用VB和Fortran语言混合编程开发气象软件

阐述了利用VB和Fortran语言混合编程开发气象预报系统的两种方法,一种是利用VB的shell函数调用可执行文件法,另一种是利用VB调用Fortran生成的动态链接库法,并具体介绍了如何通过DLL实现VB 6.0和Fortran的接口,最终实现VB的可视化界面与Fortran强大数值计算能力相结合的新思路.     

城市热岛效应研究概况

随着我国城市化进程的不断加快,城市中的环境污染问题也日益严重,表现为城市比周围非城市化地区的地表和大气温度要高的热岛效应作为这些环境问题中的典型代表有着重要的研究意义。近几十年来国内外的有关专家从微观及宏观层面上对城市热岛效应的产生原因、造成影响、变化规律、缓解措施等方面进行了一系列的研究与探索。由于城市测点有限,过去的研究尚不能全面反映出研究区热岛效应。遥感科学和技术的发展,为城市热岛效应的研究提供了有利条件。本文介绍了热红外遥感技术在热岛研究中的应用及城市规划对城市热岛效应的影响,并展望了该领域的发展前景。     

Morphology and molecular characterization of the epiphytic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cf. rhathymum in temperate waters off Jeju Island, Korea

Prorocentrum spp. are planktonic and/or benthic species. Benthic Prorocentrum species are of primary concern to scientists and the public because some of them are toxic. We established clonal cultures of 3 strains of Prorocentrum species that were collected from the thalli of a macroalga in the coastal waters off Jeju Island, located at the southern end of Korea. The Korean strains of P. cf. rhathymum, which are morphologically almost identical to the Virgin Island strain of P. rhathymum, were different from P. mexicanum because the former dinoflagellate has one simple collar-like spine in the periflagellar area, while the latter dinoflagellate has a 2- or 3-horned spine. In addition, the sequences of the small subunit (SSU) rDNA of the Korean strains were identical to those of the Malaysian and Floridian strains of P. rhathymum, while the sequences of the large subunit (LSU) rDNA of the Korean strains were 0.1–0.9% different from those of the Iranian and Malaysian strains of P. rhathymum. In phylogenetic trees based on the SSU rDNA sequences, the Korean strains of P. rhathymum formed a clade with the Malaysian and Floridian strains of P. rhathymum and the Vietnamese and Polynesian strains of P. mexicanum. However, in phylogenetic trees based on the LSU rDNA sequences, the Korean strains of P. rhathymum formed a clade with the Iranian strain of P. rhathymum and the Spanish and Mexican strains of P. mexicanum. Therefore, the molecular characterization of the Korean strains does not allow us to clearly classify them as P. rhathymum, nor P. mexicanum, although their morphology has so far been reported to be closer to that of P. rhathymum than P. mexicanum and thus we designated them as P. cf. rhathymum.     

A finite element cable model and its applications based on the cubic spline curve

For accurate prediction of the deformation of cable in the towed system, a new finite element model is presented that provides a representation of both the bending and torsional effects. In this paper, the cubic spline interpolation function is applied as the trial solution. By using a weighted residual approach, the discretized motion equations for the new finite element model are developed. The model is calculated with the computation program complier by Matlab. Several numerical examples are presented to illustrate the numerical schemes. The results of numerical simulation are stable and valid, and consistent with the mechanical properties of the cable. The model can be applied to kinematics analysis and the design of ocean cable, such as mooring lines, towing, and ROV umbilical cables.     

塔里木盆地构造变形迁移与三大地质事件的关系及其地质意义

塔里木盆地经历多期构造运动,形成多期断裂系统和隆凹构造,在地质历史的演化过程中,均发生了横向迁移。通过大量二维地震资料解释和断裂分析,结合地层残余厚度及分布状况,参考重点层系构造图,经研究发现,不同地质时期的断裂系统具有按照先后顺序有规律的横向迁移特征。同时,不同时期塔里木盆地隆凹格局也发生了巨大变化。随着塔里木盆地独有的早期深埋、中期二叠纪火山活动及晚期快速沉降三大地质事件的发生,地层沉积沉降和构造隆升的不均衡性,使得烃源岩在平面上的演化程度呈现不均一性。按现今构造单元可分为古隆起生烃终止区、古隆起阶段生烃区、凹陷生烃衰竭区、凹陷阶段生烃区和凹陷周期持续生烃区等5类烃源岩演化区。现今台盆区仅有阿满过渡带、塔北隆起中段、草湖次凹、麦盖提斜坡及塔西南山前等5个地区发育有效烃源岩,持续生烃或阶段生烃,为塔里木盆地台盆区晚期成藏提供了不竭的烃源。

     

