Quasars in variable mass hypothesis

The variable Mass Hypothesis of conformal gravitation theory of Hoyle-Narlikar is used to develop a model for the anomalous redshift quasar-galaxy associations. It is hypothesised that quasars are born in and ejected from the nuclei of parent galaxies as massless objects and the particle masses in them systematically increase with epoch. The dynamics of such an ejection is discussed and it is shown that the observed features such as redshift bunching and quasar alignments can be understood in this scenario. Further tests of this hypothesis are suggested.     

Electromagnetic response of an arbitrarily shaped three-dimensional conductor in a layered earth—numerical results

Summary. In an earlier work, mathematical formulation on computing the electromagnetic response of an arbitrarily shaped three-dimensional inhomogeneity in a layered earth had been worked out using an integral equation technique. The method has been used to show its efficacy by computing numerical results. Introducing suitable changes of variables the secondary contributions to Green's dyadic are put in the form of convolution integrals and are computed using a digital linear filtering scheme. The matrix equation is solved for the unknown electric fields in the inhomogeneity. The scattered fields are then calculated at the surface of the Earth using the appropriate Green's dyadic. The performance of the computations has been shown by comparing the numerical results with those obtained by analogue modelling as well as by other numerical schemes. The use of digital linear filtering saves an enormous amount of computer time.
The effects of varying excitation-frequency, conductivity of the host medium and that of the overburden have been studied in detail for a horizontal loop system traversing over a two-layered earth with a prismatic inhomogeneity situated in the lower conducting half space.     

The numerical evaluation of theH-functions of radiative transfer in active amplifying media

The present paper contains extensive tables of the values of theH-functionH(z,<0) and of the moments ofQ(x) (in terms of which the moments ofH(z, ) can be determined) appropriate for transfer of radiation in active amplifying media in which<0. These values have been computed correct to the 7th decimal place for values of in the range (–10^–12)-(–10³⁰) and for values of z[0,1] with the aid of a 48-point gaussian quadrature formula.     

Hydromagnetic turbulence in cometary plasmas

An instability associated with the magnetosonic wave driven unstable due to coupling with electron and ion drift modes has been considered as a potential source for driving the hydromagnetic turbulence observed in Giacobini-Zinner (G-Z) Cometary plasma. The instability has good growth rate for propagation perpendicular to plasma inhomogeneities and exists for all wave numbers. The wave period for waves propagating perpendicular to the gradients is about a few times ion-gyroperiod and higher values of plasma beta ( _e lead to stronger instability.     

Forest cover monitoring using remote sensing and GIS — A case study in Dhaulkhand range of Rajaji National Park,Uttar pradesh

Rajaji National Park in U.P. is a protected area where large number of nomad population live within the park area. Their dependence on the forest for cattle rearing and firewood has caused degradation of the forests. Proximity to settlements outside the park further adds to the problems. In the present study, forest cover and river, bed changes have been attempted by using temporal aerospace data of the year 1960 and 1993. Subsequently, PAMAP GIS package has been used for the change detection analysis. The study indicates that the land cover changes are mainly due to biotic factors. Some of the important changes in forest cover are: (i) transformation of mixed forest to scrub forest in 67 ha (ii) the sal mixed and mixed sal forest categories have replaced sal forest in 262 ha (iii) significant increase in forest plantation i.e. 2075 ha in the year 1960 to 3793 ha in 1993 (iv) eighteen times increase in Chirpine area, it increased from 13 ha in 1960 to 230 ha in 1993. The land cover changes in 6663 ha (45%) out of 14962 ha of the study area. The consequential changes in the river beds due to the change in the forest cover was also analyzed. During this period river beds with boulders have increased by 87 ha. These river bed changes include lengthening and broadening of river and change in river course.     

Sediment and heavy metal accumulation in the Cauvery basin

Eleven cores were collected from the Cauvery basin. Radiometric dates were used to determine modern sediment accumulation rates. Sediment accumulation rates ranged from 0.4 to 4 mm yr^–. Heavy metal concentration decreases with the increase of depth. The heavy metal concentrations at certain depths are attributed to the irregular input of metals and their remobilization. Heavy metal accumulations have been computed using sediment accumulation rates, and accumulation rates show an additional anthropogenic input of metals and sediments in the recent past. Factor analysis and correlation analysis show the diverse source and accumulation mechanism influencing the metal distribution in the basin.     

A comparison study between the newly-born ion effect and the thermal effect on the whistlers in the ionosphere

We have considered an ionospheric plasma model that includes the thermal effect along with the newly born ionic effect and derived a group travel time for the low-frequency whistlers with a view to employing it as a diagnostic tool in the ionosphere. The mathematical development shows that the thermal effect contribution varies with ( _i – )_–7/2 whereas that of the newly born ionic effect varies with _i – )_–5/2. Both the effects are discussed separately. It is concluded that the effects are reasonably countable in the ionosphere. The investigations finally conclude that both the effects should be taken into the whistler waves, otherwise the method might cause a discrepancy in the results, which could affect their accuracy.     

On the numerical evaluation of theH-functions of transfer problems in multiplying media

Extensive tables of the values ofH-functionsH ⁰(z, ) andH ₁ ⁰ (z, ) appropriate for the problems of radiative transfer in multiplying media characterized by >1, have been constructed correctly to the sixth decimal place for values of in the range 1.05–10. This accuracy has been attained with the aid of a 32-point Gaussian quadrature.     

Exact solution of the transport equation for radiative transfer with scattering albedo ωO < 1 using the Laplace transform and the Wiener-Hopf technique and an expression ofH-function

We have considered the transport equation for radiative transfer to a problem in semi-infinite non-conservative atmosphere with no incident radiation and scattering albedo ₀ < 1. Usint the Laplace transform and the Wiener-Hopf technique, we have determined the emergent intensity and the intensity at any optical depth. We have obtained theH-function of Dasgupta (1977) by equating the emergent intensity with the intensity at zero optical depth.