全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5198篇 |
免费 | 541篇 |
国内免费 | 157篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 235篇 |
大气科学 | 593篇 |
地球物理 | 1929篇 |
地质学 | 2107篇 |
海洋学 | 265篇 |
天文学 | 338篇 |
综合类 | 187篇 |
自然地理 | 242篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 6篇 |
2021年 | 20篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 9篇 |
2018年 | 433篇 |
2017年 | 372篇 |
2016年 | 248篇 |
2015年 | 149篇 |
2014年 | 112篇 |
2013年 | 114篇 |
2012年 | 647篇 |
2011年 | 420篇 |
2010年 | 113篇 |
2009年 | 131篇 |
2008年 | 116篇 |
2007年 | 109篇 |
2006年 | 124篇 |
2005年 | 830篇 |
2004年 | 871篇 |
2003年 | 652篇 |
2002年 | 176篇 |
2001年 | 69篇 |
2000年 | 44篇 |
1999年 | 14篇 |
1998年 | 6篇 |
1997年 | 17篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1991年 | 10篇 |
1990年 | 9篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 2篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 5篇 |
1963年 | 2篇 |
1962年 | 1篇 |
1961年 | 2篇 |
1959年 | 2篇 |
1956年 | 1篇 |
1955年 | 2篇 |
1954年 | 2篇 |
1951年 | 2篇 |
1948年 | 2篇 |
1925年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有5896条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
221.
Harald Geiger Ian Barnes Karl H. Becker Birger Bohn Theo Brauers Birgit Donner Hans-Peter Dorn Manfred Elend Carlos M. Freitas Dinis Dirk Grossmann Heinz Hass Holger Hein Axel Hoffmann Lars Hoppe Frank Hülsemann Dieter Kley Björn Klotz Hans G. Libuda Tobias Maurer Djuro Mihelcic Geert K. Moortgat Romeo Olariu Peter Neeb Dirk Poppe Lars Ruppert Claudia G. Sauer Oleg Shestakov Holger Somnitz William R. Stockwell Lars P. Thüner Andreas Wahner Peter Wiesen Friedhelm Zabel Reinhard Zellner Cornelius Zetzsch 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2002,42(1):323-357
Within the German Tropospheric Research Programme (TFS) numerous kinetic and mechanistic studies on the tropospheric reaction/degradation of the following reactants were carried out: oxygenated VOC, aromatic VOC, biogenic VOC, short-lived intermediates, such as alkoxy and alkylperoxy radicals.At the conception of the projects these selected groups were classes of VOC or intermediates for which the atmospheric oxidation mechanisms were either poorly characterised or totally unknown. The motivation for these studies was the attainment of significant improvements in our understanding of the atmospheric chemical oxidation processes of these compounds, particularly with respect to their involvement in photooxidant formation in the troposphere. In the present paper the types of experimental investigations performed and the results obtained within the various projects are briefly summarised. The major achievements are highlighted and discussed in terms of their contribution to improving our understanding of the chemical processes controlling photosmog formation in the troposphere. 相似文献
222.
Research on scale effect of histogram 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
To describe the spatial relationship among the earth objects compactly, in this paper, we raised the concept of histo-variogram
based on the analysis of the characteristics of other spatial analyzing methods such as variogram, information entropy. And
we also raised a new spatial analysis method of histogram decomposition based on the definition of standing pixel and contour
pixel. At the end of this paper, we demonstrated the characteristics of histo-variogram by two experiments, one for spatial
analysis, the other for image fusion. 相似文献
223.
The directionality of thermal radiance of a homogeneous isothermal non-black plane surface is totally decided by its directional emissivity, which depends on the complex dielectric constant and roughness of surface. It can be expressed by This paper proves that it is necessary to express emissivity by a matrix when a target becomes an inhomogeneous non-isothermal open complex with complicated inner geometric structure. The matrix describes the inner radiative interaction among components accurately and also expresses its thermal radiative directionality and structural characteristics completely. Advantages of matrix expression are as follows: first, the physical mechanics of effective emissivity of an open complex is described in a simple and perfect way; second, it becomes easy to understand the principle and method to retrieve components temperature from multi-angle thermal remotely sensed data; and third, the differences of directionalities between an open complex and a homogeneous isothermal non-black plane body are expressed by just using an effective emissivity matrix instead of an emissivity vector. Formula in classic physics is only the special case of matrix expression; therefore, the matrix is a universal unconditional expression to describe the directionality of thermal radiance. 相似文献
224.
