1949—2019 年影响山东的热带气旋时空分布及极端降水和大气环流异常

使用中国气象局热带气旋资料中心的热带气旋最佳路径数据集和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料提供的月平均数据,对北上影响山东的热带气旋（tropical cyclone,TC）及其造成的极端降水进行统计分析,并揭示了有利于 TC北移影响山东的大气环流特征。结果表明：影响山东的 TC主要出现 于 6—9 月,其中盛夏时节（7、8 月）TC对山东影响最大;TC影响山东时,强度主要为台风及以下等 级,或已发生变性;TC会引发山东极端降水事件,TC极端降水多出现在夏秋季（7—9 月）,其中8月的占比最大,9月次之,TC降水在极端降水事件中的占比约为 10%,但年际变化大,有些年份占比达60%以上,特别是1990 年以来 TC对极端降水的贡献显著增强;影响山东的 TC主要生成于西 北太平洋,多为转向型路径;当500 hPa位势高度异常场呈太平洋一日本遥相关型的正位相时,TC更易北上影响山东,此时西北太平洋副热带高压位置偏北,其外围气流会引导TC北上转向,对华东地区造成影响;850 hPa上,南海至西北太平洋存在异常气旋式环流,对流活跃,夏季风环流和季风槽加强,有利于TC的生成和发展,同时,华东、华南上空有异常上升运动,涡度增大,垂直风切变减小,水汽充沛,TC登陆后强度能得到较好的维持。     

Comparison in diversity of eukaryotic algae in surface sediments from different functional sea areas of Qingdao coast,the Yellow Sea,China: a metabarcoding approach

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Surface sediment samples were collected in three different functional sea areas in Qingdao coast, East China, including the inner Jiaozhou Bay, the Laoshan...     

Measurement and Estimative Models of Glacier Mass Balance in China

Attributed to high altitude and inland location, the glaciers in China are characterized by very low temperature. The non-negligible contribution of up to 25% of superimposed ice to the net balance has been taken into account in the mass budget calculation. So too has the internal the accumulation in the infiltration zone of the accumulation area.
The prevailing monsoon climate delivers most of the annual precipitation over glaciated areas of China in the summer, making the major accumulation on those glaciers coincide with the ablation period. Therefore, the annual mass balance should be calculated neither by giving the place of annual accumulation to winter balance, nor annual ablation to summer balance. Rather, it is better done by net accumulation and net ablation during the year. In order to get the annual accumulation and the annual ablation on a glacier, the summer precipitation should be measured at the same time.
Frequent snowfall in the summer season results in intensive fluctuation of surface albedo. This means that, for lack of data on the extremes of ablation, reconstruction of mass balance is unsatisfactory when based on the relationships of accumulation and ablation to precipitation and temperature. The establishment of models, either on the relationship of multi-year mass balance to the equilibrium line and the mass balance gradient of a glacier in steady-state, or on the maximum entropy principle and the hydrometeorological data, helps to estimate the multi-year mass balance of the glacierized area in a mountain range or drainage basin.     

和田河流域水资源与生态环境变化及其对策研究

和田河流域光,热,水、土地资源丰富,农牧业 潜力很大,然而该流域生态环境极其脆弱,环境灾害多发,水资源开发利用及区域发展不可避免地其生态环境产生很大影响。本文从多个侧面阐述了该流域水资源与生态环境的相互关系和影响,并提出了相应的对策和建议。     

A partial susceptibility approach to analysing the magnetic properties of environmental materials: a case study

An approach to expressing the magnetic properties of environmental materials in terms of the contributions of the magnetic susceptibilities of specific magnetic components is reported. The approach links the partial susceptibilities of discrete particles, domains or mineral fractions with the concentration-dependent parameters by means of multiple linear regression methods. The case study, using the Liverpool street dust data set, demonstrates that the technique is able to model the contributions of the main magnetic components satisfactorily. Several factors may have a significant impact on the regression results. These include the validity of the linear proportional relationships between partial susceptibilities and the relevant concentration-dependent parameters, the adequacy of the variable selection procedure and the regression model, and the suitability of certain magnetic parameters.     

天津泰达城区发展问题初探

对泰达城区发展的定位问题进行了论述,认为泰达城区发展应该坚持与塘沽和滨海新区的区域规划相配合,将塘沽和泰达作为一个城市系统来规划,在城市新兴功能方面可以进行高起点、高品质的建设等,以增加泰达城区的吸引力     

梅雨期及其前后东亚地区的经向环流结构

本文分析了1983年江淮流域入梅前、梅雨期以及出梅后东亚地区各期平均的经向环流结构及其演变特征。在不同时期,印度热带季风环流和东亚热带及副热带季风环流具有显著差异。研究指出,江淮流域梅雨是亚洲夏季三个季风系统相互作用的结果,是东亚副热带季风系统中经向环流上升支中的产物,同时又与其它两个季风系统密切相关,梅雨结束则与印度热带季风环流减弱南撤、西太平洋高压加强西伸、东亚副热带季风环流北上有关。      

贵州织纳煤田晚二叠世海进海退旋回及煤聚积

黔西南上二叠统为以碎屑沉积为主的含煤层序。该层序包括3个沉积体系域,下部体系域为海湾-泻湖体系沉积,中部体系域为三角洲体系和障壁坝-泻湖体系沉积,上部体系域为碎屑海岸体系沉积,总体反映海平面上升过程。煤层分布范围随海平面上升不断由东向西后退,主要煤层富集与最大进积期有关,即赋存于下部体系域上部和中部体系域。因此,利用海平面升降旋回可较好地预测煤层分布范围及主要煤层赋存规律。      

1999—2008年巴彦诺尔公气象要素对水面蒸发影响的灰色关联分析

利用巴彦诺尔公基准气候站1999—2008年非冻结期(4—10月)E-601B大型蒸发器观测的蒸发量,以及同步观测的常规气象要素,采用灰色关联方法初步探讨温度、风速、日照时数、气压等气象要素对水面蒸发的影响程度。结果表明,气象要素对巴彦诺尔公地区蒸发量影响程度从大到小的排序依次为温度、日照时数、气压和风速。     

北京西山地区岩溶发育史及岩溶环境变迁

根据地壳运动所遗留的地貌形态,本区可划分为古生代和新生代二个岩溶发育期。由于本区新构造运动的特点决定了岩溶发育既具有阶段性又具有继承性。据此,新生代岩溶发育期又可划分为三个亚期:早第三纪岩溶发育亚期、晚第三纪岩溶发育亚期、第四纪岩溶发育亚期。本文根据不同时期形成的岩溶形态组合特征、洞穴化学沉积物和碎屑沉积物及具有代表性的洞外沉积物的性状、所含化石、孢粉组合、粘土矿物和重矿物组合及其化学成分和扫描电镜分析、稳定同位素和古地磁测定以及大量的测年资料,综合研究了本区晚第三纪以来的岩溶形成环境及其历史变迁。