全文获取类型
收费全文 | 108901篇 |
免费 | 1285篇 |
国内免费 | 1710篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 3542篇 |
大气科学 | 7746篇 |
地球物理 | 21024篇 |
地质学 | 40916篇 |
海洋学 | 8672篇 |
天文学 | 22129篇 |
综合类 | 2384篇 |
自然地理 | 5483篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 513篇 |
2021年 | 892篇 |
2020年 | 968篇 |
2019年 | 1005篇 |
2018年 | 6627篇 |
2017年 | 5811篇 |
2016年 | 5038篇 |
2015年 | 1660篇 |
2014年 | 2610篇 |
2013年 | 4514篇 |
2012年 | 3620篇 |
2011年 | 6013篇 |
2010年 | 4995篇 |
2009年 | 6247篇 |
2008年 | 5266篇 |
2007年 | 5749篇 |
2006年 | 3428篇 |
2005年 | 2728篇 |
2004年 | 2959篇 |
2003年 | 2779篇 |
2002年 | 2563篇 |
2001年 | 2103篇 |
2000年 | 1984篇 |
1999年 | 1640篇 |
1998年 | 1717篇 |
1997年 | 1571篇 |
1996年 | 1369篇 |
1995年 | 1330篇 |
1994年 | 1175篇 |
1993年 | 1043篇 |
1992年 | 999篇 |
1991年 | 1019篇 |
1990年 | 1102篇 |
1989年 | 908篇 |
1988年 | 883篇 |
1987年 | 1020篇 |
1986年 | 891篇 |
1985年 | 1129篇 |
1984年 | 1253篇 |
1983年 | 1145篇 |
1982年 | 1064篇 |
1981年 | 1043篇 |
1980年 | 927篇 |
1979年 | 877篇 |
1978年 | 860篇 |
1977年 | 737篇 |
1976年 | 708篇 |
1975年 | 709篇 |
1974年 | 663篇 |
1973年 | 714篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
741.
Three methods to correct for the atmospheric propagation delay in very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) measurements were
investigated. In the analysis, the NASA R&D experiments from January 1993 to June 1995 were used. The methods were compared
in correcting for the excess propagation delay due to water vapour, the “wet” delay, at one of the sites, the Onsala Space
Observatory on the west coast of Sweden. The three methods were: (1) estimating the wet delay using the VLBI data themselves;
(2) inferring the wet delay from water vapour radiometer (WVR) data, and (3) using independent estimates based on data from
the global positioning system (GPS). Optimum elevation cutoff angles were 22∘ and 26∘ when using WVR and GPS data, respectively. The results were found to be similar in terms of reproducibility of the estimated
baseline lengths. The shortest baselines tend to benefit from external measurements, whereas the lack of improvement in the
longer baselines may be partly due to the large amount of data thrown away when removing observations at low elevation angles.
Over a 2 week period of intensive measurements, the two methods using external data showed an overall improvement, for all
baseline lengths, compared to the first method. This indicates that there are long-term systematic errors in the wet delay
data estimated using WVR and GPS data.
Received: 27 October 1998 / Accepted: 20 May 1999 相似文献
742.
743.
744.
Anjana Pant S. G. Chavan P. S. Roy K. K. Das 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1999,27(3):133-139
Habitat analysis for sambar in terms of food, cover, water, space and extent of edge in Corbett National Park using remote sensing and GIS has been attempted. Other physical parameters include climate, topography, fire history, disturbance regimes, weeds etc. IRS-IB LISS II data (FCC, hardcopy) on 1:50.000 scale was interpreted to generate vegetation cover and density map. Other maps showing drainage, water bodies, roads, human habitations and contours were prepared using Survey of India topographical maps. During evaluation of sambar habitat information regarding habitat parameters and their tolerance was collected from existing literature as well as during field observations. Twenty-two transects of one km. length were laid down in all the strata randomly to collect information regarding the structure and composition of the forest and also habitat use (direct and indirect evidences) by sambar. This was then integrated using condition-based equations in the GIS domain to generate suitability maps. Actual sightings on the ground to a large extent supported the results. 相似文献
745.
G P Singh 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1999,27(1):1-8
An attempt is made to mark regional geology of part of Lalitpur district. The area is characterized by flat topography gently sloping east ward with isolated hillocks. The well contrasted lithology has been marked on the basis of variation in tone, drainage pattern and texture. The main lithounits are foliated granites/gneiss, banded iron formation, granites, ultra basic, quartz reef and basic dykes. The structural elements of lineaments are visible on aerial photos and imagery which range in length from 1 to 10 km. The lineaments at places intersect with each other. The major trends are NNW- SSE. NE- SW. NNH- SSW. These NNW- SSE and NE-SW lineaments are retlected by well aligned body of quartz- sericite schist and quartz reef respectively. 相似文献
746.
