Paleomagnetic data from the Late Carboniferous-Late Permian rocks in eastern Tibet and their implications for tectonic evolution of the northern Qiangtang-Qamdo block

We report paleomagnetic results from the Late Carboniferous-Late Permian strata in eastern Tibet (China), and aim to clarify the tectonic and paleogeographic evolution of the northern Qiangtang-Qamdo block, which is the key to the study of plate boundary between the Gondwanaland and the Eurasia during the late Paleozoic. Two hundred and nineteen samples-including limestone, muddy siltstone, basalt, lava, and tuff-were collected at 24 sites in the Upper Carboniferous and Middle-Upper Permian successions. A systematic study of rock magnetism and paleomagnetism yields three reliable paleomagnetic pole positions. Both hematite and magnetite occurred in the Late Carboniferous limestone samples. The demagnetization curve shows a characteristic double-component, with the remanent magnetization (ChRM) exhibiting a positive polarity (negative inclination). In the Late Permian limestone, tuff, and basalt, magnetic information were recorded primarily in magnetite, although a small fraction of them was found in hematite in basalt. The demagnetization curve illustrates a double or single component, with the ChRM showing a negative polarity (positive inclination), which has passed the classic fold test successfully. The single polarity features of the ChRM directions of the Late Carboniferous and Middle-Late Permian rocks are respectively related to the Kiaman positive and reversed polarities under the stratigraphic coordinates. This, in turn, indicates that both ChRMs directions represent the original remanence directions. By comparison with the previously published paleomagnetic results from the late Paleozoic rocks in the northern Qiangtang Range, we suggest that: (1) Qamdo and northern Qiangtang block were independent of each other during the Late Carboniferous to the Early Permian periods. The north Lancangjiang ocean basin between the two blocks may have closed before the Middle Permian and been involved in the continent-continent collision stage in the Late Permian-Early Triassic periods. (2) The northern Qiangtang-Qamdo Block paleogeographically was situated at low to intermediate latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere in the Late Carboniferous-Late Permian periods, and began to displace northward in the Early Triassic, with an amount of more than 5000 km northward transport from its current location.     

唐山马家沟矿井水位异常分析

地下水动态受水文因素影响较大,对地震和构造活动具有较灵敏的响应。判别并排除各种水文干扰,确认地下水在地震前的异常变化,对提高地震分析预报能力,具有重要作用。马家沟矿井水位动态观测层与地下水开采层为同一含水层,井水位于2010年出现破年变异常,加速持续上升,截至2015年,最大上升幅度约30 m。依据该井水文地质环境特征,根据唐山市区2001-2015年地下水位、降雨量、地下水开采量实测资料,建立合理多元回归模型和三维地下水流动模型,发现地下水开采量减少应为影响马家沟矿井水位动态的可能因素。文中采取的异常识别与分析方法,可为其他类似井孔的地下水动态异常识别及判定提供一定借鉴。     

马兰煤矿主斜井底水仓底板加固防治水方法

山西太原古交矿区马兰煤矿主斜井底水仓布置在奥陶系顶部隔水关键层内,其底板为奥陶系峰峰组灰岩,隔水层厚度4.17 m,受到底板奥灰承压含水层的严重威胁。为了消除突水隐患,在水仓底板岩石变形破坏机理模拟研究的基础上,同时考虑到研究区奥灰含水层距离近、水量大的特殊情况,探索出一种新型注浆加固方法对水仓底板进行注浆加固,并取得了良好效果。设计为一钢筋混凝土盖先覆于水仓底板上,同时用加强筋与围岩连接,之后再采用浅孔低压与深孔高压交替注浆充填的方法进行加固。此方法使水仓底板与围岩成为一个整体,对浆液起到封闭作用,使底板更加稳固。     

