Delaunay三角剖分算法在地震烈度速报中的应用——以天津市强震台网为例

利用计算图形学中的Delaunay三角剖分算法及其对偶结构的Voronoi图算法,构建天津市强震台网的Delaunay三角网及Voronoi图.结果表明,Voronoi图可以较直观地显示台网的布局疏密,并为等震曲线绘制的合理性提供判断依据.     

基于Oracle数据库的电磁扰动数据转换

为提供丰富的观测数据产品,编制基于Oracle数据库的电磁扰动产品数据计算软件.本软件能够将秒采样观测数据转换为分钟值、小时值、日均值数据,为应用人员提供丰富的研究数据.     

贵州一次严重冰冻雨雪过程环境场分析

2008年1月10日至2月2日,我国南方发生了大范围的持续冰雪灾害,贵州是受灾最严重的省份之一。通过对高度场、温度、降水量、流场、涡度等要素场的分析,重点探讨此次极端气象事件对贵州影响最明显的第3次过程,以及形成严重冰冻雨雪天气和温度异常偏低的主要环流特征。结果表明,在强拉尼娜的背景下,稳定在乌拉尔山以东的阻塞高压持续存在、极涡异常偏强偏东、西太平洋副高偏西偏强、南支槽较常年活跃等,是造成这次过程的主要原因。主要特征是850 hPa以下出现温度低于0℃的冷空气层,在700 hPa附近是相对较暖的气层,其上层是较冷的冰晶层,西南低空急流及槽前正的相对涡度平流明显,急流带来的暖湿平流提供了充足的水汽,并保证了融化层中源源不断的热量供应,上下层涡度平流的差异有利于上升运动的发展,为贵州第3次雨雪过程的发生提供了条件。     

PTB220气压传感器模拟量调整方法

通过对PTB220气压传感器工作原理的分析与研究,利用超级终端技术、Keithley 2000数字多用表、线性方程,实现了超差气压传感器模拟量的调整,并解决了数字量调整影响模拟量输出的问题。从而避免了自动站采集器通道误差影响校准精度,保证自动站气压观测数据的准确性,进一步完善了超差气压传感器调整方法。     

Acquisition of directional parametes in aerial images based on DEM data

This paper develops a method which can be used to assist aerial navigation by determining the spatial position and posture of the aerial photographic plane. After the method, aerial images match known DEM to capture the spatial position and posture. Some aerial images and terrain data are used to testify our method. Compared with those of analytic and stereo mappers, the results by our method are correspondent to real measurements well.     

Spatial Approaches to Modeling Dispersion of Communicable Diseases – A Review

The dispersion of communicable diseases in a population is intrinsically spatial. In the last several decades, a range of spatial approaches has been devised to model epidemiological processes; and they differ significantly from each other. A review of spatially oriented epidemiological models is necessary to assess advances in spatial approaches to modeling disease dispersion and to help identify those most appropriate for specific research goals. The most notable difference in the design of these spatially oriented models is the scale and mobility of the modeling unit. Using two criteria, this review identifies six types of spatially oriented models. These include: (1) population‐based wave models, (2) sub‐population models, (3) individual‐based cellular automata models, (4) mobile sub‐population models, (5) individual‐based spatially implicit models, and (6) individual‐based mobile models. Each model type is evaluated in terms of its design principles, assumptions, and intended applications. For the evaluation of design, four aspects of design principles are discussed: the modeling unit, the interaction between the modeling units, the spatial process, and the temporal process utilized in a design. Insights gained from this review can be useful for devising much‐needed spatially and temporally oriented strategies to forecast, prevent, and control communicable diseases.     

Object-oriented representation for modelling mobile objects in an aquatic environment

This paper evaluates the representational nature (as opposed to technical merits) of object-orientation, particularly its strengths and weaknesses, in the context of modelling mobile objects. The evaluation is important amidst the development of object-oriented GIS given that the object-orientation paradigm is not grounded in spatial disciplines. The discussion is illustrated by a case study that uses an object-oriented GIS framework to model the individual fish movement and growth in a heterogeneous aquatic environment.     

0 Short-term Climate Characteristics at Ny-Alesund over the Arctic Tundra Area

Based on the Germany Koldwey Station＇s 1994-2003 conventional observation hourly data, this paper conducts a statistical analysis on the short-term climate characteristics for an arctic tundra region （Ny-Alesund island） where our first arctic expedition station （Huanghe Station） was located. Affected by the North Atlantic warming current, this area has a humid temperate climate, and the air temperature at Ny-Alesund rose above 0 ℃ even during deep winter season during our research period. The wind speed in this area was low and appeared most at southeast direction. We find that the temperature at Ny-Alesund rose in the faster rate （0.68℃/10 a） than those at the whole Arctic area. Compared with the floating ices where our expedition conducted in the Arctic, Ny-Alesund was warmer and more humid and had lower wind speed. Comparison Of the near surface air temperature derived by NCEP/NCAR reanalysis to the conventional measurements conducted at the Koldwey site in Ny-Alesund area shows a good agreement for winter season and a slgnificant difference for summer season.     

InSAR技术现状与应用

合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)是近期发展起来的一种新型空间对地观测技术。经相干处理，它把合成孔径雷达(SAR)产生的单视复数图像中的相位信息提取出来，给出目标点的三维信息。由于SAR具有全天候、全天时和对某些地物有一定穿透性等特点，使InSAR技术的潜在应用领域相当广泛，目前已经成为地学界相关研究的热点之一。介绍了SAR和InSAR的基本原理与发展概况，分析了InSAR测量模式的测高精度，着重讨论了InSAR技术的应用及其与天文地球动力学研究的相互促进关系。