M D Shamim Ansari R. K. Mahey S. S. Sidhu 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1999,27(4):185-192
To predict the crop yield from spectral parameters, a field experiment was conducted on cotton crop during 1997-98 Kharif season on a sandy loam soil at the Punjab Agricultural Unjversity, Ludhiana. India. Spectral reflectance and agronomic measurements were made for cotton species (American and Desi cotton), sown on two dates (May 1 and May 29) under five nitrogen levels (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg/ha). Regression analysis showed that growth variables had poor correlation with seed cotton yield for all three models, however, yield attributes were significantly and highly correlated for second degree model with seed cotton yield. The integrated Radiance Ratio (RR) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) measured over time were significantly correlated quadratically with seed cotton yield on three time segment periods viz., 81–110, 111–140 and 141–200 DAS, but highest correlation values were obtained during 81–110 DAS, In American cotton, the highest correlation coefficient for RR and NDVI were 0.91 and 0.81, respectively; whereas for Desi cotton these values were 0.88 and 0.84, respectively. 相似文献
747.
S M Ramasamy S Balaji C J Kumanan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1999,27(2):91-104
The interpretation of satellite imagery of part of South India falling South of 15 degree North latitude shows that the regional anticlines, synclines, domes and basins of the Precambrian group of metamorphites are aligned in three major hill ranges/domains such as Chitra-durga domain in the north, the Mangalore-Ootacamund-Bangalore domain in the centre and the Cochin-Cape Comorin-Madurai-Chittoor domain in the south. These hills are crescent shaped with their axes of elongation oriented in NNW-SSE direction. The lineaments with ENE-WSW, NE-SW/WNW-ESE and NNW-SSE azimuthal frequencies respectively exhibit extensional, shear and release geometries. Such deformational fabric shows that the tectonic evolution of South India was controlled by two major compressive forces, the first one aligned in N-S direction and the second in ENE-WSW direction. 相似文献
748.
The least-squares ambiguity decorrelation adjustment: a method for fast GPS integer ambiguity estimation 总被引:71,自引:26,他引:71
P. J. G. Teunissen 《Journal of Geodesy》1995,70(1-2):65-82
The GPS double difference carrier phase measurements are ambiguous by an unknown integer number of cycles. High precision relative GPS positioning based on short observational timespan data, is possible, when reliable estimates of the integer double difference ambiguities can be determined in an efficient manner. In this contribution a new method is introduced that enables very fast integer least-squares estimation of the ambiguities. The method makes use of an ambiguity transformation that allows one to reformulate the original ambiguity estimation problem as a new problem that is much easier to solve. The transformation aims at decorrelating the least-squares ambiguities and is based on an integer approximation of the conditional least-squares transformation. This least-squares ambiguity decorrelation approach, flattens the typical discontinuity in the GPS-spectrum of ambiguity conditional variances and returns new ambiguities that show a dramatic improvement in correlation and precision. As a result, the search for the transformed integer least-squares ambiguities can be performed in a highly efficient manner. 相似文献
749.
We present an automated extraction method based on the continuous wavelet transform (CWT) for analyzing solar magnetic loops. The aim of the work is to extract, from the images taken from solar EUV telescopes, the traces of bright loops presumably shaped by the magnetic field of the solar corona. The technique is that of wavelet analysis, using the two-dimensional Morlet wavelet, because of its efficiency in detecting oriented features, which allows us to follow closely the curvature of the loops. Next, we segment the wavelet modulus image and we threshold it, both globally and locally (i.e., adaptively), in order to eliminate the remaining noise. Altogether, our method performs well, it is robust and fast, and could be used as a standard tool for analyzing large data sets expected from missions like SDO. 相似文献
750.
The solar wind conditions at one astronomical unit (AU) can be strongly disturbed by interplanetary coronal mass ejections
(ICMEs). A subset, called magnetic clouds (MCs), is formed by twisted flux ropes that transport an important amount of magnetic
flux and helicity, which is released in CMEs. At 1 AU from the Sun, the magnetic structure of MCs is generally modeled by
neglecting their expansion during the spacecraft crossing. However, in some cases, MCs present a significant expansion. We
present here an analysis of the huge and significantly expanding MC observed by the Wind spacecraft during 9 – 10 November 2004. This MC was embedded in an ICME. After determining an approximate orientation for
the flux rope using the minimum variance method, we obtain a precise orientation of the cloud axis by relating its front and
rear magnetic discontinuities using a direct method. This method takes into account the conservation of the azimuthal magnetic
flux between the inbound and outbound branches and is valid for a finite impact parameter (i.e., not necessarily a small distance between the spacecraft trajectory and the cloud axis). The MC is also studied using dynamic
models with isotropic expansion. We have found (6.2±1.5)×1020 Mx for the axial flux and (78±18)×1020 Mx for the azimuthal flux. Moreover, using the direct method, we find that the ICME is formed by a flux rope (MC) followed
by an extended coherent magnetic region. These observations are interpreted by considering the existence of a previously larger
flux rope, which partially reconnected with its environment in the front. We estimate that the reconnection process started
close to the Sun. These findings imply that the ejected flux rope is progressively peeled by reconnection and transformed
to the observed ICME (with a remnant flux rope in the front part). 相似文献