象,我们可把震中迁移广义化为构造事件的迁移。这种构造事件速度快者为地震,次快者不发射地震波,但可引起其他前兆。据此可把甲地向乙地的构造事件迁移分为以下三种情况。1.快速事件(地震)→快速事件(地震) 2.次快速事件(前兆)→快速事件(地震) 3.地震(快速事件)→次快速事件(后效) 如果一个迁移带上已表现过第一种情况,则第二和第三种情况也可能表现。其中第二种情况具有前兆定向预报的意义,是本文讨论的重。对于震迁穴上的前兆为什么属于短临前兆的问题,我们可用立交模式和调制模式相结合来解释。从调制模式的角度来看,地震迁移始发点和开幕点一旦呈现后,若历时又不很长,则它们是容易被调制的地点(简称易调点)。易调点被外因调制后可触发下岩石圈中的蠕滑断层传播,从而引起其他地段的大震发生。我们认为前兆穴位可分两种:一种为静态穴位,如由构造条件和台址条件决定的穴位;另一种是动态穴位,如由地震活动图象决定的穴位。本文还提出了构交穴、库渗穴、震后穴、垂烈穴和址良穴等。这些都需要进一步研究。以上讨论的是用前兆资料结合历史上震中迁移资料预报地震的方法。这只是预报方案之一。另一方案是前兆观测点附近有震,其发震日期仍按调制公式计算,其震级可按前兆范围半径R与震级M的关系式计算。从组合模式出发,作者和秦保燕得出以下公式: 若取近似式,则为: logR=0.5M-1.4 式中R以公里为单位。如用单台前兆资料,则不同的R相应不同的震级。     

Deep Structure and Dynamics of Passive Continental Margin from Shelf to Ocean of the Northern South China Sea

To study the deep dynamic mechanism leading to the difference in rifting pattern and basin structure from shelf to oceanic basin in passive continental margin,we constructed long geological sections across the shelf,slope and oceanic basin using new seismic data.Integrated gravity-magnetic inversion and interpretation of these sections were made with the advanced dissection method.Results show that the basement composition changes from intermediate-acid intrusive rocks in the sheff to intermediate-basic rocks in the slope.The Moho surface shoals gradually from 31 km in the sheff to 22.5 km in the uplift and then 19 km in the slope and finally to 13 km in the oceanic basin.The crust thickness also decreases gradually from 30 km in the northern fault belt to 9 km in the oceanic basin.The crustal stretching factor increases from the shelf toward the oceanic basin,with the strongest extension under the sags and the oceanic basin.The intensity of mantle upwelling controlled the style of basin structures from sheff to oceanic basin.In the Zhu 1 depression on the shelf,the crust is nearly normal,the brittle and cold upper crust mainly controlled the fault development;so the combinative grabens with single symmetric graben are characteristic.In the slope,the crust thinned with a large stretching factor,affected by the mantle upwelling.The ductile deformation controlled the faults,so there developed an asymmetric complex graben in the Baiyun (白云) sag.     

山西陵川地区上石炭统-下二叠统太原组15#煤层成煤环境分析

山西陵川地区上石炭统一下二叠统太原组K1段出露良好,其顶部的15#煤层为沁水盆地石炭二叠系煤田主采煤层之一.通过对K1段岩性、沉积构造、沉积序列、植物化石及煤岩组分等特征的综合分析,将该段划分为潟湖、障壁岛、潮坪、溢流扇等4种沉积相以及混合坪、泥坪、泥炭坪等3种沉积亚相.结合15#煤层沉积背景及煤岩特征,认为本区15#煤层是在海退导致潮坪暴露形成古土壤之后所产生的低位泥炭沼泽的基础上形成的,它结束于之后的一次快速的、更大规模的海侵.在综合研究成煤地质背景的基础上,提出研究区15#煤层属于滨岸潮坪成煤模式.这一成果为今后山西沁水盆地东南部该煤层的深层勘探开发及煤层气的生成地质背景提供了基础理论资料.