浅谈如何应用Pinnacle概算Javad GPS外业数据

简述了如何使用Pinnacle软件处理Javad公司生产的GPS接收机接收GPS数据的步骤及在生产实践中总结的一些作业经验.     

双曲面模型深海三维定位数据模拟及精度分析

结合声波射线传播规律提出了双曲面模型水声定位的数据模拟方法。利用该方法模拟一定浮标网形下声源位于某区域约2 000m水深处10km×10km范围内的声线双曲面模型定位观测数据,进行定位解算,并将截止角的概念引入水声定位中。定位结果显示,大部分区域水下DGPS定位系统的外符合定位精度在水平方向优于5m,垂直方向优于10m;网形中间区域精度较高,三维定位精度为亚米级。引入角度限制后,定位区域内外符合定位精度水平方向优于1m,垂直方向优于4m。     

无舵翼水下机器人路径跟踪控制研究

针对无舵翼水下机器人的各种不同任务要求下的路径跟踪控制进行研究。通过模拟人的运动行为,建立了虚拟避碰声纳模型。根据地形跟踪的方法提出基于虚拟声纳的路径跟踪控制方法,并通过考虑纵向速度对于其他各个自由度运动的影响设计了运动控制器。通过海上试验验证了所提出的路径跟踪控制方法对于无舵翼水下机器人是可以满足实际需要的。     

三次样条插值在浮性频率计算中的应用

在普遍利用海洋观测站标准层的温度、盐度数据估算稳定层化海水浮性频率的传统算法中引入自然三次样条插植方法，不仅可使计算结果的精度得以提高，而且还可方便地对观测深度范围内的任一水层进行插值，从而获得总体曲率最小的温度、盐度和浮性频率随深度的分布。本文以南海（13°30’N，118°30’E；9°30’N，lll°30’E）及北太平洋（40°00’N130°00’W）3个测站为例，说明了在浮性频率的传统算法中引入自然三次样条插值法的可行性。     

南海海面高度季节变化的数值模拟

比较POM模式模拟与观测(TOPEX/Poseidon高度计资料)的南海海面高度(SSH)的季节变化在空间分布上的一致性和差异.结果表明:本文使用的POM模式能较好地模拟南海SSH的季节变化;冬季与夏季,春季与秋季南海海面异常场形式完全相反,冬季Ekman输运造成在西海岸的堆积要比夏季在东海岸堆积更明显,而吕宋冷涡中心附近和吕宋海峡海面季节变化振幅最大;除春季以外,在南海绝大部分海域,海面高度的季节变化主要受风力的控制,南海海面热量通量对SSH的季节变化贡献约为20%,风应力对SSH的季节变化的贡献约为80%.     

尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)不同月龄性状的主成分与判别分析

采用主成分与判别分析的方法,研究尼罗罗非鱼形态性状的增长规律,并判定其最佳生长季节体格与月龄的关系。选择2—5月龄尼罗罗非鱼各100尾,测量体长、头长、躯干长、体高、尾柄长、尾柄高、体宽和体重共8个性状,并对其进行主成分与判别分析。主成分分析结果表明:尼罗罗非鱼各月龄的体型特征参数间均有不同程度的正相关(P<0.05),体重与体长、体高的相关性最显著;不同月龄尼罗罗非鱼性状的主成分有所不同,主成分1:2—5月龄均相同为增重因子;主成分2:2—4月龄均为尾柄因子,而5月龄是躯干因子;主成分3:2月龄是头部因子,3—4月龄是躯干因子,5月龄是尾柄因子。通过建立判别式来判断错过最佳生长季节尼罗罗非鱼的体格与大小相符的月龄,判别结果表明,总的判别准确率为99.25%,其中2—4月龄尼罗罗非鱼的判别准确率为100%。     

Tide-induced Lagrangian residual velocity and dynamic analysis based on field observations in the inner Xiangshan Bay,China

In the Xiangshan Bay at the east coast of China, coastal marine pollution is conspicuous and severe in recent years. As transport of the pollutants is closely related to the coastal circulation, there is a great practical significance to investigate the circulation in this area. In this work, the surface pattern and vertical profiles of Lagrangian residual velocity (LRV) were studied based on field observation data from the inner Xiangshan Bay. By tracking GPS-GPRS drifters’ trajectories, the surface LRV pattern is going out in the central deep trough and flowing inwards near the shoreside. Combined with data from two mooring stations, vertical profiles of LRV is flowing out at surface and flowing in at the bottom, consistent with the gravitational circulation induced by baroclinic effects at the estuary. However, according to the diagnostic analysis, the main mechanism driving the residual current is barotropic rather than baroclinic. The LRV equation is controlled by the tidally-averaged barotropic pressure gradient force, tidal body force and tidally-averaged turbulent stress, while the tidally-averaged baroclinic pressure gradient force is one order of magnitude less than other forces. Additionally, the tidally mean eddy viscosity coefficient which is used in the expression of tidally-averaged turbulent stress might be not adequate and requires further studies.     

