闽江河口盐沼湿地沉积物有机碳含量及储量特征

以闽江河口最大的鳝鱼滩湿地为研究区,选择远、近潮沟2个不同潮水水淹区域设置样线,对研究区3种建群植物芦苇（Phragmites australis）、短叶茳芏（又称咸草）（Cyperus malacceusis）和蔗草（Scirpus triqueter）下18个沉积物剖面分层取样,研究闽江河口湿地远、近潮沟区不同植物下沉积物有机碳含量和储量的垂直分布特征。结果表明,芦苇下沉积物有机碳含量及储量最大,咸草下沉积物次之,蔗草下沉积物最小;芦苇、咸草和蔗草下0～60cm沉积物中有机碳储量平均为10045．7t／km^2、9706．9t／km^2和5303．9t／km^2;湿地沉积物有机碳含量及储量与植物种类及生物量密切相关;近潮沟区蔗草下沉积物有机碳含量和储量大于远潮沟区,而远、近潮沟区芦苇和咸草下沉积物有机碳含量波动变化,且差异不明显,其近潮沟区有机碳储量小于远潮沟区。3种植物下沉积物有机碳含量与容重呈显著指数负相关关系（n=36,r=-0．8041,p〈0．001）,其与盐度、pH不相关。     

地下隐蔽水库的高密度电法探测研究

地下空间开发过程中,要尽量避开地下已建成的建筑物和市政设施,然而由于各种原因造成地下已建成的建筑物、市政设施等具体位置不明确,形成为地下空间开发过程中的障碍物,对设计和施工造成不利影响.高密度电法具有成本低,效率高,信息丰富,解释方便等特点,威为解决这些地下障碍物问题的物探方法之一.为了探测在地铁选线过程中遇到的地下隐蔽水库,选用了高密度电法进行探测,并且依据调研到的资料建立了正演模型.模拟结果表明高密度电法可以圈定地下隐蔽水库的边界范围.最终的探测结果和正演结果基本一致.这说明在地下空间开发过程中采用高密度电法探测地下隐蔽水库具有可行性,探测的结果能为设计和施工提供参考依据.同时,在探测实施时根据已知条件进行正演模拟有助于解译高密度电法实测结果.     

基于GIS的矿体形态三维可视化定位研究——以喇嘛苏外围中段隐伏铜矿体为例

隐伏矿体的勘查一直是当下矿产勘查的热点,尤其是对矿体形态复杂的金属矿进行定位、定量、定概率研究。喇嘛苏外围隐伏铜矿体产于华力西早—中期斜长花岗斑岩与中元古界蓟县系库松木契克群下亚群泥化微晶灰岩的接触带部位,属于典型的接触交代矽卡岩型矿床,矿体形态复杂多变,给矿山企业的资源量估算带来很大不确定性。采用"桌面GIS+移动GIS数据集成+数据处理"的方法,克服了传统勘查方法单一与延时的缺点,解决地学测量数据"离散化"的状态,将研究区地质—物探—化探—遥感数据与图件集成,对综合异常区进行快速的圈定;建立集成研究区多源信息矢量化空间数据库,利用医学上的Marching Cubes方法,对侵入体与赋矿层进行三维可视化模拟,结合钻孔见矿位置佐证矿体形态展布变化以及预测东南向隐伏矿体,为矿山企业降低勘探采矿风险、缩短勘查周期提供数据支持。     

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主动调频气压液柱阻尼器对非对称建筑控制

基于经典线性二次最优控制算法(LQR),对安装主动调频气压液柱阻尼器(Active TunedLiquid Column Gas Damper,ATLCGD)的非对称结构进行抗震性能研究。ATLCGD由调频气压液柱阻尼器(Tuned Liquid Column Gas Damper,TLCGD)发展而来,在TLCGD液柱端部连接气压控制箱,通过引入控制气压对结构实施主动控制。以4层非对称结构为算例,利用LQR算法控制结构在ElCentro地震波作用下的振动,ATLCGD对非对称结构抵抗平移-扭转耦联振动有显著的减振效果。     

后循环缺血患者椎基底动脉狭窄的3D-TOP-MRA与DSA对照研究

目的:对照分析后循环缺血患者椎基底动脉的3D-TOP-MRA和DSA检查结果,探讨3D-TOP-MRA用于后循环缺血的诊断价值。方法:选取80例后循环缺血患者分别完成椎基底动脉的3D-TOP-MRA和DSA检查,以盲法判断动脉血管的狭窄情况,对比分析两种方法检测结果间的相关性,并系统评价3D-TOP-MRA的诊断效率。结果:以DSA为金标准,3D-TOP-MRA检测出狭窄血管的总体灵敏度为88.23%,轻度、中度、重度狭窄和闭塞的灵敏度分别为57.89%、96.30%、85.71%和100%。3D-TOP-MRA检查出狭窄血管总体特异度为66.67%,轻度、中度、重度狭窄和闭塞的特异度分别为100%、96.23%、92.42%和100%。3D-TOP-MRA检查出狭窄血管的总体准确度为85.00%,轻度、中度、重度狭窄和闭塞的准确度分别为90.00%、96.25%、91.25%和100%。结论:3D-TOP-MRA无创检测后循环缺血患者椎基底动脉的狭窄有较高的准确度和灵敏度,特别是中重度狭窄病例,可作为血管狭窄术前筛查、术后随访重要检查手段,有利于控制后循环缺血诊治过程中的临床风险。      

