由CHAMP星载GPS相位双差数据解算地球引力场模型

利用7d的CHAMP星载GPS相位观测数据和48个IGS跟踪站的观测数据，构造星地双差相位观测量，进行GPS数据预处理；利用Cowell Ⅱ数值法进行轨道积分和分块Bayes最小二乘参数估计，解算了地球引力场位系数。该模型与EGM96相比（70阶次），大地水准面起伏差异最大为2．872m，差弄精度为0．522m，平均差异为-0．003m，这说明本文解算的地球重力场模型与EGM96没有系统性差异。     

四种重金属离子对侧扁软柳珊瑚的毒性及其摄食行为的影响

本实验通过48h的急性毒性测试,来了解重金属Cu2 、Zn2 、Cd2 、Pb2 的污染环境对侧扁软柳珊瑚(Subergorgiasuberosa)的影响程度,以认知重金属对海洋生物尤其是柳珊瑚所造成的伤害.实验的结果显示,Cu2 的半致死浓度约为0.13mg/dm3,Zn2 为8.69mg/dm3,而Cd2 为10.84mg/dm3,Pb2 为8.49mg/dm3;亦即Cu2 污染对侧扁软柳珊瑚毒性影响最大.另外,在实验的观察中也发现,受到伤害的珊瑚中常会刺激黏液的分泌,在较高的浓度下则会造成其共肉组织的溃烂致使整株珊瑚部分或整体的死亡.在摄食影响的研究方面,侧扁软柳珊瑚在Cu2 浓度分别为0.02、0.05mg/dm3的污染环境下捕食丰年虫(Chirocephalus)的行为与正常珊瑚间有明显差异(p<0.01),经过Cu2 污染环境后的珊瑚虫(polyp)常常不能有效地捕食到丰年虫,甚至捕食到丰年虫却不能将其顺利吞咽而造成丰年虫从其触手中逃逸.数据显示正常珊瑚虫捕食丰年虫的成功率平均达85.42%,而受0.02mg/dm3Cu2 影响的珊瑚虫则为57.58%,受0.05mg/dm3Cu2 影响的则仅为24.24%.     

台湾北部近岸海域柳珊瑚体内金属累积的研究

自台湾北部和平岛沿岸海域及淡水河出海口海域，采得软木软柳珊瑚(ubergorgia suberosa)、扁刺柳珊瑚(Echinogorgia complexa)、网刺柳珊瑚(Echinogorgia reticulata)和1未定种柳珊瑚等4种柳珊瑚目样品。检测体内18种金属含量。其中以Ca、Zn、Cu、Al、Fe及Mn含量较高．体长较长的珊瑚。体内金属累积量则相对较高，尤其以Cu及Zn的趋势最为明确。经统计分析。显示4种珊瑚体内金属含量彼此间无群组相关性存在，呈现多变、无规则性的分布。本研究与大堡礁及委内瑞拉附近海域同一目珊瑚(Gorgonacea)中相同金属分析值进行比较结果Cd、Pb及Ni含量彼此差异不大，但Cu的含量则以台湾北部珊瑚体内较高。     

决定大氣環流的基本因子

大氣環流一般理解為大氣准常定的平均狀態,也有理解為某一段時間內大氣中大型形勢的變化过程。其实,这兩种正是大氣環流一個問題的兩种表現,它們是密切的联系着,它們是一個整体。大氣環流顯然是一個錯綜複雜的問題。但自然界中現象的發生,必然存在一些客观的因子,探討其客观因子,对於大氣環流問題的認識与解决定有很大幫助的。本文所討論,就是对於决定大氣環流的因子提供一些具体意     

2011年日本东北地区太平洋近海地震对亚洲板块及韩国大地控制网的影响分析

本研究分析了2011年3月11日发生的M_w9.0日本东北地区太平洋近海地震对亚洲地区和韩国国内GPS卫星常年跟踪站的位移影响.为此,利用了日本东北地区太平洋近海地震发生前后两周(2011年3月4日到3月18日)的GPS站点数据,包括震中附近地区(韩国,中国,中国台湾地区,日本和俄罗斯)55个GPS卫星常年跟踪站和284个IGS 全球跟踪站,并采用GAMIT/GLOBK软件进行处理和平差,估算出所有GPS站点的同震形变.结果显示,日本东北地区太平洋近海地震引起的同震形变影响在亚洲地区比较明显,包括日本和附近国家,距离震中2702 km的中国武汉(WUHN)站也观测到同震形变.为精确分析日本东北地区太平洋近海地震对韩国国家大地控制网的影响,通过GAMIT/GLOBK软件计算出韩国GPS卫星常年跟踪站之间的基线长度变形,并分析出弹性变形量.结果表明:大部分GPS站点均向震中方向膨胀,且向震中的垂直方向收缩.由日本东北地区太平洋近海地震导致的最大剪应变达到韩国国家大地控制网年均变形率的约7倍,对韩国的地壳产生14.5~57.7 mm的水平位移,并导致韩国国家大地控制网产生弹性变形.因此,在不及时更新维护韩国国家大地控制网的情况下,GPS测量成果将会发生最大20 mm的位置误差.     

