钻井液技术展望

介绍了水基钻井液,油基钻井液和合成基钻井液的特点及发展趋势。     

湖泊环境科学钻探施工技术

针对内蒙古岱涨的施工条件和湖底沉积物的类型,对湖泊环境科学钻探技术进行了讨论,从钻探取心角度,将岱海沉积物分为４种有代表性的地层;提出了每种地层中可能遇到的技术问题对使用的取心钻具的效果进行了评价,并提出了合理化改进意见,总结了湖泊钻进工艺方法;给出了简易钻探平台的拼装方式和主要钻探设备的性能;探讨了湖泊钻探的发展前景和进一步工作计划。     

岩石多次全过程压入硬度的测试试验

介绍了在ＭＴＳ８１５型岩石力学试验机上配置专用夹具和平底圆柱压模后成功地进行岩石表面多次全过程压入破碎试验的情况,分析了这种试验方法与传统的单次压入硬度测试法相比在反映岩石破碎过程特征、表征岩石压入硬度方面所具有的优点。最后邮进一步研究应解决的几个问题。     

云南地区水氡前兆异常动态演化与地震关系研究

本研究系统地处理了１９８７年至１９９７年云南地区２３个水氡观测点的水氡观测数据 突出短临异常,寻找水氡短临预报指标,数据处理方法采用日均值一阶差分法,使用差分平稳序列的３倍均方差作为异常判据。得到了云南地区水氡日差分异常台项月本底值为４台项,水氡日差人异异常数月本底值７次,明确提出了预报３个月内云南地区５级以上地震的短临预报指标,给出了其对应地震关系,其中对应率和概括率均为７０％左右。同时全面地统     

数字地震台操作分析工具一DIMAS软件包简介

ＤＩＭＡＳ（Ｄｉｓｐｌａｙ,　Ｉｎｔｅｒａｃｔｉｖｅ　 Ｍａｎｉｐｕｌａｔｉｏｎ　ａｎｄ　Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ ｏｆ Ｓｅｉｓｍｏｇｒａｍｓ－“地震图 的显示和交互式操作与分析”）软件包是ｉｒｉｓ ＧＳＮ 台站所使用的数字地震分析应用软件． 同时它也适合我国部分数字台站（如ＮＣＤＳＮ）的日常分析工作,如波形放大与缩小、震相 拾取、震级计算、方位角计算、计算震中和震源深度以及发震时刻等;还可以做一些进一 步的分析处理工作,如波谱分析、滤波、分量旋转、质点运动分析以及仿真模拟地震图． 由于它是交互式菜单操作,所以有用户界面良好,易学易用,适合台站操作人员使用的特 点     

Triassic alkaline intrusives in the Yanliao-Yinshan area: their chronology, Sr, Nd and Pb isotopic characteristics and their implication

Dated isotopic ages for 15 alkaline intrusives in the Yanliao-Yinshan area, ranging from 268 to 190 Ma, ten of which are from 250 to 208 Ma, indicate that most of them were formed in the Triassic Epoch. All the E_Nd(t) ratios from - 17.19 to -3.21 averaging -7.09, the E_Sr(t) ratios fmm 11.7 to71.5 averaging 36.63, and the I_sr(t) ratios from 0.705 0 to 0.709 3 averaging 0.706 8, show their characteristics of enrichment. On the E_Nd (t) virus E_Sr(t) correlation diagram, the samples from these intmsives were plotted within the enriched mantle trend lines and just outside, demonstrating their close connection to materials from the enriched mantle reservoir, taking into account the same Pb isotopic composition as that of the mantle.     

Nonlinear analysis for the coupled problem of temperature and seepage fields in cold regions tunnels

The govrrning differential equations of the coupled problem of temperature and seepage fields with phase change are first derived from the theory of heat transfer and the theory of seepage. The finite element formulae of this problem are obtained from Galerkin’ s method. And considering the seepage influence, an illustrative example of the temperature field in a cold-region tunnel is provided. The example shows that the influence of seepage on the frozen depth of the tunnel is very great, and thus the effect of the seepage factor should be taken into account in the engineering design     

Constitutive theories on viscoelastoplasticity and damage of frozen soil

The constitutive theory on the viscoelastoplasticity and damage of frozen soil is based on the continuous mechanics and thermodynamics. The basic principles of the theory, dissipation potential function and damage model are presented. The constitutive theory explains the mechanical properties of frozen soils under complicated stresses, especially under high confining pressures which make frozen soil harden and soften. The agreement between the calculated results by the constitutive theory and the experimental results of triaxial creep of frozen soil is seen to be very good.     

地震体波成像中的几个问题

本文在论述地震体波成像中速度模型间断面的引入,体波多震相的利用等优越性的同时,利用研究区之处,能改善或分辨地球内部更深处的远震资料,得到研究区平均相对走时残差的分布。结果表明：１．采用相对走时残差消除了模型区域外的地球模型的影响,从而使 远震理论走时计算中,球状分层各向同性参考地球模型的选取是不重要的;２．平均相对走时残差的分布与研究区内构造分区相关;３．研究区中地球形状的椭率对反演结果影响很小。     

青藏高原库地北岩体地球化学特征及其地球动力学机制

本文研究了位于青藏高原西北缘的库北岩体的地质,地球化学特征。研究表明,该岩体形成于奥陶纪末至泥盆纪初,由早期的二长花岗岩和晚期和花岗岩组成,成分上富碱,富Ｋ、Ｔｈ、ＲＥＥ、Ｎｂ、Ｚｒ、Ｙ,贫Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｂａ、Ｓｒ、Ｓｃ、Ｖ、Ｎｉ具有Ａ型花岗岩的特点,它形成于造山晚期相对稳定的拉张环境,是大洋板片脱过程中侵位的,由早先随大洋板块消减下沉的洋壳沉积物先后部分熔融而形成,。本次研究为地壳物质再循环至地壳