基于Web的地图符号设计与实现

地图符号化是当前数字地图研究的重要内容之一。着重论述了Web环境下地图符号的构成特征、地图符号的组织及符号配置,以及符号库的基本传输方法,最后给出具体实例,说明了该实践的有效性与可行性。     

基于A*算法的路网数据组织

路网的数据组织是路径规划算法设计的基础。采用C++标准模板库实现基于A*算法的路网数据组织,着重从路网的拓扑结构、空间索引、A*算法数据结构、分层和分网格组织几方面来讨论。最后给出实例证明其有效性。     

Time-Dependent Tsunami Source Following the 2018 Anak Krakatau Volcano Eruption Inferred from Nearby Tsunami Recordings

The eruption of the Anak Krakatau volcano,Indonesia,on 22 December 2018 induced a destructive tsunami(the Sunda Strait tsunami),which was recorded by four nearby tidal gauges.In this study we invert the tsunami records and recover the tsunami generation process.Two tsunami sources are obtained,a static one of instant initial water elevation and a time-dependent one accounting for the continuous evolution of water height.The time-dependent results are found to reproduce the tsunami recordings more satisfactorily.The complete tsunami generation process lasts approximately 9 min and features a two-stage evolution with similar intensity.Each stage lasts about 3.5 min and elevates a water volume of about 0.13 km3.The time,duration and volume of the volcano eruption in general agree with seismic records and geomorphological interpretations.We also test different sizes of the potential source region,which lead to different maximum wave height in the source area,but all the results of time-dependent tsunami sources show the robust feature of two stages of wave generation.Our results imply a time-dependent and complex process of tsunami generation during the volcano eruption.     

Dynamic characteristics of marine soft clay under variable phase difference and initial static shear stress

Abstract

Under seismic loading, the soil layer is subjected to multidirectional cyclic shear stress with different amplitudes and frequencies because of the coupling of multiple shear waves and the soil element within a slope or behind a retaining wall is subjected to initial static shear stress before subjected to cyclic loading. Due to the complexity of seismic loading propagation, a phase difference exists between the initial static shear stress and cyclic shear stress. To investigate the influence of the phase difference and initial static shear stress on cyclic shear strain, cyclic modulus, and cyclic strength, a series of laboratory tests are performed on Wenzhou marine soft clay by multi-directional simple shear system, which can simulate the actual state better by controlling the horizontal cyclic stress in the x and y directions simultaneously. As the phase difference varies from 0° to 90°, the dynamic shear modulus increases and cyclic strain accumulation decreases with an increasing number of cycles. The shear strain increases with the initial shear stress.     

Feasibility of Re-injecting the Production Effluent from Alkali–Surfactant–Polymer Flooding Systems Back into a Reservoir to Further Improve Oil Recovery

Natural Resources Research - Alkali–surfactant–polymer (ASP)-produced effluent contains polymer, alkali and surfactant, and it has higher content of suspended oil droplets and suspended...     

Rift structures and its related unconformities on and adjacent the Dongsha Rise: insights into the nature of the high-velocity layer in the northern South China Sea

Marine Geophysical Research - It is curious that the typical feature of high-velocity layer (HVL) underneath the crust for the magma-rich margin was found in the magma-poor margin of the South...     

Selective feeding of bay scallop Argopecten irradians on phytoplankton community revealed by HPLC analysis of phytopigments in Bohai Sea,China

Understanding the feeding selectivity on phytoplankton by shellfish is currently a big challenge.In order to investigate the feeding behavior of bay scallop(Argopecten irradians)on phytoplankton,we compared its compositions of phytopigments in digestive glands with those in the surrounding seawater,and conducted five consecutive investigations between July and November 2016 in a bay scallop culture area along coast of Qinghuangdao City,northwest of the Bohai Sea,China.Phytopigments in four-size fractionated phytoplankton of seawater(micro-(20-200 μm);nano(L)-[10-20 μm];nano(S)-[2.7-10 μm],and pico-[2.7 μm])and digestive glands of A.irradians were examined to investigate the selective feeding of A.irradians.Results show that fucoxanthin and peridinin constituted the major part of taxonomically diagnostic carotenoids(TDCs)in the micro-and nano(L)-phytoplankton in seawater.Compared with total phytoplankton biomass of seawater(TPB,sum of the four sizes),a substantial decrease of fucoxanthin proportion to total DCs in digestive glands was observed while that of peridinin,19'-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin,alloxanthin and 19'-hexanoyloxy-fucoxanthin showed an obvious increase when those pigments were mainly confined to micro-sized phytoplankton(20-200 μm).However,zeaxanthin and prasinoxanthin were mainly confined to nano(s)-and pico-phytoplankton,of which the proportions in digestive glands were usually lower in TPB.The contribution of lutein to total DCs in digestive glands(with an average of 7.23%)increased compared with TPB of seawater(with an average of 0.63%)during all five sampling times.     

基于多源遥感数据的区域生态系统服务价值年际动态监测 ——以中原城市群为例

通过对多源遥感数据在生态系统服务价值（ESV）遥感模型中的尺度效应分析,选择满足最佳空间分辨率和长时间序列的遥感数据,对中原城市群区域2001~2013年的ESV实现了逐年逐像元水平的动态监测。结果表明：该区应用于遥感模型输入数据的最适空间分辨率为30~1 000 m,相对于30 m尺度,其他尺度估算结果的相对偏差均小于0.4%;结合年际动态监测的需求,选择了MODIS数据产品（空间分辨率500 m,时间尺度1 a）作为遥感模型的最佳数据源;研究区ESV总值在研究期内整体上呈显著增长趋势,增速约为8.6亿元/a,但在持续增长过程中经历了3次波动,且表现得越来越剧烈;在空间上,研究区ESV多年均值呈现出明显的不均衡性,表现为从西南向东部递减的趋势。研究表明此方法简单易行,初步实现了区域ESV年际动态监测遥感模型的准业务化运行。     

三门峡断陷盆地及邻区深部结构及成因——来自深地震反射与大地电磁测深的证据

近年来,围绕三门峡断陷盆地中的油气、地热资源做了大量的工作,成因机制研究较少,严重制约了矿产资源的勘探开发。本文在前人研究工作基础上,结合野外地质调查并利用高精度深反射地震剖面、大地电磁（MT）、重磁等地球物理探测技术,对三门峡盆地进行综合研究。发现三门峡盆地主要由东、西2个负花状构造构成,西花状构造体大于东花状构造体;盆地东部边缘以观音堂隆起与洛阳凹陷相邻,观音堂隆起发育有壳内透镜状低速体,其东、西两侧均发育有规模较大的隐伏逆断层。研究区内莫霍面为大约5 km厚度滑脱层,在深反射地震剖面上表现为蚯蚓状反射特征,指示滑脱层为西向运动。莫霍面滑脱层上部与下部新发现多条弧形断层。地质与地球物理资料综合研究表明,莫霍面滑脱层的解耦作用是三门峡断陷盆地花状构造形成的主因;在不同时空构造力系作用下,形成研究区新生代全地壳旋转花状构造盆地。     

Three-dimensional gravity inversion based on 3D U-Net++

The gravity inversion is to restore genetic density distribution of the underground target to be explored for explaining the internal structure and distribution...