利用CODE新光压模型的精密定轨研究

采用新光压模型ECOMC和ECOM-9,分别使用5种IGU精密超快速星历进行精密定轨,以最终IGS精密星历作为真值,比较GPS卫星的定轨精度.结果 表明,相较于ECOM-9光压模型,ECOMC光压模型能够提升卫星径向、切向和法向的轨道精度,其中径向提升较为明显;对比5种IGU超快速精密星历的定轨结果,ECOMC光压模型...     

毫秒时间尺度太阳微波辐射新特征

自1990年6月北京天文台太阳射电偏振仪投入实测以来,观测到一百多个“Spike”和短时标精细结构微波幅射,其中包括一些新的微波幅射特征。本文给出了主要的四点特征:(1)窄带辐射;(2)快速偏振逆转;(3)快速频率漂移;(4)不同时标的准周期振荡。     

A New Solar Radio Spectrometer at 1.10-2.06 GHz and First Observational Results

An improved Solar Radio Spectrometer working at 1.10-2.06 GHz with much improved spectral and temporal resolution, has been accomplished by the National Astronomical Observatories and Hebei Semiconductor Research Institute, based on an old spectrometer at 1-2 GHz. The new spectrometer has a spectral resolution of 4 MHz and a temporal resolution of 5ms, with an instantaneous detectable range from 0.02 to 10 times of the quiet Sun flux. It can measure both left and right circular polarization with an accuracy of 10% in degree of polarization. Some results of preliminary observations that could not be recorded by the old spectrometer at 1-2 GHz are presented.     

职住分离的空间差异性及其影响因素研究

制度转型与空间重构背景下,中国大城市的居住与就业空间关系发生明显变化,职住分离 现象逐渐凸显。尽管城市地理学者逐步关注转型期城市居住与就业空间关系的变化对居民通 勤行为的影响,然而深入探讨微观个体所承受的职住分离程度的差异性及其影响因素的实证研 究仍然缺乏。基于对北京城市520 户家庭、806 个通勤样本的问卷调查数据,本文借助多元回归 模型验证了居住区类型、家庭及住房状况、以及其他社会经济属性等居民职住分离程度差异性 的影响,从而折射城市转型过程中宏观制度性及结构性因素(如土地市场化改革、住房政策、单 位制度改革、城市空间扩展等) 对个体日常生活经历差异性的影响。     

三角网格模型剖分方法的研究与应用

数值波场正演在地震学和勘探地球物理学领域正得到越来越广泛的应用,用一个好的方法来建立一个复杂的地质模型则显得尤为关键。三角网格模型相对于层状模型和矩形网格模型在反映地质界面形态、三角网格剖分个数调节及射线追踪速度等方面具有明显优势。利用三角网格剖分的建模方法,在VC2008编程环境下实现了复杂地质模型的描述。通过对复杂模型的建模测试,表明采用三角网格剖分方法,可解决以下模型难题：①对复杂模型界面的描述;②对复杂逆断层的描述;③对封闭块体的描述;④对模型弹性参数进行描述。     

External calibrator in global signal experiment for detection of the epoch of reionization

We present a conceptual design study of external calibrators in the 21 cm experiment towards detecting the globally averaged radiation of the epoch of reionization(EoR). Employment of external calibrator instead of internal calibrator commonly used in current EoR experiments allows removing instrumental effects such as beam pattern, receiver gain and instability of the system if the conventional three-position switch measurements are implemented in a short time interval. Furthermore, in the new design the antenna system is placed in an underground anechoic chamber with an open/closing ceiling to maximally reduce the environmental effect such as RFI and ground radiation/reflection. It appears that three of the four external calibrators proposed in this paper, including two indoor artificial transmitters and one outdoor celestial radiation(the Galactic polarization), fail to meet our purpose. Diurnal motion of the Galactic diffuse emission turns out to be the most probable source as an external calibrator, for which we have discussed the observational strategy and the algorithm of extracting the EoR signal.     

基于马尔科夫链转移概率极限分布的降水过程持续性研究

各地不同气候条件所具有的天气状态转移概率的极限分布实际上代表了各地天气气候的持续性和转折性特征,同时也表明了它的可预报期限。从马尔科夫链理论出发,初步研究了中国160个代表测站逐日天气状态演变过程的极限分布。结果表明,转移概率的极限分布不但其空间分布有明显差异,而且不同季节的极限分布也有明显差异。例如,有的地区仅有2 d持续期,有的可达4—6 d或更长,充分反映出不同地区因其影响的天气系统差异所造成的逐日天气气候的持续性和转折性特征的差异。其研究意义在于,由此可作为天气气候分型区划的一种理论依据。统计分析结果表明,就全中国平均而言,夏季持续期最短,持续期由北向南、由西向东呈增加趋势,且春季平均降水持续期为5.1 d,夏季平均为5.0 d,秋季平均为6.5d,冬季平均为6.2 d。可见夏半年比冬半年的降水持续期短,这可能是因为春夏季的天气系统比较复杂且中小尺度天气系统较多的缘故。这从另一侧面再次证明,各地逐日降水天气状态演变过程具有一定的天气气候状态自然转折的持续性即自然天气周期的气候状况,从而为短期天气预报提供了气候背景。     

DEVELOPMENT OF DETENTION VOLUME MODEL FOR DETENTION PONDS WITH LONG-DURATION RAINFALL

The detention pond is one of the crucial items in detention facilities. It may effectively alleviate the occurrence of peak discharge, control the center of flood flow, and reduce the amount of soil loss. The objective of this study is analyzing the detention volume change of a detention pond with long-duration rainfall under the known isosceles trapezoidal inflow hydrograph model. The volume change of detention, which is under the influences of a givenisosceles trapezoidal inflow hydrograph and the extent of peak attenuation, is investigated by using the non-dimensional detention theory and the related mathematical analyses. The minimum detention volume of a detention pond can therefore be calculated based on the estimated of volume change of detention. The proposed detention volume estimation model can be used for the design of detention of facilities during the hillside development.     

基于GML/SVG的WebGIS体系结构设计与实现

随着Internet的飞速发展,WebGIS也进入了蓬勃发展的阶段,而制约WebGIS发展的问题也日益突出。本文针对WebGIS中存在的地理空间数据语义共享和网络带宽日益紧张的问题,引入了GML和SVG,在此基础上提出并论证的基于GML和SVG的WebGIS系统的方案和应用模式,并详析了实现该系统的体系结构和相关技术,最后给出了该系统的应用实例。     

太白山土壤特性及氧化铁发生学特征

随海拔的降低,秦岭北坡中山区森林土壤因温度、降水和植被类型的变化存在很大差异:高海拔地区发育的酸性湿润雏形土酸度较高,有机质含量十分丰富;与之相比,低海拔地区发育的简育湿润淋溶土有机质含量下降,但结构复杂,土壤具有粘化层。较高的有机质含量和特殊的有机质组成促进了纯针叶林土壤中硅酸盐矿物的溶解,释放出氧化铁并使之螯迁至土壤B层富集。环境因素决定了土壤酸度、有机质等特性,也影响土壤氧化铁的组成和分布。土壤粘粒含量与土体游离氧化铁含量显著相关,剖面铁的游离度与氧化铁全量无关,只与土壤发育程度有关。太白山北坡中山区土壤处于脱盐基富硅铝化的风化发育阶段