混合访问控制模型在测绘应用系统中的应用

本文在分析测绘系统开发与应用中测绘数据的复杂性,以及大部分测绘系统都包含业务流程等特点的基础上,除了RBAC模型的角色授权外,加入了任务对操作进行授权,对RBAC模型进行了有效的扩展,使其更具通用性.该方法有效解决了传统的RBAC模型在测绘系统应用中存在的弊端,对其他应用系统建设同样具有理论指导.     

Application of Strontium Isotopic Stratigraphy to DatingMarine Sedimentary Units: A Case Study from the PermianStratotype Section in Southern China

The calibration of sedimentary rock absolute dates is one of the difficulties in sedimentological and stratigraphic research. Since strontium(Sr) resides in seawater much longer(≈106 a) than the seawater intermixing time(≈103 a), the Sr isotopic composition of global seawater is uniform at any time and results in a stable system throughout geological history,based on which a global Sr isotope composition dating database has been established for age-calibration of marine strata.The Permian stratigraphic sections in the northern part of the Upper Yangtze block, southern China, record continuous marine sediments with clear stratigraphic boundaries and is suitable for stratigraphic dating of Sr isotopes. Based on sampling and Sr isotopic compositions of Permian carbonate strata in the northern part of the Upper Yangtze, a Permian Sr isotope evolution curve was established. According to the basic principles of Sr isotope stratigraphy, the global Strontium isotope age database can be used to calibrate the Permian stratigraphic dates in the northern Upper Yangtze. The results show that the Sr isotope evolution curves for the marine carbonate rocks in the Permian stratigraphic section of the Upper Yangtze present a decreasing trend from the mid-Qixia stage(P2) to the mid-Wujiaping stage(P3), and then rise from the middle Wujiaping stage to the end of Changxing stage(P3). When the Permian Sr-isotope evolution curve is compared with the global Sr isotope evolution curve in the northern Upper Yangtze, the two are consistent in their long-term evolutionary trend, indicating that Permian global geological events are important controlling factors for the composition and evolution of Sr isotopes. The 87 Sr/86 Sr value decreased gradually in the background of large-scale regressions at the turn of middle to late Permian period, revealing that the Emeishan basalt eruption occurred near the Maokou/Wujiaping boundary(GLB). Srisotope stratigraphy dating was performed on the boundaries of the Qixia Formation/Maokou Formation, Maokou Formation/Wujiaping Formation(GLB), Wujiaping Formation/Changxing Formation(WCB) and the Permian/Triassic(PTB) using the Global Strontium Isotope Age Database. The results are 270.4 Ma, 261.2 Ma, 254.5 Ma and 249.7 Ma,respectively. Based on this, the eruption age of the Emeishan basalts is defined at about 261.2 Ma., which is more coincident with that acquired from other previous dating methods on the eruption age of the Emeishan basalts, and therefore proves that the application of Sr isotopic stratigraphy to dating marine sedimentary units is an effective method.     

多波束测深中声速剖面的横向加密方法

针对声速剖面在横向空间上的低密度、分布不均匀导致水深测量误差的问题,提出了一种容易实现且有效的思路,采用分层取样、空间插值的方法,在后处理过程中人为地增加声速剖面的数量,使其密度足够大、分布更均匀,达到改善声速改正的效果和提高多波束测深精度的目的。     

WorldView-2核线影像立体测图研究

卫星遥感影像大多是线阵推扫式成像模型,且分辨率越米越高,研究遥感影像数字测图具有重要现实意义.线阵推丰J式成像方式与传统框幅式摄影测量小同,线阵CCD的每一扫描行都具有独市的外方位元素,这使得高分辨率遥感影像的核线模型不再是一直线,而是类似于双曲线的形状.比较框幅式摄影测量与推扫式成像核线模型之间的差异,在具有约束条件的情况下,线阵遥感影像的匹配方法仍可在接近一维的形式下进行,加快影像处理的速度.     

水产养殖遥感监测及信息自动提取方法研究

以海南省文昌地区为例,在沿海地区尝试利用遥感监测的手段提取水产养殖地块和面积.采用面向对象的分类方法进行监测,取得了理想效果,同时也提出了提高分类精度的建议.     

