On the seismic regime network method

In this paper, based on the previous study of practical use of seismic regime windows and seismic regime belts, the problem of establishing a “seismic regime network” consisting of “windows” and “belts” is further posed and discussed according to the observed fact that many “windows” and “belts” make responses to one earthquake. For the convenience of usage, the “seismic regime network” is divided into two classes, the first class and the second one. The former can be used in tendency prediction for long-term seismic activity in a large area, the latter used in short-term prediction in a small area. In this paper, after briefly discussing the physical significance of “seismic regime network”, it is pointed out that this simple and easily used method can be used to observe and extract seismic precursory information from a large area before a great earthquake, thus it can provide a reliable basis for the analysis and judgement of seismic regime tendency in time and space. No doult, this method is of certain practical significance. The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,13, 161–169, 1991. The English version of this paper is improved by Prof. Shaoxie Xu.     

徐武家麻粒岩相糜棱岩

内蒙中部土贵乌拉南徐武家早前寒武纪麻粒岩地体中发育北东向韧性剪切带,其中发现有宽达5km 的麻粒岩相糜棱岩剖面,成分相当于紫苏辉长岩、钠质花岗岩和泥质岩的麻粒岩相糜棱岩出露齐全,保存完整。二辉斜长麻粒岩中紫苏辉石、斜长石、钾长石和透辉石斑晶普遍发育强烈的塑性形变;细粒重结晶相矿物组合 Hy+Di+Pl+Kf+Hb+Bi+Scap+Q 显示糜棱岩形成于麻粒岩相变质条件,二辉石矿物对给出温度 T=710℃。该糜棱岩带与麻粒岩相变辉长岩和地壳熔融型石榴子石花岗岩密切共生,这一事实既确证了韧性剪切带在麻粒岩变质过程中发育,为研究该区麻粒岩相岩带构造演化找到了一个构造标志,同时,也为深入探讨下地壳的实际构造过程,包括麻粒岩相条件下剪切形变发生的饥理以及克拉通化提供了地质实例。     

物化探多参数在小合隆地区找油气中的应用

对吉林省小合隆地区物化探找油工作的具体测量及采样是以剖面法进行的,在各点位上做了放射性伽玛能谱总计数率、铀、钍、钾及218Po的测量,同时取土壤样做了△C、吸附烃、发光沥青指标紫外、荧光的分析.通过对物化探多参数综合异常及构造图的分析,预测了有利勘探区,初步认为各异常显示可能反映深部含油气组合.     

对岛状融区房建冻害的几点认识——以沱沱河兵站楼房为例

座落在岛状融区中的青藏高原沱沱河兵站楼房,由于跨年度施工,楼房各部位季节冻深和融化速度不一,引起不均匀下沉,致使墙体产生严重裂缝。岛状融区是工程地质环境敏感区。在太阳辐射强烈的青藏高原,现行建筑规范中房屋采暖对冻深的影响系数偏小,建议对北外墙中段和角端应比规范规定系数分别增大0.2和0.3。     

金刚石中的高钾高氯包体和地幔交代作用

在山东产出的两颗八面体金刚石中发现高钾高氯包体(K 48～58wt％,Cl 37～48wt％)。与之伴生的有碳质物和硅酸盐矿物包体。高钾高氯包体及其共生组合代表了金刚石生长初期阶段陷获的上地幔液相物质。这些液相物质富H_2O、K、Cl和碳质,并联系着地幔交代作用,其中碳质物可能是金刚石生长的碳源。     

浙江北山植物资源及其开发利用

北山位于浙江中部,地处中亚热带北缘,计有野生维管植物167科,574属,1149种。本文评价了北山植物资源的现状,提供了合理开发利用的途径,提出了今后开发利用的重点,并对植物资源的保护提出了一系列的建议。     

基于熵值法和突变级数法的泥石流易损度评价

泥石流易损度（危害性）评价是泥石流风险评估的重要组成部分.结合熵值法和突变理论的泥石流易损度评价方法，采用客观的熵值法判断指标间相对重要程度，利用突变级数法计算突变级数值进行评价，方法理论基础牢固且避免了确定指标权重值的弊端.以吉林省和龙市地质灾害调查与区划中的10条泥石流易损度评价实例进行验证，结果表明：数据获取、标准化和评价过程简便，易损度等级以轻度和中度为主的评价结果符合实际情况，该方法经过完善指标体系后可更加合理地应用于实际工作中.因此，基于熵值法和突变理论的泥石流易损度评价方法是可行的、可靠的.     

浙江江山晚奥陶世浊积岩系特征及浙西浊积扇模式的探讨

在扬子地台东南的浙西、皖南地区,晚奥陶世晚期地层具有鲜明的沉积学特征。它对认识本区加里东晚期古构造环境有着十分重要的意义。关尹文(1959)、李继亮(1978)、吕洪波(1987)、余素玉(1986)先后在临安、宁国、绩溪等地对其韵律结构、沉积构造及矿物岩石学方面进行了不同程度的研究。关尹文、吕洪波称之为浅水复理石。李继亮认为是深水浊流沉积。笔者(1989)在江山一带对相应地层进行了系统的沉积相研究,结合浙、皖浊积岩系特征的对比,对浊积扇的构成及其发育的构造古地理条件进行了初步探讨。     

某些幔源矿物晶体中异常消光现象的显微喇曼谱研究

异常消光是一种在幔源晶体中常可观察到的物性改变现象,然而它与晶体的真实结构之间的内在联系却至今仍未被认识清楚。本项工作试图用一种灵敏的微区结构探测新技术——显微激光喇曼谱方法研究幔源晶体中由构造作用导致的异常消光现象的结构本质。实验结果说明:上地幔高温蠕变作用对橄榄石及辉石主要感应了晶体内微区晶轴取向的变化,还未能产生明显的结构相变;不同的异常消光现象反映晶轴扭转的单位大小不同,并主要依赖于矿物晶体本身的结构特性。     

The Interannual Variability of Climate in a Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Model

In this paper, the interannual variability simulated by the coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP CGCM) in 40 year integrations is analyzed, and compared with that by the corresponding IAP AGCM which uses the climatic sea surface temperature as the boundary condition in 25 year integrations.The mean climatic states of January and July simulated by IAP CGCM are in good agreement with that by IAP AGCM, i.e., no serious ‘climate drift’ occurs in the CGCM simulation. A comparison of the results from AGCM and CGCM indicates that the standard deviation of the monthly averaged sea level pressure simulated by IAP CGCM is much greater than that by IAP AGCM in tropical region. In addition, both Southern Oscillation (SO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) can be found in the CGCM simulation for January, but these two oscillations do not exist in the AGCM simulation.The interannual variability of climate may be classified into two types: one is the variation of the annual mean, another is the variation of the annual amplitude. The ocean-atmosphere interaction mainly increases the first type of variability. By means of the rotated EOF, the most important patterns corresponding to the two types of interannual variability are found to have different spatial and temporal characteristics.