川西高原可尔因地区黄土成因研究

川西高原马尔康县境内的可尔因地区黄土分布广泛.黄土主要呈披盖式分布在3~6级阶地上.采用ESR（电子磁旋共振）测年、黄土粒度分析、SEM扫描电镜石英表面形态观察以及区域资料对比,分析了可尔因地区黄土的风成成因,认为应属冰缘黄土.     

Climatology and seasonal variability of satellite-derived chlorophyll a around the Shandong Peninsula

The chlorophyll a (Chl a ) is an important indicator of marine ecosystems. The spatiotemporal variation of the Chl a greatly affects the mariculture and marine ...     

经济手段在海岸带环境管理中的应用

简要阐述了环境经济学的基本理论,并以青岛为例,分析了海岸带环境管理现状和现行经济手段存在的问题,提出了运用经济手段加强海岸带环境管理的建议。     

一种改进的图像边缘检测算法

对传统的微分边缘检测算法的缺陷进行分析和评价,并针对微分边缘检测算法的缺陷,提出了一种改进的边缘检测算法。新算法摈弃了传统边缘检测算法中将每个像素单独进行考虑的模式,而是将待检测像素及与其相邻的像素作为一个整体来考虑,通过将待检测像素为中心的某个领域进行整体计算,得出能够反映这个领域性质的某些参数,并以此作为边缘检测的判据,进行检测。此算法充分考虑到了中心像素与周围像素之间的关系,从而增加了梯度运算的可靠性。实验表明：新算法能够检测到更细的边缘,并且在椒盐噪声的情况下要优于常用的微分边缘检测算法。     

耐盐真菌Aspergillus variecolor B-17产生的烃基苯甲醛衍生物及其细胞毒活性

为从极端环境微生物中获得抗肿瘤药物先导化合物,作者从采自内蒙古盐湖的沉积物中分离了96株耐盐真菌.采用小鼠乳腺癌细胞株tsFT210和海虾(Artemia salina Leach)筛选抗肿瘤活性微生物,1株耐盐真菌Aspergillus variecolor B-17表现出明显的细胞毒活性和海虾致死活性.采用活性跟踪的分离方法,从该菌株的大量发酵产物的石油醚层提取物中分离得到了3个单体化合物.通过一维、二维超导核磁共振、质谱等波谱方法确定其结构分别为:2-(E-1-庚烯基)-3,6-二羟基-5-(3-甲基-2-丁烯基)苯甲醛(1)、2-庚基-3,6-二羟基-5-(3-甲基-2-丁烯基)苯甲醛(2)、2-(E,E-3,5-庚二烯基)-3,6-二羟基-5-(3-甲基-2-丁烯基)苯甲醛(3).化合物1、2和3对P388、A549、HL-60和BEL-7402肿瘤细胞表现弱的细胞增殖抑制活性,IC50值分别为88,68,66,65 μmol/L,9,99,110,84 μmol/L以及77,147,93,203 μmol/L.     

浅议地籍图形管理系统的开发

针对地籍管理的特点,分析了地籍图形管理系统所应具备的功能,详细介绍了地籍图形管理系统的各个功能模块.     

基于水资源约束的中国城镇化SD模型与模拟

中国城镇化正处于快速发展阶段,尽管经济和社会发展主控要素还在发挥重要作用,但水资源在生产、生活和生态方面发挥主控作用的局面愈益明显。在中国城镇化系统动力学（system dynamics,SD）模型基础上,从水资源供给、需求和水环境等层面将水资源作为主控要素嵌入原有模型中,拓展出基于水资源约束的中国城镇化SD模型,并对水资源利用进行了多情景模拟。结果表明：① 系统存流量和灵敏度检验证明模型模拟效果良好,具有可操作性。② 部门用水效率一定时,产业发展对水资源供需平衡的影响比人口增长更为明显。③ 在实行节水农业、节水工业、高生活需水、高生态环境需水和高再生水利用的综合协调方案中,2050年中国城镇化的发展约共需6789.70亿 m³水资源,基本实现水资源供需平衡。     

Growth and feeding habits of invasive Pseudorasbora parva in the Chabalang Wetland(Lhasa,China) and its trophic impacts on native fish

In recent years, fish invasion has become one of the main reasons for the decline of nativefish stocks. Pseudorasbora parva is considered one of the major invasive species worldwide. The present study investigated the fish resources of the Chabalang Wetland(Lhasa, Tibet) during dif ferent seasons in2009 and 2013. Four hundred and twelve individuals were subsampled to estimate age, growth, and feeding habit of P. parva. Furthermore, food relationships between P. parva and the native Schizothoracinae fish were also examined. The results revealed a significant shift in species composition and community structure characterized by the disappearance of native fish and outbreak of non-native fish. The percentage of nonnative P. parva in the fish collections significantly increased from 33.64% in 2009 to 64.08% in 2013.The standard length(SL) ranged from 22.00 to 78.71 mm, and their age was 1–5 a. The von Bertalanf fy function was used to model the observed length-at-age data as Lt =112.19(1– e~(-0.1495(t +0.8012))) for females and as Lt =123.12(1– e~(-0.1500(t +0.7132))) for males. The results indicated that P. parva in Tibet has lower growth and mortality rates compared with that from the native ranges. Ninety-seven prey taxa belonging to 9 prey categories were identified in the gut of 38 P. parva. P. parva can be considered a generalized and opportunistic predator, competing with the native fish, especially Schizothorax o'connori, Schizopygopsis younghusbandi younghusbandi, and Ptychobarbus dipogon, for Bacillariophyta and Chironomid larvae.This is an important reason for the decline in native fish population.     

番红砗磲外套膜色素提取条件优化及成分分析

以番红砗磲(Tridacna crocea)为实验对象,通过单因素对比实验对其外套膜色素的提取条件进行了优化,并利用薄层层析色谱法对色素组成进行了初步分析。结果表明:丙酮和乙醇为适宜的番红砗磲外套膜色素提取剂;使用丙酮为提取剂时,浸提时间为4 h,提取温度为25℃,料液比为1︰40。使用乙醇为提取剂时,浸提时间为4 h,提取温度为30℃,料液比为1︰200;利用薄层色谱法分离外套膜颜色为蓝色和红棕色的番红砗磲外套膜色素后发现,蓝色番红砗磲外套膜色素由9种色素组分构成,红棕色个体番红砗磲外套膜色素由10种色素组分构成。