全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4688篇 |
免费 | 963篇 |
国内免费 | 1410篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 373篇 |
大气科学 | 956篇 |
地球物理 | 994篇 |
地质学 | 2628篇 |
海洋学 | 795篇 |
天文学 | 170篇 |
综合类 | 467篇 |
自然地理 | 678篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 45篇 |
2023年 | 126篇 |
2022年 | 281篇 |
2021年 | 275篇 |
2020年 | 269篇 |
2019年 | 283篇 |
2018年 | 327篇 |
2017年 | 270篇 |
2016年 | 329篇 |
2015年 | 293篇 |
2014年 | 331篇 |
2013年 | 292篇 |
2012年 | 301篇 |
2011年 | 312篇 |
2010年 | 326篇 |
2009年 | 338篇 |
2008年 | 294篇 |
2007年 | 240篇 |
2006年 | 193篇 |
2005年 | 179篇 |
2004年 | 146篇 |
2003年 | 138篇 |
2002年 | 154篇 |
2001年 | 146篇 |
2000年 | 145篇 |
1999年 | 168篇 |
1998年 | 131篇 |
1997年 | 121篇 |
1996年 | 96篇 |
1995年 | 94篇 |
1994年 | 68篇 |
1993年 | 75篇 |
1992年 | 53篇 |
1991年 | 40篇 |
1990年 | 29篇 |
1989年 | 34篇 |
1988年 | 21篇 |
1987年 | 24篇 |
1986年 | 19篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 2篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有7061条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
62.
基于奇异谱分析的南方涛动指数短期气候预测试验 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) time series is analyzed by means of the singular spectrum analysis (SSA) method with 60-month window length. Two major oscillatory pairs are found in the series whose pe riods are quasi-four and quasi-two years respectively. The auto-regressive model, which is developed on the basis of the Maximum Entropy Spectrum Analy sis, is fitted to each of the 9 leading components including the oscillatory pairs. The prediction of SOI with the 36-month lead is obtained from the reconstruction of these extrapolated series. Correlation coefficient between predicted series and 5 months running mean of observed series is up to 0.8. The model can successfully predict the peak and duration of the strong ENSO event from 1997 to 1998. It's also shown that the proper choice of reconstructed components is the key to improve the model prediction. 相似文献
63.
64.
Spring Arctic Oscillation-East Asian summer monsoon connection through circulation changes over the western North Pacific 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Dao-Yi Gong Jing Yang Seong-Joong Kim Yongqi Gao Dong Guo Tianjun Zhou Miao Hu 《Climate Dynamics》2011,37(11-12):2199-2216
In the present study the links between spring Arctic Oscillation (AO) and East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) was investigated with focus on the importance of the North Pacific atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature (SST). To reduce the statistical uncertainty, we analyzed high-pass filtered data with the inter-annual time scales, and excluded the El Ni?o/Southern Oscillation signals in the climate fields using a linear fitting method. The significant relationship between spring AO and EASM are supported by the changes of multi-monsoon components, including monsoon indices, precipitation, and three-dimensional atmospheric circulations. Following a stronger positive spring AO, an anomalous cyclonic circulation at 850?hPa appears in southeastern Asia and the western North Pacific in summer, with the easterly anomalies spanning from the Pacific to Asian continent along 25°N?C30°N and the westerly anomalies south of 15°N. At the same time, the summer western North Pacific subtropical high becomes weaker. Consistently, the positive precipitation anomalies are developed over a broad region south of 30°N stretching from southern China to the western Pacific and the negative precipitation anomalies appear in the lower valley of the Yangtze River and southern Japan. The anomalous cyclone in the western North Pacific persisting from spring to summer plays a key role in modulating EASM and monsoon precipitation by a positive air-sea feedback mechanism. During spring the AO-associated atmospheric circulation change produces warmer SSTs between 150°E?C180° near the equator. The anomalous sensible and latent heating, in turn, intensifies the cyclone through a Gill-type response of the atmosphere. Through this positive feedback, the tropical atmosphere and SST patterns sustain their strength from spring to summer, that consequently modifies the monsoon trough and the western North Pacific subtropical high and eventually the EASM precipitation. Moreover, the SST response to AO-circulation is supported by the numerical simulations of an ocean model, and the anomalous atmospheric circulation over the western North Pacific is also reproduced by the dedicated numerical simulations using the coupled atmosphere?Cocean model. The observation evidence and numerical simulations suggest the spring AO can impact the EASM via triggering tropical air-sea feedback over the western North Pacific. 相似文献
65.
Statistical estimation of high-resolution surface air temperature from MODIS over the Yangtze River Delta,China 下载免费PDF全文
High-resolution surface air temperature data are critical to regional climate modeling in terms of energy balance, urban climate change, and so on. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature (LST) to estimate air temperature at a high resolution over the Yangtze River Delta region, China. It is found that daytime LST is highly correlated with maximum air temperature, and the linear regression coefficients vary with the type of land surface. The air temperature at a resolution of 1 km is estimated from the MODIS LST with linear regression models. The estimated air temperature shows a clear spatial structure of urban heat islands. Spatial patterns of LST and air temperature differences are detected, indicating maximum differences over urban and forest regions during summer. Validations are performed with independent data samples, demonstrating that the mean absolute error of the estimated air temperature is approximately 2.5°C, and the uncertainty is about 3.1°C, if using all valid LST data. The error is reduced by 0.4°C (15%) if using best-quality LST with errors of less than 1 K. The estimated high-resolution air temperature data have great potential to be used in validating high-resolution climate models and other regional applications. 相似文献
66.
利用2007年1月至2009年1月COSMIC掩星湿空气数据,基于相对湿度廓线出入云层时发生突变反演云边界高度的思想,统计分析了东亚地区云厚的分布特征。结果表明,掩星最低探测高度集中在3km以下,主要影响部分中云和低云云厚的反演。云发生概率沿纬度和经度方向呈现不同的分布特征,各类云概率随高度也有不同的变化规律。东亚地区所有云的平均厚度为1.78km,其中单层云和顶层云分布相似,双层云与其他云层的地理差异不大,单层云在春秋季分布相对均匀,而在夏冬季差异较大。夏季和冬季顶层云云顶高与云厚的二维频率分布各异,主要在于夏季有更多云体较厚且位于对流层上部的高云存在。 相似文献
67.
基于TM图像,采用灰度图像分割算法,自动提取南京市中心城区的不透水面、植被及水体;并用单窗算法反演了地表温度;依据离市中心的距离将中心城区分为45级缓冲区,依次统计分析每一级缓冲区内的平均温度、不透水面温度、植被温度、水体温度及各类地物的面积比例等;建立了地表温度与不透水面比例、植被比例、水体比例之间的关系模型.研究结果表明:随离市中心距离的增大,地表温度降低;植被、水体具有降温效应,水体的降温效应是植被的2.43倍;地表温度与不透水面比例、植被比例、水体比例的综合关系模型模拟效果较好. 相似文献
68.
69.
70.
利用2009-01—2013-05月发生在赣西北地区的233次M L≥1.0地震数字波形资料,采用尾波归一化方法计算了阳新台、九江台、修水台、高安台、宜春台的P波S波的衰减,结果显示,除修水台最佳流逝时间约为60 s外,其他四个台站的最佳流逝时间为30 s左右;九江-瑞昌震区内平均P波和S波的Q值分别为:Q P(f)=(15.97±1.87)f(1.66±0.06)和Q S(f)=(25.27±1.90)f(1.15±0.04)。 相似文献