P-wave attenuation anisotropy in TI media and its application in fracture parameters inversion

The existence of aligned fractures in fluid-saturated rocks leads to obvious attenuation anisotropy and velocity anisotropy. Attenuation anisotropy analysis can be applied to estimate fracture density and scale, which provide important information for reservoir identification. This paper derives P-wave attenuation anisotropy in the ATI media where the symmetry axis is in the arbitrary direction theoretically and modifies the spectral ratio method to measure attenuation anisotropy in the ATI media, thus avoiding a large measurement error when applied to wide azimuth or full azimuth data. Fracture dip and azimuth can be estimated through attenuation anisotropy analysis. For small-scale fractures, fracture scale and fracture density can be determined with enhanced convergence if velocity and attenuation information are both used. We also apply the modified spectralratio method to microseismic field data from an oilfield in East China and extract the fracture dip through attenuation anisotropy analysis. The result agrees with the microseismic monitoring.     

Spatial distribution analysis of landslides triggered by the 2013-04-20 Lushan earthquake,China

The 2013-04-20 Lushan earthquake(seismic magnitude Ms 7.0 according to the State Seismological Bureau)induced a large number of landslides.In this study,spatial characteristics of landslides are developed by interpreting digital aerial photography data.Seven towns near the epicenter,with an area of about 11.11 km2,were severely affected by the earthquake,and 703 landslides were identified from April 24,2013 aerial photography data over an area of 1.185 km2.About 55.56% of the landslide area was less than 1000 m2,whereas about 3.23 % was more than 10,000 m2.Rock falls and shallow landslides were the most commonly observed types in the study area,and were primarily located in the center of Lushan County.Most landslide areas were widely distributed near river channels and along roads.Five main factors were chosen to study the distribution characteristics of landslides:elevation,slope gradients,fault,geologic unit and river system.The spatial distribution of coseismal landslides is studied statistically using both landslide point density(LPD),defined as the number of landslides(LS Number)per square kilometer,and landslide area density(LAD),interpreted as the percentage of landslides area affected by earthquake.The results show that both LPD and LAD have strong positive correlations with five main factors.Most landslides occurred in the gradient range of 40°-50° and an elevation range of 1.0-1.5 km above sea level.Statistical results also indicate that landslides were mainly formed in soft rocks such as mudstone and sandstone,and concentrated in IX intensity areas.     

Review of snow water equivalent microwave remote sensing

Accurate quantitative global scale snow water equivalent information is crucial for meteorology, hydrology, water cycle and global change studies, and is of great importance for snow melt-runoff forecast, water resources management and flood control. With land surface process model and snow process model, the snow water equivalent can be simulated with certain accuracy, with the forcing data as input. However, the snow water equivalent simulated using the snow process models has large uncertainties spatially and temporally, and it may be far from the needs of practical applications. Thus, the large scale snow water equivalent information is mainly from remote sensing. Beginning with the launch of Nimbus-7 satellite, the research on microwave snow water equivalent remote sensing has developed for more than 30 years, researchers have made progress in many aspects, including the electromagnetic scattering and emission modeling, ground and airborne experiments, and inversion algorithms for future global high resolution snow water equivalent remote sensing program. In this paper, the research and progress in the aspects of electromagnetic scattering/emission modeling over snow covered terrain and snow water equivalent inversion algorithm will be summarized.     

西准噶尔包古图Ⅴ号岩体围岩蚀变的特征及ETM+蚀变信息的提取

以新疆西准噶尔包古图Ⅴ号岩体为例,系统论述了包古图Ⅴ号含矿岩体的围岩蚀变分带和蚀变期次。结合ETM+数据的特征,选择多种遥感图像预处理方法组合,建立了基于典型蚀变矿物的特征光谱拟合技术的多光谱遥感蚀变信息提取模型,即遥感数据的归一化处理(Calibration )+掩膜(Mask)+混合像元分解(Endmember Unmixing)+波谱拟合(Spectral Feature Fitting)+ SAM+分类(分割)的CES模型。据此模型对岩体进行信息提取,并与化探资料叠加验证了该方法的可行性,取得了较满意的效果。