Phase evolution of Holocene paleoenvironmental changes in the southern Yellow Sea: Benthic foraminiferal evidence from core C02

Assemblages of benthic foraminifera in a sediment core (C02) near the western margin of the southern Yellow Sea Mud were studied to decipher the phase evolution of Holocene paleoenvironmental changes associated with the Holocene marine transgression. It appears that during the early Holocene (11.2–10.1 kyr BP), the faunal was dominated by low salinity and shallow water species Cribrononion subincertum, Buccella frigida and Ammonia beccarii, reflecting a near coast depositional environment. A rapid increase of the relative abundance of Ammonia compressiuscula between 10.1–9.3 kyr BP indicates that the sea level rose rapidly during that time period. From 9.3–7.7 kyr BP, the benthic foraminiferal assemblage was dominated by high percentage of A. compressiscula, suggesting that the sea level was relatively stable. An obvious transition of benthic foraminifera, from the A. compressiuscula-dominated assemblage to an Ammonia ketienziensis-dominated assemblage, occurred between 7.7–6.2 kyr BP, possibly corresponding to a second sea level rapid rise period in the Yellow Sea during the Holocene. This transition may correspond to the gradually strengthened Yellow Sea warm current (YSWC) and finally is established the modern-type circulation in the Yellow Sea. It may also mark the formation of the Yellow Sea cold bottom water (YSCBW) during that period. Since then, the benthic foraminiferal assemblage based on core C02 was dominated by typical YSCBW species, A. ketienziensis, Astrononion italicum and Hanzawaia nipponica, at 6.2–4 kyr BP. A non-deposition period occurred since ～4 kyr BP, which possibly related to the hydrology changes caused by the East Asia monsoon. The two obvious benthic foraminiferal transitions recorded in core C02 during the early and middle Holocene provide evidence that the Yellow Sea has undergone a two-phase rapid sea level rise during the Holocene marine transgression.     

Fast adsorption of microcystin-LR by Fe(III)-modified powdered activated carbon

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Microcystins (MCs) are cyclic hepatotoxic peptides produced by the bloom-forming cyanobacterium Microcystis and present a public health hazard to humans and...     

The potential of ocean acidification on suppressing larval development in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and blood cockle Arca inflata Reeve

We evaluated the effect of pH on larval development in larval Pacific oyster （Crassostrea gigas） and blood cockle （Arca inflata Reeve）. The larvae were reared at pH 8.2 （control）, 7.9, 7.6, or 7.3 beginning 30 min or 24 h post fertilization. Exposure to lower pH during early embryonic development inhibited larval shell formation in both species. Compared with the control, larvae took longer to reach the D-veliger stage when reared under pH 7.6 and 7.3. Exposure to lower pH immediately after fertilization resulted in significantly delayed shell formation in the Pacific oyster larvae at pH 7.3 and blood cockle larvae at pH 7.6 and 7.3. However, when exposure was delayed until 24 h post fertilization, shell formation was only inhibited in blood cockle larvae reared at pH 7.3. Thus, the early embryonic stages were more sensitive to acidified conditions. Our results suggest that ocean acidification will have an adverse effect on embryonic development in bivalves. Although the effects appear subtle, they may accumulate and lead to subsequent issues during later larval development.     

矿山环境地质问题综合评价指标体系

本指标体系把矿山环境地质问题归为三大类23项指标,提出以指标指数作为划分环境地质问题危害程度等级的依据,给出2类指标评价指数的计算方法,以及各指标相应的权重。在此基础上,用模糊数学综合评判法评定矿山环境地质问题的历史、现状及其发展趋势的影响程度。在考虑矿山区位条件和恢复治理难度的基础上,最终给出矿山环境地质问题的综合评价等级,该等级也同时反映了矿山地质环境恢复治理的优先顺序。     