坐标转换参数之间的相关性解析

基于公共点点位信息可以反解两空间直角坐标系间的坐标转换参数。利用点位信息对平移、旋转和缩放参数的贡献特性进行分解：首先,利用坐标重心化分离平移参数;其次,对重心化后的点位分别独立解算尺度因子和旋转矩阵;进而对坐标转换参数之间的相关性进行理论分析。并研究了其他非点位信息在转换参数解算中的贡献和使用方法。     

内蒙古自治区胜利煤田煤-锗矿床元素地球化学性质研究

内蒙古自治区胜利煤田煤-锗矿是新近发现的特大型锗矿床,矿区元素地球化学性质表现为:碱性元素Ca、K、Na、Mg、Al等相对富集,锗与其关系为正相关;轻重稀土元素分异度较大,轻稀土元素较为富集,随锗含量的递增,轻稀土元素由富集逐渐减弱,重稀土元素逐渐出现较弱富集;锗含量与REE、LREE负相关,与LREE/REE、δEu正相关,与La/Yb、La/Sm、(La/Yb)n、(La/Sm)n、δCe值均呈负相关关系;而锗含量与灰分指数呈负相关关系。成煤沼泽中比较平静停滞的水文条件有利于溶液中的锗被有机质充分吸附。胜利煤田煤-锗矿形成环境为弱碱性及还原性较强的环境。煤-锗矿床的稀土元素地球化学特征具有继承性,稀土主要来自物源区的无机物质,胜利煤田西南部盆缘的岩石富含锗,可能就是煤-锗矿床中锗的原始来源。锗源母岩区全锗的供给和全锗进入成煤沼泽后的水文地质条件对锗在泥炭中的富集具有控制作用。     

Growth and reworking of the early Precambrian continental crust in the North China Craton: Constraints from zircon Hf isotopes

We synthesize more than 2600 Hf isotope data on the Archean-Paleoproterozoic zircons from the North China Craton (NCC). Recalculation of the data based on single stage and two-stage Hf model ages of the Eastern Block of the NCC shows peak ages of 3902 ± 13 Ma and 3978 ± 18 Ma, respectively, and also small peaks at 3.5–4.0 Ga. The majority of zircon ε_Hf(t) values are positive, suggesting the possibility of the crust and the mantle differentiation at ca. 3.9–4.0 Ga in the Eastern Block of the NCC. Most magmatic zircons from the whole of NCC have their Hf model age range of 2.4–2.9 Ga, and the single stage model ages is cluster at 2698 ± 4 Ma, whereas the two-stage model ages concentrate at 2714 ± 5 Ma, implying that the protoliths were juvenile crustal rocks. The most prominent peak at 2.7 Ga indicates that this period marks the most important stage of the crust-mantle differentiation and crust formation of the NCC. The widespread 2.5 Ga rocks in the NCC and the absence of the 2.5 Ga peaks in Hf model ages are consistent with the partial melting and reworking of the juvenile rocks at 2.5 Ga. Furthermore, the 2.5–1.7 Ga zircon Hf isotope features are also related to the reworking of the crustal rocks. Our results from the integration of a large database suggest that the Eastern Block and the Trans-North China Orogen have undergone similar crust-mantle differentiation and magmatism, leading to the conclusion that the essential cratonization of the North China took place at the end of Neoarchean.     

Edge Detection in Potential-Field Data by Enhanced Mathematical Morphology Filter

Enhancement on the edges of the causative source is an indispensable tool in the interpretation of potential-field data. There are a number of methods for recognizing the edges, most of which involve high-pass filters based on derivatives of potential-field data. A new edge-detection method is presented, called the enhanced mathematical morphology (EMM) filter. The EMM filter uses the ratio of the erosion of the total horizontal derivative to the dilation of total horizontal derivative to recognize the edges of the sources, and can display the edges of the shallow and deep bodies simultaneously. The EMM filter does not require the computation of vertical derivatives, which makes this method computationally stable. The EMM filter is tested on synthetic and real potential field data in China. Compared to other edge-detection filters, the new method is able to recognize the source edges more clearly, and the outputs are more insensitive to noise.     

土壤含水量与温度对羊草、大针茅典型草原土壤—植物系统温室气体收支影响的初步研究

本研究首次以我国内蒙古典型草原生态系统为研究对象,以密闭箱法对土壤－植物系统与大气间Ｎ２Ｏ和ＣＨ４气体交换进行了原位观测研究,通过结合实验室模拟实验研究表明,土壤含水量和温度对草原土壤－植物系统温室气体（Ｎ２Ｏ和ＣＨ４）排放通量有着重要的影响。在一定范围内,土壤含水量增加促进草原生态系统Ｎ２Ｏ排放和ＣＨ４吸收作用。温度升高促进草原生态系统Ｎ２Ｏ排放,但对ＣＨ４吸收的影响作用不明显。