魁北克阿比提比绿岩带西格马矿山太古宙含金石英脉:第Ⅱ篇,脉的矿物共生和热液蚀变

西格马金矿床位于魁北克北西阿比提比绿岩带南东的瓦尔德奥(Vald'or),是典型的太古宙脉型金矿床,自1937年开采以来,生产黄金11×10~7克以上。Rokert和Bro-wn已详细描述了矿山地质和脉系,这里仅略述其特征。该区以太古宙超镁铁质到长英质火山岩为主,同时有大量长英质岩体侵入。由于区域变形作用,火山岩层现在呈东-西向延伸,向北陡倾斜,岩层顶面一般向南。二维区域构造是走向东-西的垂直构造。     

河套地区新生代湖泊演化与“吉兰泰-河套”古大湖形成机制的初步研究

研究发现,河套地区在距今5～6万年前存在一个统一的"吉兰泰-河套"古大湖,覆盖吉兰泰和河套盆地的大部分地区。本研究试图依据钻孔资料和湖泊沉积物的测年结果,讨论新生代以来河套盆地的湖泊演化和古大湖的形成机制。结果表明,新生代以来,特别是早更新世以来吉兰泰盆地和河套平原的3个坳陷盆地就已经处于湖泊环境,但没有证据显示存在统一的湖泊。湖泊沉积及其OSL测年显示,"吉兰泰-河套"古大湖大约在距今10万年前后开始发育,至距今5～6万年之前湖面达到海拔1080m上下,随后湖泊衰退。我们认为,鄂尔多斯高原东北边缘距今12万年前后开始的快速构造隆升,可能导致了晋陕峡谷黄河外流受阻,最终在河套盆地积水形成统一湖泊,末次冰期中期(深海氧同位素3阶段)相对湿润的气候环境进一步促进了"吉兰泰-河套"古大湖的发育。     

KINEMATICS OF QUATERNARY EXTENSION IN THE PAMIR

KINEMATICS OF QUATERNARY EXTENSION IN THE PAMIR1　BurtmanVS ,MolnarP .GeologicalandgeophysicalevidencefordeepsubductionofcontinentalcrustbeneaththePamir[J].SpecPapGeolSocAm ,1993,2 81:76 . 2　StreckerMR ,FrischW ,HamburgerMW ,etal.QuaternarydeformationintheEasternPamirs ,TadzhikistanandKyrgyzs tan[J].Tectonics,1995 ,14(5 ) :10 6 1～ 10 79.…     

ACCRETION OF AN EARLY CRETACEOUS INTRA- OCEANIC ISLAND ARC TO INDIA: EVIDENCE FROM THE YARLUNG ZANGBO SUTURE ZONE

ACCRETION OF AN EARLY CRETACEOUS INTRA- OCEANIC ISLAND ARC TO INDIA: EVIDENCE FROM THE YARLUNG ZANGBO SUTURE ZONE     

YARLUNG ZANGBO OPHIOLITES,SOUTHERN TIBET REVISITED

YARLUNG ZANGBO OPHIOLITES,SOUTHERN TIBET REVISITED     

Identification of the Early Jurassic mylonitic granitic pluton and tectonic implications in Namling area,southern Tibet

A number of studies revealed that the Gangdese magmatic belt of southern Tibet was closely related to the northward subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere and Indo-Asian collision.However,pre-Cretaceous magmatism is still poorly constrained in the Gangdese magmatic belt,southern Tibet.Here,we conducted systematically geochronology and geochemistry studies on a newly-identified granitic pluton in the middle Gangdese magmatic belt(Namling area),southern Tibet.Zircon SHRIMPⅡU-Pb dating for one representative sample gives a weighted age of 184.2±1.8 Ma(MSWD=±1.11),corresponding to emplacement and crystallization age of the granitic pluton in the Early Jurassic(Pliensbachian).High SiO2(68.9-72.1 wt.%)contents and intermediate Mg#values(35-38)together suggest that the newly-identified granitic pluton was probably formed by partial melting of crustal material with minor injection of mantle-derived magma,precluding an origin from melting of metasedimentary rocks that are characterized by low Mg#and high zirconδ^18O values(>8‰).Geochemically,the newly-identified granitic pluton belongs to typical I-type granitic affinity,whereas this is inconsistent with aluminium saturation index(ASI=A/CNK ratios)and geochemical signatures.This suggests that zircon oxygen isotopes(4.30‰-5.28‰)and mineral features(lacking Al-rich minerals)are reliable indicators for discriminating granitic origin.Significantly depleted whole-rock Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic compositions and zirconεHf(t)values indicate that the granitic pluton was derived from partial melting of depleted arc-type lavas.In addition,the granitic pluton shows zirconδ^18O values ranging from 4.30‰to 5.28‰(with a mean value of 4.77‰)that are consistent with mantle-derived zircon values(5.3‰±0.6‰)within the uncertainties,indicating that the granitic pluton might have experienced weak short-living high-temperature hydrous fluid-rock interaction.Combined with the Sr-Nd-Hf-O isotopes and geochemical signatures,we propose that the newly-identified granitic pluton was originated from partial melting of depleted mafic lower crust,and experienced only negligible wall-rock contamination during ascent.Integrated with published data,we also propose that the initial subduction of the Neo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere occurred no later than the Pliensbachian of the Early Jurassic.     

Physical Properties, Morphology and Petrological Characteristics of Pumices from the Central Indian Ocean Basin

About 400 pumice clasts collected from the Central Indian Ocean Basin(CIOB)were studied for their morphology and were classified based on their shape and size.A majority of the samples range between<1 cm and 36 cm and in the Zinggs shape diagram plot in the equant and oblate fields.The Corey Shape Factor for most of the samples is close to 0.7,which is common for volcaniclastic material. The physical properties such as density,specific gravity,void ratio,porosity,moisture content and degree of saturation...     

试论地貌圈概念、属性及其与其它地表圈层关系

地貌圈作为地表圈层中的一个与人类生存、发展直接发生关系的圈层。它具有三维形态、物质结构及其运动与演化的四大属性,并在全球充分连续的基本圈层。主要以亚洲与邻区海陆地貌为例,通过地貌圈大中地貌以内动力为主而微地貌以外动力为主的成因概念及其形态、物质、运动与演化四大属性的基本事实,论证地貌圈存在的客观性及其在全球的连续性。论文在探讨地貌圈运动特征时,首次用岩石圈构造分层的现代概念,解析了现代板块边缘及其毗邻广大地区GPS所测试的地壳运动速度,普遍慢于以热点为参考架而确定的板块运动速度。最后,论文以地貌圈与其它地表圈层互相关系的简表,及其与内外环境圈的物质流与能量流等示意图,来呼吁加强地貌圈的基础与应用研究,这对推动地球科学及其与人类生存和可持续发展具有重要意义。