瘤背石磺体腔细胞分类、免疫相关酶特性及初步转录组学分析

瘤背石磺(Onchidium struma)广泛分布于潮间带和潮下带,是海洋生物向陆地生物辐射进化的重要代表,也是环境监测的指示生物.为丰富瘤背石磺的基础免疫学资料,本文研究了瘤背石磺体腔细胞的类别、细胞密度和体腔液免疫相关酶活性,并通过RNA-Seq测序获得体腔细胞转录本,进行生物信息学分析.结果表明,瘤背石磺主要有...     

Submarine groundwater discharge and benthic biogeochemical zonation in the Huanghe River Estuary

Submarine groundwater discharge(SGD) has received increasing attention by studies on coastal areas; however,its effects on biogeochemical zonation have not been investigated to date. The Huanghe River Estuary(HRE) is a world class river estuary with high turbidity, and heavy human regulation. This study investigated how SGD is related to the benthic biogeochemistry of the HRE. Based on the distribution of several parameters(e.g., salinity,temperature, dissolved oxygen(DO) levels, p H, radium iso...     

大陆岛入海沉积物通量的估算研究

大陆岛入海沉积物通量（Q_s）信息对于精确解译大陆架沉积记录的研究是个重要补充。针对如何估算大陆岛Q_s的科学问题,本文以中国东南部海域的8 227个大陆岛为例,提出了一种基于邻近大陆中小型河流Q_s的经验公式计算大陆岛Q_s的解决方案。该方案在实施时需设置两个假定,即大陆岛的Q_s法则遵循邻近大陆中小河流的Q_s法则和可将1个大陆岛当作1个河流流域计算其Q_s。结果表明：（1）经验公式计算的大陆岛Q_s为其最小估计值;如考虑大陆岛流域的具体情况,实际的Q_s值会稍微增加,但其增幅不超过n^0.13（n为流域数量）;（2）经验公式能获取大陆岛Q_s的大致数量级信息;大陆岛的总面积为4 418.49 km²,对应Q_s的数量级为10⁶ t/a,与邻近大陆中型河流入海通量的数量级相当;（3）在大河河口湾充填阶段完成以前,大陆岛沉积物是内陆架泥质沉积体的主要物源之一。因此,大陆岛入海沉积物会对大陆架沉积体系的形成和演化造成一定程度的影响,需引起研究人员的高度重视。     

Simulating the influence of various nutrient sources on hypoxia off the Changjiang River Estuary

Hypoxia is increasingly reported off the Changjiang River Estuary with the confluence of multiple high volume nutrient sources. The Regional Ocean Modeling System coupled with a biological model was used to analyze the effect of different nutrient sources on the development of hypoxia off the Changjiang River Estuary. By comparing to observed data, our model suitably captured the regional dynamics of chlorophyll a, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient concentration. A series of sensitivity experiments were conducted to investigate the hypoxia response to the various nutrient sources, such as loading from the Changjiang River, Kuroshio and Taiwan Warm Current. Our model results indicated that nutrients from different sources significantly influenced the hypoxia off the Changjiang River Estuary, and it was mostly affected by nutrients sourced from the Kuroshio. The nutrients input from the Changjiang River had larger impacts on the hypoxia in the north of 30°N than that in the south of 30°N. The nutrients sourced from the Taiwan Strait had a least influence on the hypoxia off the Changjiang River Estuary.     