基于探地雷达的土体构型无损探测方法研究

土体构型对土壤水分、溶质运移过程和作物成长等有显著影响,常规测量采用人工挖土壤剖面取样、实验室化验分析等方法,其周期长效率低。针对以上问题,以探地雷达波形及其图像为研究对象,从检测土体构型的属性(层次、层厚、土质)入手,提出了一种使用探地雷达快速测量土壤土体构型的无损探测方法。基于探地雷达波形图像的纵向梯度信息能够反应土壤分层,采用包络检波法从探地雷达回波中提取包络信号,利用Hilbert分析其瞬时相位来确定分层位置;鉴于土壤介电常数与雷达回波振幅的关系,采用探地雷达回波振幅反演各层介电常数,由介电常数推算雷达波在土壤中的传播速度,以此得到土壤剖面各层厚度;根据探地雷达波形图的图像噪声与土壤砂壤比之间存在定量关系,提出采用主成分分析方法对每一层土质的图像进行噪声估计求得各层土壤的含砂量,结合支持向量机进而辨识各层土壤土质。建立涵盖地域信息、土壤指标、探测信息、图像多特征融合信息的土体构型知识库,并编制快速识别土壤土体构型的信息系统,在内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市周边2个试验基地、6个采样点、4类土壤土体构型使用该方法进行野外探测验证。研究表明:在上述地区地表以下1 m范围内的土体构型识别正确...     

瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachellii)Toll样受体2(TLR2)基因克隆及免疫功能

为探究Toll样受体2(Toll-like receptor 2,TLR2)及下游免疫分子对瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachellii)机体的保护作用,本研究采用RT-PCR及RACE法获得瓦氏黄颡鱼TLR2全长c DNA(2611bp),编码789个氨基酸残基,含有10个富含亮氨酸的重复序列(Leucine Rich Repeat,LRR)和Toll/IL-1R(Toll/IL-1 Receptor Domain,TIR)同源区结构域,属I型跨膜受体。序列同源性比对发现,瓦氏黄颡鱼TLR2 c DNA与斑点叉尾、鲤及虹鳟的同源性分别为78%、62%及49%。系统进化树分析表明,瓦氏黄颡鱼TLR2与斑点叉尾聚为一支。q RT-PCR分析表明,TLR2 m RNA在检测的组织中均有表达,且在头肾和脾脏中表达水平显著高于其他组织(P0.05)。嗜水气单胞菌感染能显著上调瓦氏黄颡鱼肝脏、头肾及脾脏中TLR2 m RNA表达(P0.05),分别在24h、48h及12h达到最大值。头肾中的TLR 2信号通路下游的髓样分化因子、半胱氨酸蛋白酶8、核转录因子kappa B、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素1βm RNA均显著上升(P0.05),分别在24h、12h、48h,48h和48h达到最大值。结果表明,嗜水气单胞菌感染激活了TLR2信号通路,通过上调表达,肿瘤坏死因子α,白细胞介素1β等。本研究表明,TLR2在瓦氏黄颡鱼抵御嗜水气单胞菌侵染的过程中发挥了重要的免疫作用。     

Molecular Characterization and Expression and DNA Methylation Analyses of a Galectin-Related Protein Gene from Cynoglossus semilaevis

Galectins,a family of ?-galactoside-binding proteins,participate in both innate immunity and adaptive immunity.This study identified one novel galectin-related protein from half-smooth tongue sole Cynoglossus semilaevis,which was designated as Cs GRP.The full-length c DNA of its encoding gene was 785 bp in length with a 528 bp open reading frame encoding a putative protein of 176 amino acids.The deduced Cs GRP contained a putative 131-aa galactoside-binding lectin domain and 3 critical residues responsible for carbohydrate binding(R~(93),W~(109) and R~(114)).Genomic structural analysis revealed that Cs GRP consisted of five exons and four introns.Cs GRP showed 68% similarity with Poecilia latipinna GRP and 67% similarity with Stegastes partitus GRP.Cs GRP showed the highest expression level in liver,although its expression was detected in all tested tissues.When challenged with Vibrio harveyi,the expression of Cs GRP was significantly down-regulated in liver(P 0.05).In addition,we found that in spleen and kidney of C.semilaevis,the Cp G island of Cs GRP showed significantly higher(P 0.05) methylation level in disease-resistant family of C.semilaevis(DR-Cs) than in disease-susceptible ones(DS-Cs).Our results suggested that Cs GRP may play important roles in the immune response of C.semilaevis.Moreover,DNA methylation patterns provided valuable data for understanding the relationship between epigenetic regulation and immunity,which would assist the animal genetic research and improve the animal breeding in the future.