天体引力方法在卫星红外地震短临预测中的应用

天体的引潮力能否触发地震的问题早已引起人们的关注,许多学者作了大量的研究和分析,得到一些有说服力的统计结果.但这些都是从单一角度进行地震发震研究,任振球等将天体应力与地应力结合研究地震预报.地震发震前后卫星热红外图像异常增温已经得到广泛的认可,如何将红外异常增温为主导与天体引力为诱导的方法相结合,对地震时空强三要素预报,是一个有价值的研究课题.     

Organic Petrological Studies on Immature Source Rocks

Organic petrology is a marginal science that is quite practicable. At present, it has developed into a routine research tool that is widely applied in petroleum exploration and assessment. Based on several years‘ research of the authors, this paper presents the advances in organic petrological studies on immature source rocks, including the classification and characteristics of macerals, the composition of macerals and types of organic matter, the abundance and evolution of organic matter, oil-prone macerals, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion. All these results show that organic petrology is of considerable value pertaining to its application in the assessment of immature oil and gas. The immature source rocks consist of various macerals with obvious heterogeneity, contain different hydrocarbon-generating macerals with different oil thresholds and oil peaks, and show a two-staged evolutionary pattern of organic matter.     

三维地震勘探恢复性放炮法变通问题的讨论

受地物影响，炮点的理论变观方法(恢复性放炮法)只能是三维地震数据采集过程中的一种补救措施而已，它只保证了设计覆盖次数不变的目的，而不能保证道集内炮检距和方位角不变的目的。一方面，变观后要求所有的炮检距均满足最大炮检距的限定条件显得过于苛刻；另一方面，对地层倾角较大或煤层埋藏较浅的勘探区，一个区的最大炮检距允许值也不一定是一个确定的值，通常的做法是取平均值。据此，提出了三维变观80原则，即在变观炮点不多或不集中时，只要变观炮点记录中有80％的炮检距或不低于80％的道满足最大炮检距要求，就可认为变观是成功的。这种实用的变观方法，对三维地震勘探野外数据采集工作有较明确的指导意义。     

颗粒分析用量筒的规格标准和计量标定

文章讨论了国内外用于密度计法颗粒分析用量筒的计量标准的规定，提出了相应的建议和标定方法。     

用远场辐射场反演云闪放电参数

用地面电磁场遥感闪电放电参数无论是在实际应用还是理论研究中都具有重要意义。文中基于电流传输线模式 ,提出了一种用单站远场VLF/LF辐射场反演云内放电参数的简便方法。当传输线电流从底部传播到顶部的时间只有几微秒时 ,整个传输线的VLF/LF辐射可以近似成偶极子辐射 ,即远场辐射场与电流的时间变化率和传输线长度的乘积成正比。因此 ,对远场辐射场做时间积分就能获得完整的电流矩波形 (上升沿有所加宽 ) ,而且传输线模式中的重要参数 ,电流从底部传播到顶端经历的时间 ,也可以近似地用辐射场时间积分幅度与辐射场幅度之比来估计。这一方法具有估计云闪双极性大脉冲辐射过程的放电参数的潜力。     

加强气象依法行政促进气象事业发展

随着“依法治国”方略在气象部门的贯彻，作为气象行政执法主体机关，气象部门应如何搞好依法行政，保证气象事业快速有序发展，从而更好地为经济社会服务，本文从目前气象依法行政工作中面临的主要问题出发，结合市(地)气象部门的实际情况，提出了今后气象依法行政要做好的五方面工作。     

含煤盆地煤储层后期改造形式及对煤层气选区影响--以华北克拉通选区为例

阐述了改造型含煤盆地煤储层被改造的两种形式；煤体结构的改造及构造煤的形成原因；后生充填物对煤层孔隙的改造及形成原因。提出了以构造煤发育程度作为改造型含煤盆地改造强度的一个指标。概述了华北克拉通盆地由中生代剪压应力转化为新生代剪张应力和拉张应力，而在盆地内形成以挤压构造为主到伸展构造为主的演化历程，及不同构造类型的区域分布，指出这种演化极易形成构造煤和后生充填物。提出将华北克拉通含煤盆地分为3种改造类型及其分布区域，分析了各自区域的煤储层物性及对煤层气开发选区的影响。提出应重视鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗纪煤层的煤层气．研究与开发．     

Beryllium-10 in Australasian tektites: Constraints on the location of the source crater

By using accelerator mass spectrometry we have measured the ¹⁰Be concentrations of 86 Australasian tektites. Corrected to the time of tektite production ∼0.8 My ago, the ¹⁰Be concentrations (10⁶ atom/g) range from 59 for a layered tektite from Huai Sai, Thailand, to 280 for an australite from New South Wales, Australia. The average value is 143 ± 50. When tektites are sorted by country, their average measured ¹⁰Be concentrations increase slowly with increasing distance from Southeast Asia, the probable location of the tektite producing event, from 59 ± 9 for 6 layered tektites from Laos to 136 ± 20 for 20 splash-form tektites from Australia. The lowest ¹⁰Be concentrations for tektites fall on or within a contour centered off the shore of Vietnam, south of the Gulf of Tonkin (107°E; 17°N), but also encompassing two other locations in the area of northeastern Thailand previously proposed for the site of a single tektite-producing impact. The ¹⁰Be concentrations of layered tektites show only a weak anticorrelation (R ∼ −0.3) with the numbers of relict crystalline inclusions.Loosely consolidated, fine-grained terrestrial sediments or recently consolidated sedimentary rocks are the most likely precursor materials. Dilution of sediments with other kinds of rock raises problems in mixing and is not supported by petrographic data. Sedimentary columns that have the right range of ¹⁰Be concentrations occur off the coasts of places where sedimentation rates are high relative to those in the deep sea. A single impact into such a region, 15 to 300 m thick, could have propelled near-surface, high-¹⁰Be material farthest—to Australia—while keeping the deeper-lying, low-¹⁰Be layers closer to home. We do not rule out, however, other proposed mechanisms for tektite formation.