Integration of the nuclease protection assay with sandwich hybridization (NPA-SH) for sensitive detection of Heterocapsa triquetra

Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that function as primary producers in aquatic ecosystems. Some species of microalgae undergo rapid growth and cause harmful blooms in marine ecosystems. Heterocapsa triquetra is one of the most common bloom-forming species in estuarine and coastal waters worldwide. Although this species does not produce toxins, unlike some other Heterocapsa species, the high density of its blooms can cause significant ecological damage. We developed a H. triquetra species-specific nuclease protection assay sandwich hybridization (NPA-SH) probe that targets the large subunit of ribosomal RNA (LSU rRNA). We tested probe specificity and sensitivity with five other dinoflagellates that also cause red tides. Our assay detected H. triquetra at a concentration of 1.5×10⁴ cells/mL, more sensitive than required for a red-tide guidance warning by the Korea Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries in 2015 (3.0×10⁴ cells/mL). We also used the NPA-SH assay to monitor H. triquetra in the Tongyeong region of the southern sea area of Korea during 2014. This method could detect H. triquetra cells within 3 h. Our assay is useful for monitoring H. triquetra under field conditions.     

Review on Tidal Energy Technologies and Research Subjects

Tidal current power is one of the promising and reliable renewable energies with the advantage of continuous and predictable resource. It can make stable electricity regardless of weather conditions or seasons all year around. The required technologies for tidal current power in the ocean have been developed for years and now recognized that it could be commercialized after intensive field tests and successful demonstrations. There are several tidal farm development projects in the world, such as the MeyGen project in UK with its commercialization at hand. However, various research subjects in the tidal current energy field are seeking improvements and industrialization of tidal current power in terms of economy and technical reliability. This paper introduces the resource assessment procedure of tidal energy that has been applied in Korea coastal regions. The key research subjects for tidal current power together with the interaction effect of multi-arrangement is described. Also, this paper is to introduce the research output of each subject such as turbine design, experimental validation, turbine interaction and wake, multi-array module, FSI (fluid-structure interaction), and duct application.     

Derivation of regression coefficients for sea surface temperature retrieval over East Asia

Among the regression-based algorithms for deriving SST from satellite measurements, regionally optimized algorithms normally perform better than the corresponding global algorithm. In this paper,three algorithms are considered for SST retrieval over the East Asia region (15°-55°N, 105°-170°E),including the multi-channel algorithm (MCSST), the quadratic algorithm (QSST), and the Pathfinder algorithm (PFSST). All algorithms are derived and validated using collocated buoy and Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS-5) observations from 1997 to 2001. An important part of the derivation and validation of the algorithms is the quality control procedure for the buoy SST data and an improved cloud screening method for the satellite brightness temperature measurements. The regionally optimized MCSST algorithm shows an overall improvement over the global algorithm, removing the bias of about -0.13℃ and reducing the root-mean-square difference (rmsd) from 1.36℃ to 1.26℃. The QSST is only slightly better than the MCSST. For both algorithms, a seasonal dependence of the remaining error statistics is still evident. The Pathfinder approach for deriving a season-specific set of coefficients, one for August to October and one for the rest of the year, provides the smallest rmsd overall that is also stable over time.     

一个制作长期天气预报的前后相关图解方法

本文提出一个利用相关散布图制作长期天气预报的方法,试验结果指出准确率甚高.     

钢筋混凝土剪力墙扭转行为的试验研究

通过对4个1/2缩尺的钢筋混凝土剪力墙的静力加载试验,探讨了不同截面尺寸及配筋率对剪力墙抗扭强度、扭转变形、破坏形态及裂缝发展的影响.试验揭示了三种扭转破坏形态:少筋破坏、部分超筋破坏及超筋破坏.通过理论值与实验值的比较发现,斜弯理论(经PCA①验修正)能够很好的预测墙的开裂扭矩及开裂扭转角.另外,通过对试验所得的全变形曲线与软化桁架模型(Soflened Truss Model)的预测变形曲线进行比较,发现基于梁单元扭转机理的软化桁架模型可以较合理地预测墙的最大扭转值及对应的扭转角,但不能较好地模拟实验曲线中的下降段.