Sedimentary beds of jasper (red hematitic chert) in the Ordovician Løkken ophiolite of Norway are closely associated with volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposits. The jaspers occur in the immediate hangingwall and laterally peripheral to the large Løkken (25–30 Mt) and small Høydal (0.1 Mt) VMS deposits, and are exposed discontinuously for several kilometres along strike. Massive or laminated types predominate; jasper-sulphide debris-flow deposits are also abundant near VMS deposits. The jaspers contain hematite-rich laminae showing soft-sediment deformation structures and microtextural evidence that record the presence of a colloidal precursor and an origin as gels. Early textures include: (1) straight or curved chains of hematitic filaments 3–10 µm in diameter and 20–100 µm long; (2) branching networks of 15–25 µm-thick, tubular structures surrounded by cryptocrystalline hematite and filled with quartz and euhedral hematite; (3) small (up to 10 µm) spherules composed of cryptocrystalline hematite and silica; and (4) up to 50 µm silica spherules with hematitic cores. The small filaments seem to have been deposited in varying proportions in the primary laminae, possibly together with hematitic and siliceous microspheroids. Diagenetic changes are represented by polygonal syneresis cracks, and the presence of cryptocrystalline (originally opaline) silica, chalcedony, quartz, carbonate and cryptocrystalline hematite and/or goethite forming botryoidal masses and spheroids <10 µm to 5 mm in diameter. Coarser euhedral grains of quartz, carbonate, and hematite are integral parts of these textures. Bleached, silica-rich jaspers preserve only small relics of fine-grained hematite-rich domains, and locally contain sparse pockets composed of coarse euhedral hematite±epidote. The jaspers are interpreted to record colloidal fallout from one or more hydrothermal plumes, followed by maturation (ageing) of an Si-Fe-oxyhydroxide gel, on and beneath the Ordovician sea floor. Small hematitic filaments in the jaspers reflect bacteria-catalysed oxidation of Fe 2+ within the plume. The larger tubular filaments resulted from either microbial activity or inorganic self-organized mineral growth of Fe-oxyhydroxide within the Si-Fe-oxyhydroxide gel after deposition on the sea floor, prior to more advanced maturation of the gel as represented by the spheroidal and botryoidal silica-hematite textures. Bleaching and hematite±epidote growth are interpreted to reflect heat and fluids generated during deposition of basaltic sheet flows on top of the gels. 相似文献
225.
CHRISTIAN-D. SCH?NWIESE 《Global Change & Human Health》2002,3(1):2-2
Editorial Board
Editors 相似文献226.
The objective of this paper is to describe the lessons learned and actions that have been taken related to the seismic design
of bridge structures after the Chi-Chi, Taiwan earthquake. Much variable near-fault ground motion data was collected from
the rupture of Chelungpu fault during the Chi-Chi earthquake, allowing the seismic response of bridge structures subjected
to these near-fault ground motions to be carefully examined. To study the near-fault ground motion effect on bridge seismic
design codes, a two-level seismic design of bridge structures was developed and implemented. This design code reflects the
near-fault factors in the seismic design forces. Finally, a risk assessment methodology, based on bridge vulnerability, is
also developed to assist in decisions for reducing seismic risk due to failure of bridges.
Director of Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering.
Supported by: the Science Council, Chinese Taipei, under grant no. SC 90-2211-E-002-028. 相似文献
227.
通过野外地震地质调查,在甘肃省古浪县、景泰县交界处的长岭山地区新发现了丰富的线状分布的地震地表破裂现象,表现为基岩崩塌、黄土滑坡、地震裂缝、地震土林、地震沟槽、陷落坑以及断层陡坎等,局部可见残留的破裂滑动自由面。其分布严格受长岭山北麓活动断裂控制。通过地震地表破裂带本身的特征分析、年代学分析、地表破裂带长度与震级的拟合关系以及结合区域活动断裂资料研究,认为该地震地表破裂带可能为1927年古浪8.0级地震的产物。 相似文献
228.
229.
230.