基于时间序列遥感影像的广西南流江口海岛变迁研究

广西南流江口无居民海岛生态系统较为脆弱,自海岛地名普查以来,该区域海岛形态和岛体开发利用变化显著。文章基于2012—2019年共8期遥感影像,开展南流江口海岛形态和开发利用的遥感提取和变化检测,并逐年分析海岛变化情况。遥感监测结果表明：2012—2019年,南流江口10个海岛形态变化显著,面积减少约61.8%,2个海岛岛体新增开发利用变化;重点说明花轿铺、小砖窑岛和小平墩岛3个显著变化海岛的逐年变迁情况,并分析海岛变迁的主要原因,为海岛保护和管理提出若干建议。     

水体叶绿素含量的遥感定量模型

利用１９９２年７月２５日陆地卫星ＴＭ数据与该日同步湖面多点观测资料,对太湖北部水体叶绿素含量与不同波段遥感值的关系进行了定量分析,发现ＴＭ３与Ｃｈｌ－ａ含量有负幂次关系,ＴＭ４,ＴＭ７则分别与Ｃｈｌ－ａ含量有较好的正、负线性相关性。     

太湖风生流数值模式及其对总磷分布的影响

A new up-winding finite element numerical model, which is two-dimensional and suitable for modeling lake current and the distribution of total phosphorus(TP) in shallow lakes, is derived. Moreover, it is used in the study of wind-driven current in Taihu Lake, and the impact of lake current field on the distribution of TP is also discussed.     

太湖水面太阳辐射中的光合有效成份

本文利用睛空大气辐射传输分光参数化模式,讨论了到达太湖水面太阳总辐射中光合有效成分所占比例的日变化状况。辐射传输计算所涉及的气象参数采用无锡地区气象站资料;水体反射仅考虑有风浪状况下的水平Fresnel反射。两次湖面实测太阳总辐射日变化曲线与计算值对比分析表明,计算结果基本上能反映晴空条件下太湖水面辐射状况。本文结果对利用总辐射值估算水体生态研究中感兴趣的光合有效成份有一定参考价值。     

Integration of maximum crop response with machine learning regression model to timely estimate crop yield

Timely and reliable estimation of regional crop yield is a vital component of food security assessment, especially in developing regions. The traditional crop forecasting methods need ample time and labor to collect and process field data to release official yield reports. Satellite remote sensing data is considered a cost-effective and accurate way of predicting crop yield at pixel-level. In this study, maximum Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) during the crop-growing season was integrated with Machine Learning Regression (MLR) models to estimate wheat and rice yields in Pakistan's Punjab province. Five MLR models were compared using a fivefold cross-validation method for their predictive accuracy. The study results revealed that the regression model based on the Gaussian process outperformed over other models. The best performing model attained coefficient of determination (R2), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE, t/ ha), and Mean Absolute Error (MAE, t/ha) of 0.75, 0.281, and 0.236 for wheat; 0.68, 0.112, and 0.091 for rice, respectively. The proposed method made it feasible to predict wheat and rice 6– 8 weeks before the harvest. The early prediction of crop yield and its spatial distribution in the region can help formulate efficient agricultural policies for sustainable social, environmental, and economic progress.     

中亚干旱区陆地水资源对气候变化的响应

气候变化对中亚干旱区高山融雪、蒸散发以及径流等水循环过程产生影响,从而引起区域水资源在空间和时间上的重新分配.在归纳总结降水、土壤水、地表水、陆地水储量等不同水体类型在气候变化下改变情况的基础上,综述了中亚干旱区陆地水资源变化对气候变化响应的现状及进展.由于使用的数据和评估方法不同,水资源变化研究结果具有一致性及不确定...     

气象服务的投入、产出和效益机制的理论研究

本文以市场经济和气象事业系统的改革为出发点,分别考察气象公益服务、气象专业有偿服务的投入机制、产出机制和效益机制,讨论三者间的关系及各自的内在规律性,并开拓性的提出了相应的范畴。     

FAST故障促动器快速拆换机构设计与研究

针对射电望远镜FAST促动器存在长期承受重载拉力、洼地使用、潮湿多雨、数量大、分布广、设计寿命长等维护不利条件,基于接口便于安装、加载安全可靠、拉杆地面调节、拆换销轴爬梯的设计要点,提出了一种故障促动器快速拆换机构方案,并对关键技术进行研究:包括上连杆开口非封闭C型结构强度、刚度及轻量化有限元分析,抗剪键组件运动控制计算。以上工作为后续快速拆换机构物理样机研制提供了设计方案、分析思路及计算方法,也对解决同类重型加载装置的拆换具有借鉴意义。     

Study on Optical Properties of Unpigmented Suspended Particles,Yellow Substance and Phytoplankton Algae in Taihu Lake

The optical properties of a waterbody are subjects of research on limnological hydrooptics. The optical properties of, and parameterization methods for, three impurities in Taihu Lake, namely unpigmented suspensions, yellow substance and phytoplankton algae, are analyzed in detail in this paper dealing with the optical types of Taihu Lake waters both in winter and in summer. The results showed that : 1 ) The optical parameters of suspended particles can be calculated by the application of Mie Theory; 2) The absorption of yellow substance decreases exponentially with increasing wavelength, with the mean value of decreasing rate being about 0.014 nm^-1 ; 3) Taihu Lake waters appeared to be of type PY in winter, with suspended particles and yellow substance being the dominant light absorbers, and type CPY in summer, with suspended particles, yellow substance and phytoplankton algae being the dominant light absorbers; 4) In winter or summer, unpigmented suspension has the main effect on the scattering property of Taihu Lake waters.