中条山地区郭家沟基性-超基性岩体的岩石成因及地质意义

文章通过对中条山地区郭家沟基性-超基性岩体的岩石学、矿物学和岩石地球化学方面的分析研究,讨论了该岩体的形成时代、岩石成因、及其地质意义。郭家沟岩体侵入时代为元古代,可能与绛县群形成时代较为相近(2200Ma左右)。郭家沟岩体具有岩相分带现象,边缘相为辉长岩,向内渐变过渡为含长辉石岩、变余辉石岩(角闪石岩)等,在岩体的中心发育着磁铁透闪石岩;岩石中Mg O与其他主量元素线性相关,各类岩石地球化学特征较为相似,显示出岩石受分离结晶作用的影响,具有岩浆同源演化的趋势;岩石总体显示出低硅、低镁、高铁、高钛、高钙的特征,相对富集LREE和LILE,而亏损HREE和Nb、Ta、Zr、Y等高场强元素,轻重稀土分馏明显,具有较弱的Eu异常,V含量较高,具有阿拉斯加型侵入岩体和与火山弧相关的岩浆特征。从岩石组合及地球化学特征结合区域构造演化,认为岩体形成于大陆边缘弧的构造环境,从侧面也说明绛县群的形成环境应该是大陆边缘俯冲后的伸展环境,而非陆内裂谷。     

Cannibalistic viruses in the aquatic environment: role of virophages in manipulating microbial communities

The ecological role of viruses in aquatic environments is gaining interest due to their abundance and overall diversity. Much focus has been on bacteriophages since they were found to play an important role in the diversification and sustainment at both the micro- and macro-scale. However, the discovery of virophages coexisting with giant viruses in a diverse set of eukaryotic hosts has recently gained attention. Virophages are small double-stranded DNA viruses found parasitizing giant viruses of eukaryotes. Since the discovery of the first virophage (Sputnik) many virophage signatures have been detected from a variety of environmental samples with specific infection cycles. In addition, these parasites display important roles in equilibrating microbial biomass, nutrient cycling and population dynamics. Moreover, virophage-induced evolution between giant viruses and their hosts have also been described. Considering the ongoing discovery of virophages and their dynamics in aquatic ecosystems, this review intends to provide an update of the virophage signatures identified to date, also tending to provide insight on the mechanisms of coinfection as well as their role as agents of biodiversity and nutrient cyclers in water environments.     

银催化HDEA电化学发光法测定矿样中的痕量银

在碱性介质中,痕量Ag(Ⅰ)对新试剂6-(2-羟基-4-二乙基氨苯偶氮)-2,3-二氢-1,4-酞嗪二酮(简称HDEA)的电化学发光具有显著的催化作用。基于此,提出了HDEA-KCI-KOH体系测定矿样中痕量Ag的新方法。方法的检测限为2.0×10~(-8)mol/L Ag,线性范围为5.0×10~(-8)—3.0×10~(-6)mol/L Ag。采用巯基棉富集分离,应用本法测定一些矿样中的Ag,结果良好。     

小试金光谱法同时测定地质样品中超痕量铂钯金

用小试金光谱法同时测定地质样品中低至0·x×10~(-9)级Pt、Pd和Au,包括先用小试金熔炼和灰吹预富集10g样品中的Pt、Pd和Au于1mg的银合粒中,然后把银合粒装入石墨电极同锇-锑合金(ω(Os)=0.06)一起激发,以发射光谱法同时测定它们的含量。小试金法类同经典火试金,但采用纯化过的2PbCO_3·Pb(OH)_2(Pt、Pd和Au的含量皆<0.05 ×10~(-9)代替商品PbO,并且用50ml高铝坩埚在950℃进行熔炼。方法的检出限是Pt0.2×10~(-9),Pd和Au均为0.1×10     

核爆炸玻璃、撞击玻璃和玻璃陨石源岩

本文根据核爆炸岩石熔融玻璃的地球化学研究结果,与超速陨石撞击坑的熔岩进行比较,获得在远离热力学平衡条件下,各种玻璃和熔岩在化学成分上分布十分均匀的重要结论。岩石玻璃和熔岩是由基岩各组成岩石按一定比例混合熔融形成的。它们的主量元素和痕量元素丰度受基岩元素背景值制约。文中根据熔体和靶岩的化学成分,计算了熔岩各组成岩石的百分比。玻璃陨石是地壳岩石受撞击熔融形成的。同一撒布区的玻璃陨石化学成分相近,说明起源于同一源坑;而玻璃陨石化学成分的不同,则说明母岩组成分量的差异。因此,文中通过模拟计算,得出各玻璃陨石的组成源岩。澳大利亚撒布区的玻璃陨石,Al₂O₃,K₂O 和Na₂O 与 SiO₂及 K₂O/Na₂O 比值不完全相同,说明澳大利亚撒布区存在着几个不同的源岩和源坑,至少有印支、爪哇、菲律宾和澳大利亚四个相应撞击坑。     

M17树脂分离富集原子荧光测定岩矿中痕量碲

本文研究了不同种类树脂对Te的吸附能力,提出了在3mol/L HCl介质中,用M_(17)二甲胺树脂吸附,然后用水洗脱的新途径,使Te有效且无污染地得到分离和富集,实现了原子荧光测定地质试样中ppb级痕量Te。经地矿部标准参考样GSR7-12考察,分析结果与推荐值相符。     

首次发现锰副硅灰石

锰副硅灰石是副硅灰石一个新变种矿物,为国内外首次发现。产于我国内蒙古矽卡岩型铅锌矿床中。矿物属于单斜晶系,空间群C_(2h)~5-P2_(1/c),晶胞参数a=1.47213,b=0.70489,c=0.69055nm,β=95.827°±0.03,V=0.71289nm~3,Z=12。化学分子式为(Ca_(0.75)Mn_(0.19)Fe_(0.068))_(1.00)Si_(1.00)O_3,属于硅灰石亚族矿物。     

Distribution of Rare—earth Elements in the Shenzhen Bay and Dapeng Bay Modern Sediments

The aim of this paper is to study the REE geochemistry of the Shenzhen Bay (SZB) and Dapeng Bay(DPB) modern sediments, discuss their REE distribution patterns, reveal the REE geochemical difference between the two bays which share the same material source but are deposited in different sedimentary environments, and expound their dynamic changes.It can be concluded that the SZB and DPB sediments are essentially of continental source.Their REE distribution patterns are quite different from those of Pacific pelagic sediments, but are very similar to those of South Chi-na granites.Because of different sedimentary environments prevailing in the SZB and DPB, some REE fractionation would have taken place in the sediments of the two bays.