大地电场观测深埋铅电极测量系统试验

为使用铅电极替代不极化电极,以解决滨海地区大地电场观测系统稳定性差的问题,先后开展了浅埋的铅电极与不极化电极的大地电场对比观测,以及深埋铅电极与浅埋铅电极的对比观测试验。结果表明:铅电极与固体不极化电极的观测数据在短期内有较好的一致性;深埋铅电极的大地电场观测资料在长期稳定性上优于固体不极化电极;而观测数据的内在观测质量也高于浅埋铅电极。     

基于灰色支持向量机的地铁沉降滚动预测

为了确保地铁隧道主体结构和周边环境安全,必须对地铁隧道结构进行沉降监测,对监测数据进行及时分析与反馈,并对以后的沉降情况作出预测,对防止事故发生有着重要的现实意义。本文结合灰色系统理论和支持向量机(SVM)的基本原理,采用滚动预测的方式建立灰色支持向量机沉降预测模型,以提高沉降预测精度。通过工程实例的预测结果对比表明,组合模型与灰色和SVM两个单独预测模型相比能够更准确的反映实际的沉降过程,具有很大的应用价值。     

Precipitation variability during the past 400?years in the Xiaolong Mountain (central China) inferred from tree rings

We developed the first tree-ring chronology, based on 73 cores from 29 Pinus tabulaeformis trees, for the Xiaolong Mountain area of central China, a region at the boundary of the Asian summer monsoon. This chronology exhibits significant (at 0.01 level) positive correlations with precipitation in May and June, and negative correlations with temperature in May, June and July. Highest linear correlation is observed between tree growth and the seasonalized (April–July) precipitation, suggesting that tree rings tend to integrate the monthly precipitation signals. Accordingly, the April–July total precipitation was reconstructed back to 1629 using these tree rings, explaining 44.7?% of the instrumental variance. A severe drought occurred in the area during the 1630s–1640s, which may be related to the weakened Asian summer monsoon caused by a low land-sea thermal gradient. The dry epoch during the 1920s–1930s and since the late 1970s may be explained by the strengthened Hadley circulation in a warmer climate. The dry (wet) epochs of the 1920s–1930s (the 1750s and 1950s) occurred during the warm (cold) phases of the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation that are often associated with weakened (strengthened) East Asian summer monsoon. These relationships indicate significant teleconnections operating over the past centuries in central China related to large-scale synoptic features.     

平湖油气田凝析油回注油藏对开发效果影响机理研究

凝析油回注油藏是平湖油气田开发过程中为应对海底输油管线而采取的一种工程应急措施。凝析油回注油藏会引起油层内流体渗流特征的变化，并进而影响油井恢复生产后的开发指标。从室内物理模拟实验和油藏数值模拟两方面开展凝析油回注油藏的影响效果分析，并根据研究结果提出合理的回注方式，不仅从机理上为解决海上油气田开发工程中所遇类似突发事件的处理提供了依据，而且在物理模拟实验和油藏数值模拟研究相结合对油藏基础研究方面提供一些重要的结论。     

都匀市河床地区岩土层工程地质特征

本文对都匀河床地区各岩土层工程地质特征进行了较为详细的阐述,为该区拟建物基础设计提供了较为可靠的工程地质资料。     

基于全基因组重测序技术的浙江近岸海域耐盐金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)耐药机制解析<

金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)是近岸海域海水中的主要病原菌,严重威胁接触者的安全。抗生素处理是治疗金黄色葡萄球菌感染的重要手段,其耐药性的发生受到了高度重视。采用全基因组重测序与KEGG富集分析结合的方法,对红霉素(erythromycin)、氯霉素(chloramphenicol)和万古霉素(vancomycin)处理后的耐盐金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus ZS01)和不耐盐金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus 502A)进行耐药机制研究。结果表明,S.aureus 502A经抗生素处理后发生突变的程度大于S.aureus ZS01,二者在经过氯霉素处理发生了更大程度的突变。红霉素、氯霉素和万古霉素处理主要影响了金黄色葡萄球菌的致病能力;红霉素和氯霉素可能通过影响金黄色葡萄球菌脂类的代谢引起其耐药性的变化。除此之外,三种抗生素处理均出现了较多TIGR01741家族蛋白和假设蛋白基因的突变,推测与菌株的耐药性和致病性相关。耐盐金黄色葡萄球菌可通过外排系统作用产生红霉素耐药性,不耐盐菌株因细胞壁成分相关基因的突变提高了对万古霉素的耐受性。研究结果可为耐盐和不耐盐金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药机制及抗生素对金黄色葡萄球菌致病性影响的研究提供基础数据。     

利用MAPINFO建立渤海区域地质信息管理系统空间数据库的技术方案

以渤海区域地质信息管理系统空间数据库为例,概述了利用地理信息工具平台MAPINFO建设渤海信息管理系统区域地质空间数据库的方法,包括空间数据库的分类、分层方案,命名及编码规则,以及利用MAPINFO和VERTICAL MAPPER绘制水深等值线图、剖面图、3D图的技巧。     

土水特征曲线(SWCC)的滞回特性模拟研究

为了模拟非饱和土的水力、力学特性在多次降雨、蒸发过程中的变化特性,本文以传统域模型的基本原理为基础,推到得到了一个能够模拟SWCC滞后性的计算模型,该模型计算方法简单,易于通过程序实现,且通过与试验数据和其他模型的计算结果对比,验证了该模型的合理性,同时,这个模型可为研究在复杂吸力变化状态下非饱和土的渗流特性、强度特性以及本构模型的研究打下一定的基础。     

The Coarse-Grained Lacustrine Slope Apron Deposits in the Moliqing Area, Yitong Basin, Northeast China

Overlapping gravity accumulation bodies were formed on the northwestern steep slope of the Shuangyang Formation in the Moliqing fault depression of northeast China. This study analyzed in detail the spatial distribution of the lithofacies and lithofacies associations of these accumulation bodies based on more than 600 m of core sections, and summarized 12 major types of lithofacies and three types of lithofacies associations: (1) the proximal zone consists of gravelly debris flows dominated by alluvial channel conglomerates; (2) the middle zone is dominated by various gravity flow deposits and traction flow deposits; and (3) the distal zone is dominated by mudstones with intercalations of sandy debris and turbidites. Combining with the grain size cumulative probability curves analysis, we determined the transformation of debris flows to sandy debris flows and to turbidity currents in the slope zone of the basin margin, and further proposed a lacustrine slope apron model that is characterized by (1) an inconstant multiple source (line source), (2) an alternation of gravity flow deposits and traction flow deposits dominated by periodical changes in a source flood flow system, and (3) the transformation of sandy debris flow deposits into distal turbidity current deposits. This sedimentary model may be applicable to other fault depressions for predicting reservoir distribution.     

A10/35绝对重力仪测试及性能分析

A10型绝对重力仪用于测量重力加速度(g),具有高精度、便携式和易操作等优点。介绍了A10的基本原理,并与FG5型重力仪进行了对比分析。基于A10/35绝对重力仪的室内和野外测量数据,分析了该仪器的稳定性和影响测量精度的主要因素。测试结果表明,不同环境下该仪器测量组间离散度均小于10×10-8ms-2,仪器性能稳定可靠。最后提出了实际使用的具体建议。