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51.
M. Mejías J. Garcia-Orellana J. L. Plata M. Marina E. Garcia-Solsona B. Ballesteros P. Masqué J. López C. Fernández-Arrojo 《Environmental Geology》2008,54(3):521-536
A methodology for the characterization of deep carbonate aquifers has been developed and applied to El Maestrazgo Jurassic
aquifer in Castellón, Spain. Characterization of these aquifer formations, located at more than 300 m deep, consisted of a
previous phase of compilation, analysis and synthesis of the existing information about the area, followed by a coordinated
combination of different speciality studies: geology, stratigraphy, structural analysis, hydrogeology, hydrochemistry, geophysics
and remote sensing. Geological studies included geological mapping, definition of stratigraphical units and facies and structural
analysis. The aim of the hydrogeology study was to define aquifer formations, recharge area, aquifer points inventory and
groundwater flow directions for the establishment of piezometric and water quality observation nets. Special techniques were
applied, like thermal infrared aerial images and the evaluation of submarine groundwater discharge by means of natural radium
isotopes. Hydrochemical techniques, including majority elements characterization and stable isotopes (18O, 2H and 3H) determination, allowed classifying hydrochemical facies and establishing a renewal pattern for water within the system.
Geophysics was useful in determining the aquifer geometry, the features of the basement and the petrophysical characteristics
of the geological formations. Preliminary results show an important tectonic complexity and the possibilities for groundwater
uses in the area of study. 相似文献
52.
53.
Summary The process of radon diffusion in space and time through rocks is treated in detail from the point of view of radiometric prospecting for oil. Taking into account the depth and diffusivity conditions encountered in nature it is stated that vertical radon diffusion reaching from the oil deposits up to the surface cannot be expected. Time intervals as required for setting in of a stationary concentration state and decay conditions of the radon lead to the conclusion that the penetration of emanometric measurements seldom exceeds the depth of 5–10 m. 相似文献
54.
A. Tárczy-Hornoch 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1962,52(1):53-58
Zusammenfassung Es werden mit Hilfe der sphärischen Trigonometrie und der Ausgleichsrechnung Methoden angegeben, die die Berechnung der bestanschmiegenden Ebene an eine Anzahl von Geraden mit einem gemeinsamen Punkt ermöglichen.
Summary With the aid of the spherical trigonometry and the adjustment, methods are given to determin the best-fitting plane for a given set of directions through a common point.相似文献
55.
56.
Antonín Papež 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1964,8(2):200-204
Резюме Дабление воздуха, переснитанное иа уровень моря по стандартной атмосфере в Q-коде обозчачается через QNH. Давление воздуха
пересчитанное на уровень моря по высотной барометрической формуле обознаеается через QFF. Для целей авиационной службы погоды
должны быть известны значения QNH, однако Зе барическое поле на синоптических картах выражается через QFF. С помощью рис.
1 для соответствующей температуры воздуха на станцин и ее высоты н. у. м. можно определить разность значений QFF—QNH при давленин
QFF=1000мб. Далее по табл. 2 можно определить поправку для каждого значения QFF отличного от значения QFF при ином давлении, чем 1000мб путем умножения табулированного значения ва разность QFF—1000мб и его алгебраического сложения со значением, полученным по рис. 1.
相似文献
57.
Резюме С помощью принятия простых кинематических предположений и на основании ω—уравнения выла определена конфигурация полос облаков
в полностью окклюдированном циклоне без фронтов. Облачная система определяется полем скрытой теплоты, выделяемой в процессах
конденсации. Полосы облаков теоретически представляют собой в основном листы синусоидальной спирали.
Address: Boční II, Praha 4-Spořilov. 相似文献
Address: Boční II, Praha 4-Spořilov. 相似文献
58.
