The August 27, 2014, rock avalanche and related impulse water waves in Fuquan,Guizhou, China

At about 8:30 p.m. on 27 August 2014, a catastrophic rock avalanche suddenly occurred in Fuquan, Yunnan, southwestern China. This landslide and related impulse water waves destroyed two villages and killed 23 persons. The impulse waves occurred after initiation of the landslide, caused by the main part of the slide mass rapidly plunging into a water-filled quarry below the source area. The wave, comprising muddy water and rock debris, impacted the opposite slope of the quarry on the western side of the runout path and washed away three homes in Xinwan village. Part of the displaced material traveled a horizontal distance of about 40 m from its source and destroyed the village of Xiaoba. To provide information for potential landslide hazard zonation in this area, a combined landslide–wave simulation was undertaken. A dynamic landslide analysis (DAN-W) model is used to simulate the landslide propagation before entering the quarry, while Fluent (Ansys Inc., USA) is used to simulate the impulse wave generation and propagation. Output data from the DAN-W simulation are used as input parameters for wave modeling, and there is good agreement between the observed and simulated results of the landslide propagation. Notably, the locations affected by recordable waves according to the simulation correspond to those recorded by field investigation.     

西北区域气象计量实验室综合能力比对结果分析

分析评价西北区域参加实验室比对的试验结果,及时发现问题并进行纠正,总结实施实验间比对工作的经验,提高实验室检定/校准能力和质量管理水平。参加比对的计量检定实验室分别对气压、温度、湿度、风速比对样品进行比对试验,用归一化偏差(En)进行统计分析。2011年西北区域气象计量检定的温度、湿度、气压实验室比对结果为满意,风速实验室比对结果为较满意。该次比对的实验数据客观、真实、可信,是对各参加比对实验室检定/校准能力的综合评价,较为客观地反映了各技术机构检定装置的测量能力、检定人员的技术水平以及西北区域气象计量标准装置的现状。     

Karyological analysis of the sea cicada Blepharipoda liberate Shen from the Rizhao intertidal zone,China

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Blepharipoda liberate Shen is a commercially valuable seafood species that has important ecological significance in Shandong Province, China. Although B....     

鄂霍次克海南部晚第四纪的古海洋学记录

鄂霍次克海是太平洋第二大边缘海,在西北太平洋水文环境中扮演重要角色。综合分析了鄂霍次克海南部T00孔沉积物的多种替代性指标,揭示了鄂霍次克海晚第四纪以来的环境变化受季节性海冰变化、大气循环模式、陆源物质通量和表层生产力的共同影响。对比放射虫Cycladophora davisiana的含量曲线与LR04氧同位素记录,该孔沉积物可划分为氧同位素1-7期,底部年龄约为250ka。C.davisiana在间冰期的高含量表明鄂霍次克海中层水是北太平洋中层水的主要源区。蛋白石和有机碳的分析显示鄂霍次克海表层生产力在冰消期突然增大,随后在间冰期逐渐下降,冰期普遍较低。C/N比值曲线的分析说明鄂霍次克海的有机质沉积物主要来源于海洋。沉积物粒度的分析揭示鄂霍次克海冰期时陆源粗颗粒含量较低,至冰消期粗颗粒含量突然增加,而在间冰期陆源粗颗粒含量较高。     

Distribution of general aerobic heterotrophic bacteria in sediment core taken from the Canadian basin and the Chukchi Sea

The occurrence percentage and abundance of General Aerobic Hetero- trophic Bacteria （GAB） were determined by using the method of MPN for 182 sub- samples from 10 sediment cores taken from the Canadian basin and the Chukchi Sea at two different culturing temperatures. The results showed that the general occurrence percentage of GAB was quite high, average abundanees of GAB at cultured temperatares of 4℃ and 25℃ were 4.46 ×10^7 and 5.47×10^7 cells·g^-1（wt）, respectively. The highest abundance of GAB occurred at 20 -22 cm section in the sediment. GAB abundances changed among the section of sediments, but there is a trend ： the a-bundances at the middle or lower sections were lower than those at upper section. Cultivation at 25℃ could improve the occurrence percentage and abundances of GAB, which suggests that the increasing of temperature may change the living circum-stances of GAB. The differences of GAB among the latitudes areas indicated that occurrence percentage and abundances of GAB in middle latitude areas were higher than those in the higher or lower latitude areas, and were more obvious at 4℃ than those at 25℃. The GAB abundances in sediment under the shallower water seemed to be low- er than those in sediments under the deeper water and this status was more obvious at 25℃ than that at 4℃.     

楚科奇海和加拿大海盆表层沉积物中好气异养细菌的地理分布

本文用MPN法测定楚科奇海和加拿大海盆表层沉积物中好气异养细菌(GAB)的含量,并对其地理学分布进行分析。结果表明,研究区GAB的检出率高达100%。4℃时GAB的含量范围、平均含量为4.00×102-2.40×106个.g-1、1.71×106个.g-1。25℃时GAB的含量范围、平均含量为2.40×105-2.40×107个.g-1、1.10×107个.g-1。无论是含量范围,还是平均含量,均是25℃时的培养结果大于4℃时的培养结果。GAB含量的地理分布趋势是随纬度增高,含量呈降低趋势。在经度变化上则为由东向西,含量呈降低趋势。对沉积物所处水深的分析,表明其在4℃培养得出来的GAB含量随水深增加有下降的趋势,25℃培养出来的GAB含量受环境影响较小,与水深变化关系不明显。     

广州白云山常绿阔叶林的结构特征

在线路调查和样方调查的基础上分析了广州白云山常绿阔叶林的结构特征.群落主要由亚热带科属组成,优势科为芸香科、五加科、茜草科、山茶科、壳斗科、鼠刺科、樟科等.优势树种也以相应的优势科属树种为主.群落中胸径≥3cm的个体密度较小,只有1964株/hm2;群落较为低矮,平均高度只有6m;乔木垂直分化不明显,树种水平分布不均.白云山的植被是次生植被和人工造林改造的结果,只在山谷少数植被没受人类干扰.其现状植被是天然次生植被和人工植被的混合体.在一些由马尾松发展起来的群落,天然侵入的阔叶树种已在主要层中居优势;群落中可见马尾松衰退的痕迹.     

地质环境生态适宜性评价指标体系研究

科学合理地进行地质环境生态适宜性评价是正确处理地质资源开发利用－生态环境保护之间关系、实施可持续发展的前提。在阐述了地质环境生态适宜性评价的内涵及其评价步骤的基础上，研究了地质环境的生态适宜性评价指标体系确定原理与方法，并以河西走廊地区为例进行了具体应用，提出了可供借鉴的地质环境生态适宜性评价指标体系，并探讨了有待研究的评价标准、现状评价和预测评价、评价方法等问题。     

模糊信息处理法在地震预报中的应用

在详细介绍模糊信息分配原理的基础上,结合模糊近似推论及信息集中原理,以地电手段为例,将模糊信息处理法应用于地震的三要素预报,取得了良好的结果。实践证明这种新方法在地震预报的各种手段中均有推广价值,方法本身具有客观、自完善功能,并可用于其它领域的模糊关系处理上。     

山区资源开发的互补转换理论

通过从结构与功能上对山区资源进行重新分类及相对优劣势分析,提出了合理开发山区资源的“山区资源开发互补转换理论”.