岬湾海岸中人工岛建设对岬角涡旋及海湾地形冲淤的影响——以海南岛铺前湾为例

岬湾海岸中一般在岬角的右侧与左侧（面向大海方向）分别发育顺时针与逆时针涡流。这些涡流的存在对泥沙输运、海底地形演变、污染物扩散等都具有重要影响。而在海洋中岛屿的存在将产生局部的岛后尾流。如岛屿与岬角距离较近,岛后尾流可能与岬角涡旋相互作用,反之则相互影响较小。本文以海南岛铺前湾为例,研究在岬湾海岸中湾口处的人工岛建设对湾内涡旋的影响,并进一步分析人工岛建设对整个海湾海底冲淤变化的效应。本项研究主要采用COAWST模型进行研究。结果表明,大潮期在海湾内发育大范围的顺时针涡旋,小潮期涡旋发育不明显,以东向余流为主。人工岛建设并未影响整个海湾的涡旋结构,但人工岛分隔了湾内顺时针涡旋,且在周围产生局部的逆时针与顺时针涡旋。海底冲淤变化的基本格局为湾内以淤积为主,人工岛建设加强了这种趋势,但在人工岛与岸线之间的狭窄通道内,海底出现冲刷。本项研究对岬湾海岸的科学开发管理具有一定意义。     

Assessment of code bias variations of BDS triple-frequency signals and their impacts on ambiguity resolution for long baselines

GPS Solutions - Carrier phase ambiguity resolution over long baselines is challenging in BDS data processing. This is partially due to the variations of the hardware biases in BDS code signals and...     

河南省许昌市矿山地质环境问题分区评价研究

以斜坡单元作为评价单元, 通过建立区域地质环境背景、资源损毁和地质灾害3要素评价指标体系, 对各评价指标进行量化, 赋予权重, 利用GIS图层叠加分析, 对许昌市矿山地质环境进行分区评价. 分区结果与现状调查结果较为一致, 验证了此方法的实用性, 为规划与治理该地区矿山环境地质问题提供参考依据.     

U-Pb, Hf and O isotope evidence for two episodes of fluid-assisted zircon growth in marble-hosted eclogites from the Dabie orogen

A combined study of internal structure, U-Pb age, and Hf and O isotopes was carried out for metamorphic zircons from ultrahigh-pressure eclogite boudins enclosed in marbles from the Dabie orogen in China. CL imaging identifies two types of zircon that are metamorphically new growth and recrystallized domain, respectively. The metamorphic zircons have low Th and U contents with low Th/U ratios, yielding two groups of ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age at 245 ± 3 to 240 ± 2 Ma and 226 ± 4 to 223 ± 2 Ma, respectively. Anomalously high δ¹⁸O values were obtained for refractory minerals, with 9.9 to 21.4‰ for garnet and 16.9‰ for zircon. This indicates that eclogite protolith is sedimentary rocks capable of liberating aqueous fluid for zircon growth during continental subduction-zone metamorphism. Most of the zircons are characterized by very low ¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf ratios of 0.000001-0.000028, indicating their growth in association with garnet recrystallization. A few of them falling within the older age group have comparatively high ¹⁷⁶Lu/¹⁷⁷Hf ratios of 0.000192-0.000383, suggesting their growth prior to the formation of garnet in the late stage of subduction. The variations in the Lu/Hf ratios for zircons can thus be used to correlate with garnet growth during eclogite-facies metamorphism. In either case, the zircons have variable ε_Hf (t) values for individual samples, suggesting that their protolith is heterogeneous in Hf isotope composition with localized fluid availability in the bulk processes of orogenic cycle. Nevertheless, a positive correlation exists between ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages and Lu-Hf isotope ratios for the metamorphically recrystallized zircons, suggesting that eclogite-facies metamorphism in the presence of fluid has the identical effect on zircon Lu-Hf and U-Th-Pb isotopic systems. We conclude that the zircons of the older group grew in the presence of fluid during the subduction prior to the onset of peak ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism, whereas the younger zircons grew in the presence of fluid released during the initial exhumation toward high-pressure eclogite-facies regime.     

Characterizing uncertainty in geotechnical design of energy piles based on Bayesian theorem

It is known that a lot of uncertainties are involved in geotechnical design of energy piles. In this paper, a Bayesian updating framework is presented to characterize those uncertainties. The load-transfer model is developed to predict the thermomechanical response of energy piles. Considering the cross-case variability of the uncertainty in the axial strains of pile, the global model bias is firstly calibrated by establishing a comprehensive database consisting of 12 energy pile cases. Furthermore, the uncertainty in input parameters is considered in the Bayesian updating of model bias in a specific case. The variability of the uncertain parameters is effectively reduced after updating. The coefficient of variation of prediction is decreased from 0.34 to 0.13. The present framework can well quantify uncertain factors and improve the accuracy and reliability of the prediction model.