Kinetics of redox cycling of iron coupled with fulvic acid

The kinetics of conversion of iron(III) (hydr)oxides to ferrous iron mediated by fulvic acid have been investigated in order to improve the understanding of the redox cycling of iron at the oxic-anoxic boundary in natural waters. Under the conditions similar to natural waters, fulvic acid is able to reduce the iron(III) (hydr)oxide. The kinetics of the reaction depend on the reactivity of iron(III) (hydr)oxides and the reducing power of the fulvic acid. The rate of reaction is 60 nm/h obtained under following conditions: total concentration of Fe(III) 1.0 × 10^–4 M, pH 7.5, fulvic acid 5 mg/L. The rate is considered as a net result of reduction and oxidation in the > Fe^III-OH/Fe(II) wheel coupled with fulvic acid. In a real natural water system, reductants other than fulvic acid may be of importance. The results obtained in the laboratory, however, provide evidence that the Fe(OH)₃(s)/Fe(II) redox couple is able to act as an electron-transfer mediator for the oxidation of natural organic substances, such as fulvic acid by molecular oxygen either in the absence of microorganisms or as a supplement to microbial activity.     

Characteristics of earthquake sequences in the Kuril Islands

IntroductionEarthquakesshowanon-homogeneousdistributionontheEarth'ssurface;inmostregions,therearenoorfeweanhquakestooccur.Mosteanhquakesconcentrateinsomenarrowandlonghugeseismicbelts,forexample,thecircum-Pacificseismicbelt,Alpine-Himalnyanseismicbeltandmid-oceanridgeseismicbelt.Themid-oceanridgeseismicbelttraversesthePacific,Indian,AtlanticandArcticOceanstoformaunifiedandinterconnectedmid-oceanridgeseismicbelt;itisalsoconnectedwiththecircum-Pacific,Alpine-Himalayanseismicbelts.Therefore,t…     

云南省南华县大龙塘金矿矿床成因

大龙塘金矿除了受层位、构造因素控制外,尤其是地下水中、低温热液改造对矿床的形成有巨大作用;金的富集也与矿石的岩石类型、结构构造,围岩蚀变等有关。     

资源枯竭型城市空间扩展进程研究——以淮北市为例

城市空间扩展是衡量新型城镇化背景下城市化进程的重要指标之一,对于研究资源枯竭型城市的可持续发展也有重要的意义。以遥感影像为基础,结合ArcGIS和Matlab软件实现建成区范围的自动提取;选取城市化强度、重心和紧凑度等指标,分析资源枯竭型城市空间扩展的时空特征;结合研究区实际情况和部分统计数据探讨了城市空间扩展驱动机制。结果表明：1992-2016年,淮北市建成区面积由13.64 km²增加到130.19 km²,净增8.54倍。城市化强度水平处于中等程度,城市扩展强度处于较高的水平,城市土地利用集约程度不高;重心总体呈现出东偏的姿态,建成区用地紧凑度逐渐下降。经济及人口、政府决策、交通水平和采煤塌陷区分别是研究区城市空间扩展的驱动机制、引导机制、内生机制和限制机制。     

乌鲁木齐市环境污染现状分析及防御对策

对乌鲁木齐市环境污染现状作了分析，重点分析大气污染、水环境质量、污染物排放、噪声环境以及其它环境问题，较为综合地反应了乌鲁木齐市环境总体状况，并就污染问题提出防御对策。     

Review of the Study of Nonlinear Atmospheric Dynamics in China （1999-2002）

Researches on nonlinear atmospheric dynamics in China (1999-2002) are briefly surveyed. This review includes the major achievements in the following branches of nonlinear dynamics: nonlinear stability theory,nonlinear blocking dynamics, 3D spiral structure in the atmosphere, traveling wave solution of the nonlinear evolution equation, numerical predictability in a chaotic system, and global analysis of climate dynamics.Some applications of nonlinear methods such as hierarchy structure of climate and scaling invariance, the spatial-temporal series predictive method, the nonlinear inverse problem, and a new difference scheme with multi-time levels are also introduced.