静乐井水位前驱波重现性问题探讨

以山西静乐井为研究对象,对井水位前驱波重现性问题进行了探讨。结果表明,相似地震前前驱波起始时间和波动周期在一定范围内具有较强的重现性,其比例可达63.1%;部分相似地震前前驱波的波动形态和幅度也存在一定的相似性,但在研究范围内前驱波各项特征均相似的地震尚未发现,其原因可能与前驱波的成因、传播途径、相似地震的震源区特征等因素有关。     

泥质海岸带浅表地层沉积序列区域地质调查方法

天津市淮淀乡幅(1∶50000)浅表地层沉积序列地质调查提供了深覆盖区区调的新方法。即用浅表钻孔代替地质点,对近现代沉积物组合进行分类,判释沉积环境变化,结合年代地层学,建立浅表地层沉积序列。采用浅表地层沉积序列地质图的形式,展示测区浅表地层与近现代地质环境演化及人类活动的影响,为经济建设和决策提供直观、内涵丰富的地质资料。     

岷江上游第四纪叠溪古堰塞湖的演化

采用岩性相和沉积体系的分析方法对岷江上游流域的阶地进行了研究．发现叠溪较场到太平村以北约28km的沿江河段内断续分布有湖相沉积。对太平村一带的三级阶地沉积识别出冲积扇沉积体系、湖泊沉积体系、河流沉积体系和风成、表生沉积体系。认为古堰塞湖发育2期高湖平面,其间存在低湖面期形成的古土壤层。根据最高湖泊沉积与堵江滑坡体的顶部高度对比和堰塞湖发育的时间计算,太平村地区相对叠溪校场地区存在着平均3．18m／ka的抬升运动。     

Centrifuge modelling of ground-borne vibrations induced by railway traffic in underground tunnels

Increased attention has been given to ground-borne vibrations induced by railway vehicles and to the effects of these vibrations as they propagate through the ground into nearby buildings.Various studies,mainly based on numerical methods as well as physical modelling,have been carried out to investigate this problem.To study the dynamic response of tunnels and the surrounding soil due to train-induced vibration loads,a centrifuge te st was conducted with a small-scale model in 1 g and 50 g stres...     

相似变换在大比例尺地形图的投影换带中的应用

在大比例尺地形图的使用过程中，会遇地形图的坐标系变换，需要把中央子午线为L1的坐标系的地形图转换成中央子午线为L2的坐标系的地形图，称之为地形图投影变换。目前许多地形图是以电子地图形式存在的，是通过AUTOCAD软件形成的。基于此，本文提出了适用于AutoCAD中地形图投影换带的方法：相似变换法。即在满足精度要求的情况下，利用相似变换原理，对AutoCAD中的地形图进行平移，旋转，缩放变换，最终将其变换到需要的坐标系内。     

贵州铜仁暴雨和冰雹雷达回波特征对比分析

利用铜仁新一代多普勒天气雷达对贵州铜仁区域的局地暴雨和冰雹天气过程的雷达监测常用产品进行对比分析,得出了产生暴雨和冰雹天气时其雷达回波特征的差异性:(1)冰雹回波反射率因子及剖面在较高的高度上维持较大强度,且其剖面通常具有穹窿结构,暴雨回波中通常有多个对流回波柱,强回波核位于云体中下部。(2)局地暴雨天气通常为混合型降水回波的"准静止"状态和长时间的"列车效应",冰雹回波其外形结构多呈点状、块状、带状等特征,有时候还会出现钩状、弓形回波等特殊形状;(3)暴雨径向速度和冰雹径向速度都存在逆风区等特征,短时强降水发生在逆风区边缘地带、径向速度辐合最大的区域。冰雹径向速度变化范围较大,有强烈的风向、风速辐合过程,有时还会伴随中尺度气旋。(4)冰雹回波的垂直液态水含量和回波顶高都比暴雨大,在降雹前2-5个体扫范围内冰雹回波的垂直液态水含量值会出现明显的跳变,而暴雨回波其值比较平稳并且维持较低数值。(5)VWP在冰雹过程中从低层到高层存在垂直风切变,其切变越大,出现冰雹的可能性越大,而暴雨的西风气流风速远小于冰雹过程。