     

藏北安多—巴青地区侏罗纪含礁层系岩相及沉积环境

根据岩性及其组合特征,本文将西藏北部安多—巴青地区侏罗纪含礁地层划分为流水成因的颗粒岩岩相、流水成因的碎屑岩岩相、复成因的泥晶—泥质灰岩岩相、生物及生物化学成因的障积岩岩相、生物及生物化学成因的粘结—障积岩岩相和生物及生物化学成因的骨架岩岩相等6大类型,计16种岩相。它们构成了潮坪相组合、台地浅滩相组合、开阔台地相组合和台地生物礁相组合共4种岩相组合,并由下而上有规律地形成2种岩相序列,即陆源碎屑与碳酸盐混合台地相序列和碳酸盐台地相序列。     

Determination of the thicknesses of oil films in micro- and nano-pores in tight oil sands: an example from the southern Songliao Basin,NE China

An experimental method of field-emission environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) coupled with the energy dispersive spectrum (EDS) to determine the thickness of oil films in the micro- and nano-pores of tight oil sands was proposed to overcome the limitations of current methods. First, we got the data of the detection range volumes, elemental mass percentages, and elemental atomic percentages using the EDS, and then calculated the volumes of oil films in the detection range according to the elemental mass percentages and the elemental atomic percentages of carbon. After that, we calculated the surface areas of oil films using the pore size data (lengths, widths, and depths) detected by ESEM. The thicknesses of oil films in the pores equaled the volumes divided by the surface areas. An analysis of tight oil samples from the Quan 4 Segment of in the southern Songliao Basin, NE China confirmed that the oil in the micro- and nano-pores had two main forms: oil films and oil droplets. The thicknesses of the oil films ranged from about 400 nm to 2 μm, while the thicknesses of the oil droplets ranged from about 200 to 700 nm.     

安徽东至华龙洞古人类遗址2014~2016年出土的石制品

安徽东至华龙洞遗址发现于2006年,因出土丰富的直立人化石、大量动物化石和石制品而备受学术界关注。本文对2014年至2016年在洞口外发掘出土的54件石制品进行报道,意在揭示直立人在该遗址生存的技术特点和适应行为。华龙洞发育在下古生界寒武系灰岩内,由于后期的坍塌,洞口外和洞口内均保留丰富的堆积物。石制品原料取自周边岩石内的脉石英和磨圆度较高的石英岩和燧石砾石;石制品类型包括石核、石片和石器以及各类剥片和修理石器产生的碎片和断块等;石制品个体以小型居多。硬锤锤击法为剥片主要方法,砸击法次之。石器类型主要为刮削器,此外还有尖状器。石制品组合总体显示早期人类的模式1工业类型。哺乳动物化石组合和初步铀系的年代测试表明,古人类在该遗址活动的时间大致为中更新世中后期。两件石制品的拼合现象和多数动物骨骼表面的砍砸和割切痕迹显示,华龙洞为一处直立人多功能的生存和活动遗址。对遗址的进一步发掘和研究对探讨中更新世中国直立人演化、迁徙和技术演化模式等学术问题具有重要意义。

     

关于中国大陆五级以上地震的时间间隔问题

本文研究了我国大陆地区五级以上地震的时间间隔分布情况,发现我国大陆M_S≥5.0地震的时间间隔ΔT与其频次N_(ΔT)之间存在以下关系式:lgN_(ΔT)=2.14-0.15·ΔT本文还讨论了我国大陆出现长期无五级以上地震后,是否将有七级地震的问题。     

Advances in urban information extraction from high-resolution remote sensing imagery

The study of urban area is one of the hottest research topics in the field of remote sensing. With the accumulation of high-resolution(HR) remote sensing data and emerging of new satellite sensors, HR observation of urban areas has become increasingly possible, which provides us with more elaborate urban information. However, the strong heterogeneity in the spectral and spatial domain of HR imagery brings great challenges to urban remote sensing. In recent years, numerous approaches were proposed to deal with HR image interpretation over complex urban scenes, including a series of features from low level to high level, as well as state-of-the-art methods depicting not only the urban extent, but also the intra-urban variations. In this paper, we aim to summarize the major advances in HR urban remote sensing from the aspects of feature representation and information extraction. Moreover, the future trends are discussed from the perspectives of methodology, urban structure and pattern characterization, big data challenge, and global mapping.