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Dissolved and particulate trace metals and their partitioning in a hypoxic estuary: The Tanshui Estuary in Northern Taiwan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The distribution and partitioning of trace metals (Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn) between dissolved and particulate phases were studied in the Tanshui Estuary. The upper reach of the estuary is hypoxic and heavily polluted due to domestic and industrial discharges. The concentration ranges of dissolved and leachable particulate trace metals in the Tanshui Estuary were: Co: 0.3–6.1 nM, 1.8–18.6 mg kg−1; Cu: 5–53 nM, 22–500 mg kg−1; Fe: 388–3,364 nM, 1.08–6.67%; Mn: 57–2,914 nM, 209–1,169 mg kg−1; Ni: 7–310 nM, 6–108 mg kg−1; and Zn: 12–176 nM, 62–1,316 mg kg−1; respectively. The dissolved concentrations of the metals were 2–35 times higher than the average values of the world river water. The distributions of dissolved and particulate studied metals, except Mn, in the estuary showed scattering, which could be attributed to the discharges from many industrial wastewater disposal works located in the upper tributaries. The daily input of dissolved metals from the disposal works to the Tanshui Estuary ranged from 0.1–0.4 tons. Dissolved Mn was nearly conservative in the region with salinity higher than 10 psu, while particulate Mn decreased in the region with salinity of 10–15 psu. The concentration increased significantly seawards, corresponding with the distribution of dissolved oxygen. The distribution coefficient (KD) for Mn in the lower estuary was nearly three orders of magnitude higher than in the upper estuary. This phenomenon may be attributed to the diffusion of Mn from the anoxic sediment in the upper estuary and gradual oxidation into particulate Mn in the middle and lower estuary as the estuarine water became more oxygenated. The distribution coefficient for Cu decreased with increasing salinity. The percentages of trace metals bound by suspended particulate matter decreased in the following order: Fe>Zn, Cu>Co>Mn>Ni. 相似文献
104.
昆仑山口西8.1级地震在四川地区的前兆异常效应 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
对昆仑口西8.1级地震发生前后四川地区地震前兆监测台网的测值曲线进行了系统的清理,发现存在有明显的孕震效应和震时效应,异常效应的幅度很大,容易鉴别,这对人类认识特大地震的影响场很有意义。 相似文献
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新疆北部降水的气候分布特片及其对ENSO的响应 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
分析研究了新疆北部地区近50年(1951-2000年)全年各月降水的气候分布特征和各季降水的年际变化规律,重点揭示了北疆多雨季节(4-7月)及其各月降水量对赤道东太平洋的海温SST和南方涛动指数SOI的显著响应关系,并用前期SST和SOI作为预报因子,建立了北疆地区雨季水量的预报方程。该方程可用于北疆地区雨季降水量的长期预报。 相似文献
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Velocity profile of a sand cloud blowing over a gravel surface 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Particle dynamic analyzer (PDA) measurement technology was used to study the turbulent characteristics and the variation with height of the mean horizontal (in the downwind direction) and vertical (in the upward direction) particle velocity of a sand cloud blowing over a gravel surface. The results show that the mean horizontal particle velocity of the cloud increases with height, while the mean vertical velocity decreases with height. The variation of the mean horizontal velocity with height is, to some extent, similar to the wind profile that increases logarithmically with height in the turbulent boundary layer. The variation of the mean vertical velocity with height is much more complex than that of the mean horizontal velocity. The increase of the resultant mean velocity with height can be expressed by a modified power function. Particle turbulence in the downwind direction decreases with height, while that in the vertical direction is complex. For fine sands (0.2–0.3 mm and 0.3–0.4 mm), there is a tendency for the particle turbulence to increase with height. In the very near-surface layer (<4 mm), the movement of blown sand particles is very complex due to the rebound of particles on the bed and the interparticle collisions in the air. Wind starts to accelerate particle movement about 4 mm from the surface. The initial rebound on the bed and the interparticle collisions in the air have a profound effect on particle movement below that height, where particle concentration is very high and wind velocity is very low. 相似文献
110.
平原河网区域来水组成原理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对于一般树状分布河网,上一级河道总是汇入至下一级河道,位于河道下游断面的流量总是由其上游汇集而至。但对于平原河网地区,特别是人工控制建筑物众多,又受潮汐影响的地区(如太湖流域),河网错综复杂,水流方向不定,要跟踪某个断面的水流去向,或某个河段的水体、断面流量是从哪里汇集而来的,非常困难。但这样的问题在生产实践中往往对其很感兴趣。例如从常熟枢纽引长江水流进入望虞河后,流向何处?河网各断面流量中或各河段水体中常熟枢纽引江水量占多少比重?对这些问题的研究可以估计常熟枢纽引江的效果和影响范围。因此,平原河网区域来水组成方法在生产实践中具有重要意义。重点介绍了平原河网区域来水组成原理及其在太湖流域的应用。 相似文献