陕甘宁青中强地震与太阳及磁暴活动的关系的统计分析

本文对陕、甘、宁、青四省(区)地震活动性指数A_(N-W)(b)、兰州地磁台记录的磁暴活动性指数K(b)和太阳黑子相对数年均值R(N)进行统计分析,得出了太阳活动和地震以及磁暴活动均存在约21年、11年、5年、3年和2年左右的显著周期。它们的互相关幅度和交互谐幅度也表明,在上述显著周期内三者存在明显的相关性。理想低通滤波后的SC型磁暴K(b)和A_(N-W)(b)间的相关系数高达0.886。根据分析本文指出,陕、甘、宁、青四省(区)地震活动在以后五年内还会继续增强。最后就太阳活动和磁暴与地震的发生的关系作了讨论。     

统计插值客观分析方法的试验研究

统计插值客观分析由于其具有综合不同类型观测资料的能力、并较适合于四维同化而越来越广泛地被许多国家用于业务。 本文用统计插值方法对多层高度场及风场客观分析从技术处理、参数调整到多种方案的选择作了一系列的试验研究,得出了较优越的格式和方案。     

ICP发射光谱法测定矿样中痕量稀土元素分量

ICP发射光谱法测定矿样中痕量稀土分量本文讨论了以ICP-AES法测定矿样中痕量稀土元素分量方法.实验曾借鉴岩矿测试所的方法.此方法是将试样经阳离子交换富集,浓缩至小体积,加入内标后,通过气动雾化器将溶液输送到ICP激发,摄取光谱.不同稀土元素的检出限分别为0.00X～0.Xμg/g各被测元素光谱测定相对标准偏差为1.8～4.1%.经GSD-1～GSD-8标样三次分析,以及经半年多来五批样品的生产实践证明,本方法流程简单,分析速度快,易于推广,检出限和精确度基本上能满足需要.     

Research Advance of Shrub Dendrochronology in the Cold and Arid Regions of China

Along with the booming of dendrochronology in China, the woody species for the tree-ring study have expanded gradually from tree species to the shrub and dwarf shrub species in the last decades. The zonal woody species in the vast alpine mountains, arid desert areas and arid regions in China are mostly shrubs and semi-shrubs, which is very important to understand the process of regional evolution, environmental protection and ecological recovery. In this paper, the shrub species which have been studied on tree rings in cold and arid areas of China were collected and sorted, and the fundamental research advances were presented, which include the shrub tree ring identification, radial growth characteristics, and chronology construction by different parameters. The applications of shrub dendrochronology to the subjects in eco-response, paleoclimate reconstruction, hydrological process, ecological study of artificial forest and ecological restoration were also presented. The prospect of shrub dendrochronology in the future was also discussed.     

The effect of vertical transports of heat and moisture by cumulus convection in typhoon

By utilizing the denser upper-air observations from the Okinawa region and Japanese islands during August 17－23, 1975, the vertical transports of heat and moisture by cumulus convection in the typhoon No. 7507 have been calculated. It is found that there exist a large apparent heat source (Q1) and a mois-ture sink (Q2) in the southern part of the typhoon at the disturbance, growing and mature stages. The magnitudes of the apparent heat source and moisture sink ace rather small, or turn into the apparent heat sink in the northern sector of the typhoon. In the southern part of the typhoon, the total cloud mass flux (Mc) is positive, whereas in the northern part of the typhoon Mc is negative. The above-mentioned distributions of Q1, Q2 and Mc agree well with the major cloud patterns.In the southern part of the typhoon, Q2 is positive because the drying effect is always larger than the evaporative cooling, whereas in the northern part of the typhoon, the opposite case is true because both the drying and evaporating effects of liquid water make a negative contribution to Q2.     

羟钒锌铅矿在中国的首次发现与研究

文中之羟钒锌铅矿系国内首次发现,用化学分析、X射线法、差热、红外光谱等手段进行了研究。 矿物呈黄褐色完美的晶簇,比重6.14,成分、结构及物理性质和国外同类矿物相同。作者重点地研究了它的热相变全过程,进而指出这是一种和多金属硫化矿床有关的次生矿物。     

The paleosol complex S5 in the China Loess Plateau — A record of climatic optimum during the last 1.2 Ma

Having investigated the loess-paleosol sequence in various loess deposition basins in the China Loess Plateau, authors have found that the paleosol complex S₅ is of special significance in terms of Pleistocene paleoclimate. Paleopedological, micromorphological, palynological and paleomagnetic evidences indicate that this paleosol complex formed in the interval of 460,000 to at least 560,000 years BP, which was a climatic optimum.     

THE EFFECT OF THE LONG WAVE OVER THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE ON TYPHOON TRACKS OVER THE NORTHWESTERN PACIFIC

The normal typhoon paths with 109 cases during the period from 1960 to 1979 have been analysed in this study.These paths are divided into 7 categories.The effect of the position and intensity of largescale wave on each category has been examined.It has been discovered,as a result,that this effect is rather evident.On the other hand,the teleconnection between different centers of anion does exist.A simple theoretical analysis indicates that the teleconnection is related to the propagation of wave energy.Thus,to predict comectly typhoon path,not only the steering flow of typhoon,but also,more significantly,the behavior of large-scale wave over the Northern Hemisphere must be taken into consideration.     

含裂隙介质受压破裂前地震波特性的综合实验研究与理论分析

本文用单轴压缩下砂岩试件的P、s波超声实验,对含裂隙高空度砂岩破裂前的Vp、Vs、Vp/Vs、Ap、As、As/Ap,初动段频谱,介质传递函数作了一系列实验研究。结果表明:l.Vp、Vs及Vp/Vs的变化同花岗岩,2.As/Ap要发生变化,3.有低频增加现象,4.介质传递函数发生变化,5.有第二P波产生。最后文章用两相介质中地宸波传播理论对实验结果作了定量分析。     

江汉油田烃类微渗漏蚀变信息及提取机理

本文围绕烃类微渗漏造成地表土壤蚀变的褪红、粘土矿化和碳酸盐化等3项标志,在江汉油田进行了相关的地球化学信息和光谱信息研究。在研究土壤成分特征的基础上,提出了反映3项蚀变标志的成分因子;在研究土壤光谱特征的基础上,提出了与蚀变成分因子相关的TM波段比值因子;在成分因子及TM波段比值因子的统计分析基础上,探索从室内土壤光谱数据中提取和烃类微渗漏蚀变相关的信息,并为图像特征信息提取奠定了基础。