FY-3微波成像仪遥感图像地理定位方法研究

MWRI (MicroWave Radiation Imager) is one of the payloads on our next generation polar meteorological satellite FY-3. MWRI conically scans with a fixed incident angle on the earth surface. It is the first time for Chinese remote sensor to use this scan mode. In this work, we present a geolocation method for FY-3 MWRI’s remote sensing image based on its special scan geometry. The integrated coordinate systems and the specific relationships with these coordinate systems are defined. A spatial relationship model between the remote sensing data and the earth-based coordinate system is established. This method also includes an algorithm of satellite orbit computation, which is used to get the satellite’s instantaneous velocity vector from its position. This method has been applied to MWRI’s remote sensing image geolocation. The results show that the accuracy of this method can achieve 1 pixel. The 33 GCPs (Ground Control Points) which are in the regiones of FY-3 MWRI’s observation have been collected and used to analyze the precision of the geolocation. By statistical analysis, the error along-track is about 1.5km, and the error along-scan is about 3.0km. It is obvious that this method fulfills the requirement of precision for FY-3 MWRI whose space resolution exceeds 5km.     

基于Hyperion影像的水稻冠层生化参量反演

采用小区实验与大田应用相结合的方法, 依据扬州实验小区地面实测拔节期、抽穗期及灌浆期的水稻叶片、冠层光谱及氮和叶绿素含量, 采用光谱吸收特征和植被指数分析方法, 得到估算水稻氮和叶绿素含量的最佳光谱特征参数; 结合覆盖江苏姜堰地区大田的Hyperion高光谱遥感影像, 建立反演水稻冠层氮和叶绿素含量的模型, 对研究区大田水稻冠层氮和叶绿素含量进行了反演及制图。结果表明: 经波深中心归一化方法分析, 发现以670nm为中心的光谱吸收特征面积与水稻氮含量呈显著相关性; 基于反转归一化光谱, 结合560nm和670nm两个波段, 建立的植被指数NDVI560_670能很好地反演水稻叶绿素含量。     

基于地面采样点的MODIS等效反射率计算与分析

本文介绍了等效反射率、平均等效反射率的概念及计算方法,以2006年10月在崇明东滩湿地采集的地面光谱反射率数据和MOD IS地面反射率产品为基础数据,计算了试验区等效反射率和平均等效反射率,开展了平均等效反射率与MOD IS反演反射率的比较分析,对MOD IS地面反射率产品精度作了分析和评价。     

通过真正射影像快速构建三维建筑物场景的方法

数字摄影测量技术正从单机工作方式向系统集成的工作方式转变,获取和处理空间数据已变得较为容易。在三维数字城市建筑物建模方面,要求必须快速有效地提取建筑物边界,才有可能进行快速的三维景观建模作业。本文提出了利用DSM和真正射影像相结合构建地形景观的一种新方法,首先从真正射影像上提取建筑物的边界线,对建筑物多边形进行三角化处理,视地面模型为一带洞多边形,同样进行Delaunay三角化处理,接着从DSM和DEM获取建筑物的高度信息,构建三维建筑物模型,最后通过纹理映射的方式,对整个建模场景进行纹理贴图,这一方法取得了较好效果,已经在生产实践中得到了应用。     

基于LSTM的海洋表面短期风速预测研究

为实现对海面风速精确的短期预测,提出了一种基于长短期记忆(LSTM,longshort-termmemory)神经网络的短期风速预测模型,选取OceanSITES数据库中单个浮标站点采集的风速历史数据作为模型输入,经过训练设置最佳参数等步骤,实现了以LSTM方法,对该站点所在海区海面风速在各季节性代表月份海面风速的24 h短期预测。同时通过不同预测时长的实验以及与BP(back propagation)神经网络神经网络和径向基函数神经网络(radialbasisfunctionneuralnetwork,RBF)的预测效果对比实验,证明了LSTM预测方法相比上述两种神经网络预测方法,在海表面风速预测应用中的优越性。最后通过多个海域对应的站点风速数据预测实验,证明了LSTM神经网络模型的普遍适用性,由相关系数和预测误差的分析可知该方法具备应对急剧变化数据的预测稳定性,可以作为海洋表面风速短期预测的一种可靠方法。