Estuarine ecosystem may be considered as ‘pulse-targets’ where information about contamination of all-river basin and about scale and forms of contaminants input to the seas is concentrated. The nucleus of the estuarine processes of contaminants transformation and sedimentation is the critical salinity zone. In the real natural conditions of the Arctic the salinity dependent processes are masked by hydrodynamic effect. The tasks of effective chemical and biological monitoring of Russian Arctic estuarine ecosystems are formulated. 相似文献
A more detailed scenario of one stage (August–November 2004) of the quasibiennial MHD process “Origination ... and dissipation
of the four-sector structure of the solar magnetic field” during the decline phase of cycle 23 has been constructed. It has
been indicated that the following working hypothesis on the propagation of an MHD disturbance westward (in the direction of
solar rotation) and eastward (toward the zone of active longitudes) with the displacement of the large-scale open solar magnetic
field (LOSMF) from this zone can be constructed based on LOSMF model representations and data on sunspot formation, flares,
active filaments, and coronal ejections as well as on the estimated contribution of sporadic energy release to the flare luminosity
and kinetic energy of ejections: (1) The “explosion” of the LOSMF singularity and the formation in the explosion zone of an
anemone active region (AR), which produced the satellite sunspot formation that continued west and east of the “anemone,”
represented a powerful and energy-intensive source of MHD processes at this stage. (2) This resulted in the origination of
two “governing” large-scale MHD processes, which regulated various usual manifestations of solar activity: the fast LOSMF
along the neutral line in the solar atmosphere, strongly affecting the zone of active longitudes, and the slow LOSMF in the
outer layers of the convection zone. The fronts of these processes were identified by powerful (about 1031 erg) coronal ejections. (3) The collision of a wave reflected from the zone of active longitudes with the eastern front of
the hydromagnetic impulse of the convection zone resulted in an increase in LOSMF magnetic fluxes, origination of an active
sector boundary in the zone of active longitudes, shear-convergent motions, and generation and destabilization of the flare-productive
AR 10696 responsible for the heliospheric storm of November 3–10, 2004. 相似文献
It is preferable to use the three-dimensional (3D) magnetotelluric inversion, which provides volumetric geoelectric models, to handle the array input data. However, the soundings are frequently conducted on the single profiles or on the profiles that are considerably spaced apart from each other. We explore the possibilities of the 3D inversion of such data by the example of a three-layer model containing three local inhomogeneities. We previously showed that the simple processing of the data and their 1D or 2D inversion enable reconstructing the background cross section and locating all the three inhomogeneities. In the present paper, we use this information for constructing several versions of the starting model and carrying out the smoothing 3D inversion of the data. The experiments show that if the background cross section is incorporated into the starting model, the final model provided by the inversion closely reproduces the real distribution of all geoelectric parameters. At the same time, if the starting model that hosts the inhomogeneities has the form of a homogeneous half-space, the inversion is not able to reconstruct an adequate final model. 相似文献
An upgrade of the Siberian Solar Radio Telescope (SSRT) [Smolkov et al., 1986; Grechnev et al., 2003] to a multiwave radio
heliograph has been started. The radio heliograph being created will be designed mainly to measure coronal magnetic fields,
to determine the locations of solar-flare energy release, and to investigate coronal mass ejections. These tasks define the
parameters of next-generation radio heliographs. A high spatial resolution, a high image acquisition rate, and a high sensitivity
are required simultaneously. All these parameters should be realized in the widest possible frequency range—from fractions
to tens of GHz). The expected parameters of the future SSRT-based radio heliograph are listed below: spatial resolution 12″–24″,
temporal resolution 0.02–1.0 s, frequency range 4–8 GHz, sensitivity up to 100 K, left-hand and right-hand circular polarizations,
data rate 0.5–20 Mb s−1 (normal and flare modes). In this paper, we describe the broadband antennas, analog optical data transmission lines, and
correlator used in the 10-antenna radio heliograph prototype. 相似文献
The correlation between cyclic (11-year) variations in geomagnetic activity and tropical cyclogenesis during the completed solar activity cycle (cycle 23, 1996–2006) is studied. The total number of the semidiurnal intervals, with the mean values of the planetary ap index not less than 40, for each year and the annual number of cyclones, regardless of their intensity, are used as the characteristics. The correlation coefficients r are calculated for each of the following four cyclogenesis regions: the Atlantic, northeastern and central Pacific, northwestern Pacific, and water areas of oceans and seas in the Southern Hemisphere. The conclusion that the correlation exists between magnetic storms and tropical cyclones in the Atlantic, obtained earlier by Ivanov [2006] on the basis of the data for 1996–2005, is confirmed. It has been found that the linear correlation coefficient r changed in different regions from positive to negative values: 0.55, 0, ?0.50, and ?0.50, respectively. 相似文献
The main goal of this work is to provide real-time access to the data of the NSH tunnel tiltmeters via the Internet. Software is developed that solves this problem and also provides real-time visualization and archiving of data. The solution is based the specialized real-time protocol SeedLink, which ensures lossless data delivery with minimal transmission overhead. In order to simplify access to the device via IPv4 and to protect data from unauthorized access, a secure channel based on virtual private networks has been used. The solution was tested on two tiltmeters installed in the building of the Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences (IPE RAS). Further device testing with an unstable power supply and communication conditions is planned. Therefore, the developed software was ported to energy-efficient ARM computers. Data transmission tests were carried out in the local IPE RAS network and in the wireless network of a mobile network operator. Real-time visualization of data from both tiltmeters and access to the archive are provided in addition to real-time access to data on the IPE RAS website. 相似文献
It is preferable to use the three-dimensional (3D) magnetotelluric inversion, which provides volumetric geoelectric models, to handle the array input data. However, the soundings are frequently conducted on the single profiles or on the profiles that are considerably spaced apart from each other. We explore the possibilities of the 3D inversion of such data by the example of a three-layer model containing three local inhomogeneities. We previously showed that the simple processing of the data and their 1D or 2D inversion enable reconstructing the background cross section and locating all the three inhomogeneities. In the present paper, we use this information for constructing several versions of the starting model and carrying out the smoothing 3D inversion of the data. The experiments show that if the background cross section is incorporated into the starting model, the final model provided by the inversion closely reproduces the real distribution of all geoelectric parameters. At the same time, if the starting model that hosts the inhomogeneities has the form of a homogeneous half-space, the inversion is not able to reconstruct an adequate final model.