Petroleum pollution in surface sediments of Daya Bay,South China,revealed by chemical fingerprinting of aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons

Nine surface sediments collected from Daya Bay have been Soxhlet-extracted with 2:1 (v/v) dichloromethane-methanol. The non-aromatic hydrocarbon (NAH) fraction of solvent extractable organic matter (EOM) and some bulk geochemical parameters have been analyzed to determine petroleum pollution of the bay. The NAH content varies from 32 to 276 μg g⁻¹ (average 104 μg g⁻¹) dry sediment and accounts for 5.8–64.1% (average 41.6%) of the EOM. n-Alkanes with carbon number ranging from 15 to 35 are identified to be derived from both biogenic and petrogenic sources in varying proportions. The contribution of marine authigenic input to the sedimentary n-alkanes is lower than the allochthonous input based on the average n-C₃₁/n-C₁₉ alkane ratio. 25.6–46.5% of the n-alkanes, with a mean of 35.6%, are contributed by vascular plant wax. Results of unresolved complex mixture, isoprenoid hydrocarbons, hopanes and steranes also suggest possible petroleum contamination. There is strong evidence of a common petroleum contamination source in the bay.     

Improving performances of ITO/GaP contact on AlGaInP light-emitting diodes

In this paper AlGaInP light emitting diodes with different types of electrodes: Au/Zn/Au-ITO Au/Ti-ITO Au/Ge/Ni-ITO and Au-ITO are fabricated. The photoelectricity properties of those LEDs are studied. The results show that the Au/Zn/Au electrode greatly improves the performance of LEDs compared with the other electrodes. Because the Au/Zn/Au electrode not only forms a good Ohmic contact with indium tin oxide (ITO), but also reduces the specific contact resistances between ITO and GaP, which are 1.273×10^-6 Ω · cm² and 1.743×10^-3 Ω ·cm² between Au/Zn/Au-ITO and ITO-GaP respectively. Furthermore, the textured Zn/Au-ITO/Zn electrode is designed to improve the performances of LEDs, reduce the forward-voltage of the LED from 1.93 to 1.88 V, and increase the luminous intensity of the LEDs from 126 to 134 mcd when driven at 20 mA.     

Effect of strong magnetic field on chemical potential and electron capture in magnetar

The chemical potential of electrons in a strong magnetic field is investigated. It is shown that the magnetic field has only a slight effect on electron chemical potential when B<10¹¹ T, but electron chemical potential will decrease greatly when B>10¹¹ T. The effects of a strong magnetic field on electron capture rates for ⁶⁰Fe are discussed, and the result shows that the electron capture sharply decreases because of the strong magnetic field.     

Sr2CoO4-δ薄膜中的自旋玻璃态的磁性质研究

用脉冲激光沉积方法(PLD)在铝酸镧衬底上制备了c取向的高氧空位含量的锶钴氧薄膜.X射线衍射分析表明薄膜单一取向且没有明显杂相.原位的高气压反射式高能电子衍射仪(RHEED)监测显示,薄膜为层状生长.通过对薄膜磁化强度随温度、磁场及时间的变化曲线进行测量,发现零场冷曲线上可能存在两个特征温度:T_f和T_a.T_f为对应玻璃态的冻结温度而T_a对应少量的不缺     

锌对虾夷扇贝和刺参幼体的毒性效应

以虾夷扇贝和刺参幼体为材料,采用急性毒性试验和亚急性毒性试验的方法,研究了锌对虾夷扇贝稚贝及幼贝和刺参幼虫的毒性效应。结果显示,锌对虾夷扇贝稚贝的２４ｈＬＣ５０ ６．４０ｍｇ／Ｌ,４８ｈＬＣ５０为３．３１ｍｇ／Ｌ,７２ｈＬＣ５０为１．３９ｍｇ／Ｌ,９６ｈＬＣ５０为０．６１ｍｇ／Ｌ;而对幼贝的２４ｈＬＣ５０为３．３２ｍｇ／Ｌ,４８ｈＬＣ５０为２．６４ｍｇ／Ｌ。７２ｈＬＣ５０为１．７６ｍｇ／Ｌ,９６ｈ     

热红外波段大气透过率和程辐射的估算方法

文中对M ONTRAN模型内嵌6种大气模式的主要特性差异进行分析,并以中纬度夏季大气模式为例,分析了主要参数(如水汽、臭氧以及气温等)对估算热红外波段大气透过率和程辐射的影响。论文最后对利用探空数据构造完整大气模式进行了研究。