Development of cloud detection methods using CFH,GTS1, and RS80 radiosondes

The accuracies of three instruments in measuring atmospheric column humidity were assessed during an upper troposphere and lower stratosphere observation campaign conducted from 7 to 13 August 2009 in ...     

涡度相关仪倾斜订正方法的比较及应用

利用973暴雨项目2002年在安徽肥西观测的涡度相关资料,针对目前涡度相关法中存在的仪器倾斜误差问题,采用两种倾斜订正方法计算湍流参数并进行对比分析.结果表明,三次坐标轴旋转倾斜订正方法和平面拟合方法均可以对仪器倾斜引起的误差进行坐标旋转订正,有效剔除仪器倾斜引起的侧向应力的影响,以及仪彝倾斜时水平方向风速引起的虚假湍流通量,提高了湍流通量的计算精度.两种倾斜订正方法各有一定适用条倬,平面拟合方法优于三次坐标轴旋转倾斜订正方法.     

冷水碳酸盐岩研究现状与展望

长期以来,海相碳酸盐沉积物被广泛认为是温暖浅海沉积环境中的产物,然而近年来国外研究表明,在冷水陆架环境中,也可以形成规模的碳酸盐沉积,即冷水碳酸盐岩。通过对大量文献的调研,综述了冷水碳酸盐岩的概念、地质特征、沉积模式等方面的研究进展,并展望了该研究领域未来的发展方向。研究表明,冷水碳酸盐沉积是指在(古)纬度约30°~35°以上的温带及寒带地区、温度约20℃以下的沉积水体中,或是在富营养的寒冷上升流水体中形成的碳酸盐沉积物或岩石,其沉积特征与暖水碳酸盐岩不同。冷水碳酸盐沉积物中的生物颗粒组合以底栖有孔虫、软体动物、苔藓虫等异养生物和钙质红藻为主,缺乏造礁珊瑚和钙质绿藻以及鲕粒、集合颗粒等非骨架颗粒,而且沉积物中灰泥基质含量较少,矿物成分以方解石为主,氧同位素较重,胶结作用弱,以破坏性成岩作用为主。冷水碳酸盐沉积形态以缓坡为主,波浪磨蚀和再沉积作用较强。古代冷水碳酸盐岩的沉积特征、识别标志及其作为储层的油气资源潜力尚处于探索阶段,仍需进一步深入研究。     

V7版和V8版TOMS大气臭氧资料比较分析

目前使用的TOMS(Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer)大气臭氧资料大多为V7版本和V8版本,文章利用1978年11月至2001年12月的版本7和版本8算法反演得到的TOMS臭氧资料,比较分析了两个版本资料之间差异的时空分布特性。结果表明,TOMS公布的V8版本资料与V7版本资料虽然有较好的相关性,但是在数值上存在明显的时空分布差异,尤其在极区更为明显。     

非定常过程对大气边界层的内参数与风廓线的影响(二)

本文用大气边界层运动方程的数值积分研究了当边界层顶风向不变但风速变化时对大气边界层的内参数u_*/A(u_*为摩擦速度,A为上界风速)和α角(地面风与上界风向的交角)的影响。设上界处风速随时间指数增加及减少,最后趋于定常。在大气正、斜压时,u_*/A及α角的时间变化均是振幅衰减的振荡,最后趋于定常时相应的值。在时间变化过程中的任一时刻,内参数值与当上界条件取该时刻上界风时的定常解结果有一定的差别,严格说,定常时的内参数值并不能直接用于当上界风非定常时。本文还考虑了上界风速非定常对风廓线的影响。     

The Cretaceous volcanic succession around the Songliao Basin,NE China: relationship between volcanism and sedimentation

With volume ratio of 8:1:1.5 amongst acidic, intermediate and basaltic rocks, the Cretaceous volcanics around the Songliao Basin are a series of high‐K or medium‐K, peraluminous or metaluminous, calc‐alkaline rocks, lacking typical basalts and peralkaline members of typical rift‐related types. Their eruption ages range between 133 and 127 Ma, 124 and 122 Ma and 117 and 113 Ma respectively. They are high in total (Rare earth element) REE contents (96.1–326 ppm), enriched in LREE and depleted in HREE (LREE/HREE = 4.6–13.8), with negative Eu and Ce anomalies (Eu/Eu* = 0.04–0.88; Ce/Ce* = 0.60–0.97). They have enriched large‐ion lithophile elements (e.g. K, Ba, Th) and depleted high field strength elements (e.g. Nb, Ti and Y), suggesting a subduction‐related tectonic setting. The volcanic activities migrated from south to north, forming a successively northward‐stepping volcanic series and showing a feature significantly different from the overlying sedimentary sequence striking northeast. Thus, an overlap basin model was proposed. Accompanied by opening of the basin, the volcanogenic succession was formed at the block‐faulting stage (131–113 Ma) owing to the closure of the Mongolia–Okhotsk ocean in the Jurassic and early Cretaceous, while the overlying sedimentary sequence was unconformably deposited at the spreading stage (Albian–Maastrichtian) owing to the oblique subduction of the Pacific plate under the Eurasian plate. The volcanic succession constitutes the lower unit of basin filling and is the forerunner of further basin spreading. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.