油气藏成藏期构造应力场与油气聚集

本文重点讨论桥口油田成藏期构造应力场研究方法和分布规律,论述了构造应力场对构造体系、沉积体系及油气形成和分布的控制作用;提出了NNE向主导构造控制研究区油气的形成和分布,预测了有利含油气区。     

The 1786 earthquake-triggered landslide dam and subsequent dam-break flood on the Dadu River, southwestern China

Chinese historic documents recorded that on June 1, 1786, a strong M=7.75 earthquake occurred in the Kangding-Luding area, Sichuan, southwestern China, resulting in a large landslide that fell into the Dadu River. As a result, a landslide dam blocked the river. Ten days later, the sudden breaching of the dam resulted in catastrophic downstream flooding. Historic records document over 100,000 deaths by the flood. This may be the most disastrous event ever caused by landslide dam failures in the world. Although a lot of work has been carried out to determine the location, magnitude and intensity of the 1786 earthquake, relatively little is known about the occurrence and nature of the landslide dam. In this paper, the dam was reconstructed using historic documents and geomorphic evidence. It was found that the landslide dam was about 70 m high, and it created a lake with a water volume of about 50×10⁶ m³ and an area of about 1.7 km². The landslide dam breached suddenly due to a major aftershock on June 10, 1786. The peak discharge at the dam breach was estimated using regression equations and a physically based predictive equation. The possibility of a future failure of the landslide seems high, particularly due to inherent seismic risk, and detailed geotechnical investigations are strongly recommended for evaluating the current stability of the landslide.     

《南昌市及邻区历史地震和异常现象资料调查研究》概要

南昌市是江西省的省会城市,是江西省的政治、经济、文化中心,总人口424万,城区人口超过120万,旧城区人口密度高达每平方公里6万人.1996年国务院把南昌市列为全国13个地震监视防御城市之一.1999年在南昌市开展的遥感遥测工作资料成果显示:南昌市地下地质构造复杂,地下断裂纵横交错,存在发生地震的地质条件.     

云南历史地震记载与强震目录再析

上世纪50、80年代，我国曾两次广泛搜集地震历史资料，编辑出版了《中国地震资料年表》、《中国地震历史资料汇编》及各省区《地震资料汇编》等。在此基础上编制了1960年、1995年等4版强震目录，它们反映出我国历史强震活动及其灾害的基本状况，是地震预测、防震减灾等研究的基础资料。但因资料分析主要存在以下3方面问题，致使一些地震参数判定有误，并丢失了大量的中强地震：①历史记述之真伪判定与取舍；②无破坏性文字记述的所谓“有感地震”的分析处理；③地震震中、强度及其精度判定。本文以云南历史地震记载为据，对照1995年版《中国历史强震目录》(国家地震局震害防御司，1995)(以下简称《95目录》)，就以上问题予以讨论。     

京源口隧道开挖对赖邦村水源的影响

通过对赖邦村取水区、京源口隧道区的水文地质与工程地质条件,以及断水时间与隧道开挖的对应部位的调查,得到的结论是隧洞开挖揭穿了赖邦村取水区的主要补给源--构造裂隙含水系统,使其改变了原有的排泄条件,导致地下水向隧道集中渗漏,是造成取水区水量不断减少的主要原因.     

Sequence-Stratigraphic Framework from the Carboniferous to the Permian Chuanshanian Epoch in Dianqiangui Basin and Its Adjacent Areas, Southwest China

INTRODUCTION Alotofprogresshasbeenmadeinthestudyof Carboniferoussedimentologyandstratigraphyinthe Dianqianguibasinanditsadjacentareas,whichin cludethecomprehensivesummariesonchronostratigraphyandbiostratigraphybyJinetal.(2000)and Kuangetal.(1999);theoverallandsystematicsum mariesonCarboniferouslithostratigraphybyDong(1997),Yin(1997)andZhao(1996);thecompre hensivestudyonCarboniferoussedimentaryfacies andpaleogeographybyChenetal.(1994)andFeng etal.(1998)etc..AsshowninFig.1,theDian qiang…     

Magnetostratigraphic dating of the Donggutuo and Maliang Paleolithic sites in the Nihewan Basin, North China

A detailed magnetostratigraphic investigation, coupled with rock-magnetic studies, was carried out on a lacustrine sequence in the eastern Nihewan Basin, Northern China, which contains the Donggutuo and Maliang Paleolithic sites. Magnetite and hematite were identified as the main carriers for the characteristic remanent magnetizations. Magnetostratigraphic results show that the lacustrine sequence recorded the late Matuyama and Brunhes chrons. Furthermore, the Maliang artifact layer occurs just below the Brunhes/Matuyama boundary, and the Donggutuo artifact layer is just below the Jaramillo onset. Therefore, the age of the Maliang and Donggutuo artifact layers can be definitely estimated to be about 0.78 myr and 1.1 myr, respectively. These two paleomagnetic ages, coupled with previously obtained paleomagnetic data of the Majuangou, Xiaochangliang, Banshan, Lantian, and Xihoudu Paleolithic sites, suggest an expansion and lengthy flourishing of human groups from northern to north-central China during the entire Early Pleistocene.     

南岭山地高速公路路面温度变化特征分析

使用2003年3月至2005年8月南岭山地京珠高速公路粤境北段云岩路段3套自动气象站的逐分钟路面温度、地温、气温、湿度、风向、风速等气象资料,分析研究了南岭山地高速公路的路面温度特征及其与天气状况、气温、风速等气象条件的关系,并讨论了地形对南岭山地高速公路路面温度的影响。研究结果表明,南岭山地高速公路晴天和多云时的路面温度日变化明显,与辐射过程密切相关。路温与气温、地温的差异在晴天午后最为明显。晴天时路温、地温、气温的年变化趋势比较一致,路温与地温之间保持着明显的温差;多云天气时路温与地温的差值明显缩小,阴天时路温与地温的差值非常小。地形对路面温度有明显影响,高海拔地区路面温度相对较低,南岭北坡路面温度明显高于南坡,与局地小地形有关。高温过程时路面温度最高接近60℃,地温也超过50℃,持续高温对行车安全、路面和路基结构均有很大威胁。     

南海成因研究现状

南海作为西太平洋边缘海中最大的海盆，其成因与欧亚板块、太平洋板块和印度-澳大利亚板块密切相关，而且也是世界上重要的油气产区，成为国内外地质学家长期研究的热点地区之一。本文在前人研究的基础上对南海成因模式进行概括和总结，在此基础上讨论了南海成因模式存在的问题以及今后应重点研究的方面。     

如何评价电子水准仪的质量与性能

本文探讨了评价电子水准仪时应考虑的几个主要方面及检测时应注意的问题,并提出了“综合评价”电子水准仪的简便方法。