Jesús M. Mercado Teodoro Ramírez Dolores Corts Marta Sebastin Andreas Reul Begoa Bautista 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2006,69(3-4):459
The changes in the phytoplankton absorption properties during a diurnal cycle were investigated at one station located in the north-western area of the Alborán Sea. The experiment was performed in spring when the water column was strongly stratified. This hydrological situation permitted the establishment of a deep chlorophyll a (chl a) fluorescence maximum (DFM) which was located on average close to the lower limit of the mixed layer and the nutricline. The relative abundance of pico-phytoplankton (estimated as its contribution to the total chl a) was higher in the surface, however, micro-phytoplankton dominated the community at the DFM level. Chl a specific absorption coefficient (a*(λ)) also varied with optical depth, with a* (the spectrally average specific absorption coefficient) decreasing by 30% at the DFM depth with respect to the surface. A significant negative correlation between the contribution of the micro-phytoplankton to the total chl a and a* was obtained indicating that a* reduction was due to changes in the packaging effect. Below the euphotic layer, a* increased three-fold with respect to the DFM, which agrees with the expected accumulation of accessory pigments relative to chl a as an acclimation response to the low available irradiance. The most conspicuous change during the diurnal cycle was produced in the euphotic layer where the chl a concentration decreased significantly in the afternoon (from a mean concentration of 1.1 μg L−1 to 0.7 μg L−1) and increased at dusk when it averaged 1.4 μg L−1. In addition, a* and the blue-to-red absorption band ratio increased in the afternoon. These results suggest that a*(λ) diurnal variability was due to increase in photo-protective and accessory pigments relative to chl a. The variation ranges of a*(λ) at 675 and 440 nm (the absorption peaks in the red and blue spectral bands, respectively) in the euphotic layer were 0.01–0.04 and 0.02–0.10 m2 mg−1 chl a, respectively. Approximately 30% out of this variability can be attributed to the diurnal cycle. This factor should therefore be taken into account in refining primary production models based on phytoplankton light absorption. 相似文献
59.
P. Cobo C. Ranz A. Fernández M. Cuesta D.K. Anthony M. Siguero 《Marine Geophysical Researches》2005,26(2-4):87-95
Vertical resolution is of fundamental importance in sonar exploration and is directly related to the duration of the acoustic
pulse generated by the transducer. The shorter the radiated pulse, the higher the vertical resolution. Many sub-bottom profiling
sonar systems use piezoelectric transducers because they are reversible and well understood. Piezoelectric projectors are
normally resonant transducers, which are intrinsically narrowband. A piezoelectric transducer is usually driven by a tone-burst.
However, it is possible to use Fourier techniques to find a pre-compensated electrical driving function so that the transducer
radiates a prescribed wider band acoustic waveform. This technique can be applied to synthesize zero-phase cosine-magnitude,
Gaussian, and bionic pulses, with a conventional sandwich transducer. Zero-phase cosine-magnitude waveforms provide minimum
length pulses (and therefore maximum resolution) within a prescribed frequency band.The aim of this paper is to illustrate
the synthesis of wideband acoustic pulses using an underwater piezoelectric projector. The conventional acoustic waveform
radiated when a Tonpiltz transducer is transiently excited using a “click” and allows its frequency response function to be
measured. This function is used to design the electrical signal which then drives the transducer so that it radiates the shortest
pulse compatible with its mechanical response. The significant resolution enhancement of the waveform shaping process is illustrated
by its application to a sediment wedge model. 相似文献
60.
Periáñez R 《Marine environmental research》2005,60(1):35-49
The presence and temporal evolution (1990-2001) of (226)Ra in a tidal estuary affected by the phosphate industry has been investigated. Water samples collected in the course of four separate sampling campaigns were analysed for (226)Ra content using a gas flow proportional counter following Ba coprecipitation. Two (226)Ra sources have been identified: direct discharges from the industrial complex and run-off from a phosphogypsum pile. Although activity levels are similar, or even higher, than those found in other environments affected by the phosphate industry, there has been a general decrease in contamination since direct discharges ceased in 1998 due to new regulations from the EU. However, sediments are now acting as a source of Ra to the water column due to redissolution processes. A numerical model of the estuary has been developed to describe quantitatively the experimental results. The model solves the hydrodynamics and the dispersion equation of (226)Ra including interactions with sediments. Model results are, in general, in good agreement with observations. 相似文献